The War That Ended Peace: The Road to 1914 (137 page)

Lucheni, Luigi
241
–42

Ludendorff, General Erich
350
,
478
–79,
599
,
603

Ludwig Victor, Archduke of Austria
213

Lueger, Karl
248

Lusitania
, RMS
xix
,
112

Lutyens, Edwin
4

Luxembourg
313
,
345
,
584

M

MacDonald, Ramsay
277
,
288
,
293
,
588

Macedonia
226
,
227
,
380
,
382
,
383
,
385
,
387
,
390
,
393
,
394
,
409
,
439
,
443
,
444
,
462

McKenna, Reginald
127

McKinley, President William
18
,
241

Maclean, Kaid
154
,
354

MacMahon, Marshal
140
–41

Madagascar
162

and Entente Cordiale
156

French annexation of
42
,
135

Madame Tussaud’s waxworks, London
262

Maeterlinck, Maurice
235

Mahan, Captain Alfred
75
,
281

The Influence of Sea Power upon History
87
–89,
96

Mahdi, the
132
,
133
,
134

Mahler, Gustave
229

Mallet, Louis
115

Malta
499
,
500

Manchester
25

Manchuria
46
,
160

and Japan
161
,
163

Russian presence in
47
,
49
,
161
–62,
174
,
182

manufacturing

and British defeat in a maritime war
105
–6

British dominance
4

and Diamond Jubilee
25

Marchand, Captain Jean-Baptiste
22
,
133
–34,
135

Marconi
486

Marconi, Guglielmo
222

Margutti, Count Albert von
204
,
205

Maria Feodorovna (Dagmar of Denmark; Nicholas II’s mother)
171
,
175
–76

Marie, Empress of Russia
4

Marie Antoinette
167

Marie Nikolaevna, Grand Duchess of Russia, murdered by the Bolsheviks P1.
11

Marinetti, Filippo Tommaso
247
,
265

Marlborough, Duke of
490

Marschall von Bieberstein, Adolf
283
,
284

Marx, Karl
284
,
286
,
288

Marxism
285
,
286
,
287

Massis, Henri
239

Matisse, Henri
165

Mauretania
, RMS
112

Maximilian, Emperor of Mexico
206
,
213

May Day
292

Mayerling incident (1889)
2
–6

Mediterranean

British interests
39
,
75
,
399
,
499

eastern end of
39
,
152
,
399
,
446

France’s Mediterranean destiny
149

passage from Black Sea
38
,
75
,
181
,
182
,
195
,
225

rivalry in
145

Royal Navy Fleet
112
,
135

security of
75
,
157
,
499

status quo in
35
,
225

Meinecke, Friedrich
513
,
592

Menelik, Emperor
133

Mensdorff, Count Albert
224
–25,
459
,
543
,
556

mercantile marine, British, destruction of
106

Mesopotamia
555

Messimy, Adolphe
144
,
345
,
346
,
347
,
351
,
544
,
566
–67,
583

Messina earthquake (1908)
432

Meteor
(yacht)
85
,
511

Metternich, Count Paul
58
,
120
,
151
,
248

Mexico

execution of Maximilian
206
,
213

and US investment
16

middle classes

doubting of working class loyalty and reliability
106
–7

fashion
11

growth in
7
,
78

and the military
258

quality of life
11

rise of
32

Russian
476

savings and property
11
–12

tourism
10

working class resentment of
248

Middle East
40
,
83

oil fields
499

Milan, King of Serbia
388

militarism
xxv
,
86
,
255
–60,
264
,
267
,
270
,
272
,
273
,
274
,
276
,
290
,
294
,
312
,
482
,
509
, P1.
15

Military Law (Germany)
430

military planning

acceptance of war as necessary and inevitable
351
–52

the business of experts
301

civilian leaders not kept informed
xxvii

infatuation with the offensive
351

mass mobilisation
xxvi

offensive plans seeking a quick and overwhelming victory
313

rigidity of
xxi

Russian
185
,
343

selling
235

timetables
xxvi

XVII plan (Joffre)
350

see also
Schlieffen Plan

Millerand, Alexandre
374

Milovanović, Milovan
441

mobilisation

altering schedules
301

army units
298

Austro-Hungarian
337
,
338
,
467

British Expeditionary Force
375

German
321
–22,
425
,
426
,
457
,
497
–98,
566

men and equipment
297
–98

Russia
xxx
,
xxxi
,
321
,
338
,
343
,
344
,
467
,
478
,
504
,
550
,
552
,
553
,
565

Serbian army
537

time taken
301
–2

transport
298
–301

Moltke, Helmuth von, the Elder
124
,
239
,
310
,
316
,
318
, P1.
18

appearance
295

becomes head of general staff
299

concern about impact of nationalism on war
255

cultured
295

and mobilisation
299
,
302

an officer from the Junker class
295
,
298

and Schlieffen
317

and Treitschke
81

warns of a new age of wars of peoples
311

Moltke, Helmuth von, the Younger
318
,
331
,
457
,
482
,
511
,
523
,
524
,
565
,
594

appearance
324

and Belgium
329

character
324
,
325
,
478

chief of German general staff
295
,
324
–25

death
601

dismissed
324

exchange of letters with Conrad
334

failing health
526

on the Franco-Russian alliance
561
–62

interests
324

and Liège
574

modifies Schlieffen Plan
316
,
322
,
324
,
327
–28

and public opinion
479
–80

relieved of his duties
595

as Schlieffen’s successor
323
,
324
,
334

and second Moroccan crisis
426

and Theosophy
325

ultimatum to Belgium
585
,
586

and war on two fronts
300
–301

war as unavoidable
479
,
505

Monaco, prince of
267

Monastir
439
–40

Monet, Claude
142

Monroe Doctrine
41
,
42
,
151

Montenegrin army
401
,
402
,
502

Montenegro
199
,
227
,
380
,
386
,
439

agreement with Bulgaria
444

agreement with Serbia
444

Austria-Hungary offers loans
448

constitution
438

independent state
222

population
437

ports
222

relations with Russia
225
–26

response to Serbia’s plea for support
537

and Sanjak of Novi Bazar
382
,
396
,
401
,
409
,
454
,
465

and Serbia
389
,
390
,
393
,
396
,
401

signs alliance with Serbia
444

Moravia
210
,
211

Morley, Lord
584
,
585

Moroccan army
154

Morocco
126
,
132

and 1880 agreement
358

Algeciras Conference
355
,
356
,
363
,
364
–65,
367
–68,
369

British behaviour in
154

Entente Cordiale
157
,
158

falls into anarchy
150
,
153

first crisis (1905–6)
xxix
,
118
,
192
,
292
,
326
,
355
,
356
–62,
377
,
392
,
405
,
413
,
424
,
429
,
467
,
471
,
486
,
541
,
605