Tudors (History of England Vol 2) (79 page)

Somerville, John,
ref 1

Southampton, Henry Wriothesley, 2nd earl of,
ref 1

Southampton, Henry Wriothesley, 3rd earl of: in Ireland,
ref 1
; in Essex’s court faction,
ref 1
; and Essex’s rebellion,
ref 1
,
ref 2
; sentenced to life imprisonment,
ref 1

Southampton, William Fitzwilliam, earl of,
ref 1

Southwick, Anne,
ref 1

Spain: in Holy League against France,
ref 1
; English troops in,
ref 1
; Pavia victory (1525),
ref 1
; invited to invade England,
ref 1
; invasion threat against Henry,
ref 1
; allies with France,
ref 1
; victory at St Quentin (1557),
ref 1
; rivalry with France,
ref 1
; force in Netherlands,
ref 1
; rift with England,
ref 1
; ships impounded in Falmouth and Plymouth,
ref 1
; support for Mary Stuart,
ref 1
; Netherlands revolt against,
ref 1
,
ref 2
; bullion from Latin America,
ref 1
; treaty with England (1573),
ref 1
; troops mutiny and massacre in Netherlands,
ref 1
; ships and treasure attacked by English,
ref 1
; trade with England,
ref 1
; and settlement in Netherlands,
ref 1
; prepares expedition against England,
ref 1
; Elizabeth orders attack on fleet (1597),
ref 1
; sends further armadas against England (1596–7),
ref 1
; supports Tyrone’s rebellion in Ireland,
ref 1
; Essex’s 1596 expedition against, 551

Spanish Armada: prepared,
ref 1
; sails,
ref 2
; engagement,
ref 1
; losses,
ref 1
; retreat and return to Spain,
ref 1

Spenser, Edmund:
The Faerie Queene
,
ref 1

Spurs, battle of the (1513),
ref 1

Stafford, Anne: as Henry’s lover,
ref 1
,
ref 2

Stafford, Sir Thomas,
ref 1

Standish, Henry,
ref 1

Stanford in the Vale, Berkshire,
ref 1

Star Chamber: instituted,
ref 1
; forbids treatises against queen’s injunctions,
ref 1
; tries Puritan,
ref 1

Statute of Artificers (1563),
ref 1

Stephano (assassin),
ref 1

Stevens, Thomas,
ref 1

Stonor Park, Oxfordshire,
ref 1

Stow, John,
ref 1
,
ref 2
;
Survey of London
,
ref 1

Strype, William,
ref 1

Stuart dynasty,
ref 1
,
ref 2

Stubbs, John:
The discovery of a gaping gulf
,
ref 1

Submission of the Clergy,
ref 1
,
ref 2

Succession, Act of (1534),
ref 1

Suffolk, Henry Grey, duke of,
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3

Suffolk, Katherine, duchess of,
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
,
ref 4

Suffolk, Thomas Brandon, 1st duke of: dukedom,
ref 1
; commands force against France (1523),
ref 1
; protests at delay to Henry–Katherine divorce,
ref 1
; in Henry’s service,
ref 1
; appropriates monastic possessions,
ref 1

Supremacy Act (1534),
ref 1

Surrey, Henry Howard, earl of: imprisoned,
ref 1

Surrey, Thomas Howard, earl of
see
Norfolk, dukes of

Sussex, Henry Radcliffe, 2nd earl of,
ref 1

Sussex, Thomas Radcliffe, 3rd earl of: differences with Leicester,
ref 1
; and Elizabeth’s marriage prospects,
ref 1
; travels to Vienna to negotiate Elizabeth’s marriage with archduke Charles,
ref 1
; supports Elizabeth against northern earls,
ref 1
; Elizabeth considers giving Newhall manor to,
ref 1

sweating sickness: Prince Arthur dies from,
ref 1
; in London (1517),
ref 1
; in England (1551),
ref 1

taxes: under Henry,
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
; under Elizabeth,
ref 1

Taylor, John (the ‘water poet’),
ref 1

theatre
see
drama

Thérouanne, Flanders,
ref 1

Thirty-Nine Articles (Church of England),
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3

Throgmorton, Francis,
ref 1
,
ref 2

Tilbury: Elizabeth visits,
ref 1

Titchfield Abbey,
ref 1

Toorwoort, Henry,
ref 1

Topcliffe, Richard,
ref 1

torture: practice of,
ref 1

Tournai,
ref 1

transubstantiation,
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
,
ref 4
,
ref 5
,
ref 6
;
see also
Eucharist

Treason Acts: (1534),
ref 1
; (1547),
ref 1
; (1552),
ref 1

Tunstall, Cuthbert, bishop of Durham,
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3

Turkey: as threat,
ref 1
,
ref 2
; trade with England,
ref 1

Turner, William,
ref 1

Tutbury Castle, Staffordshire,
ref 1
,
ref 2

Tyndale, William: influenced by Luther,
ref 1
; New Testament translation,
ref 1
,
ref 2
;
The Obedience of a Christian Man
,
ref 1

Tyrone, Hugh O’Neill, 2nd earl of,
ref 1
,
ref 2

Tyttenhanger (house), near St Albans,
ref 1

Underhill, Thomas,
ref 1

Uniformity, Acts of: (1549),
ref 1
; (1552),
ref 1
; (1559),
ref 1
,
ref 2

United Provinces
see
Netherlands

universities (English): reforms,
ref 1

universities (European): involvement in Henry’s divorce proceedings,
ref 1

Vagrancy Act (1547),
ref 1

vagrants and vagabondage,
ref 1
,
ref 2

Wade, Sir William,
ref 1

Walpole, Henry,
ref 1

Walsingham, Norfolk: Henry’s pilgrimage to,
ref 1
; Wolsey’s pilgrimage to,
ref 1

Walsingham, Sir Francis: joins queen’s counsels,
ref 1
; as spymaster,
ref 1
; Protestantism,
ref 1
; Elizabeth presents painting to,
ref 1
; restlessness,
ref 1
; campaign against Jesuits,
ref 1
; foils pro–Mary Stuart plots,
ref 1
; proposes alliance with Protestants of Low Countries,
ref 1
; drafts Bond of Association,
ref 1
; questions Parry,
ref 1
; accompanies Elizabeth on 27th anniversary of accession celebrations,
ref 1
; and cost of war in Netherlands,
ref 1
; opposes peace proposals for Netherlands,
ref 1
; uncovers Babington plot,
ref 1
; and trial of Mary queen of Scots,
ref 1
,
ref 2
; informed of plot against Elizabeth,
ref 1
; and Elizabeth’s signing Mary’s death warrant,
ref 1
; death,
ref 1

Wandsworth,
ref 1

Warham, William, archbishop of Canterbury: as chancellor,
ref 1
; grand manner,
ref 1
; death,
ref 1
,
ref 2
; denounces legislation against Church,
ref 1
,
ref 2

Warwick, Ambrose Dudley, earl of,
ref 1

Weelmaker, John,
ref 1

Wentworth, Peter,
ref 1

West Indies: Drake voyages to,
ref 1
,
ref 2

Western Rising (Prayer Book Rebellion, 1549),
ref 1
,
ref 2

Westminster Abbey: shrine of Edward the Confessor destroyed,
ref 1

Westmorland, Charles Neville, 6th earl of,
ref 1

Westmorland, Jane, countess of (
née
Howard),
ref 1

Weston, Francis,
ref 1

Wharton, Sir Thomas,
ref 1

White Horse tavern, Cambridge,
ref 1
,
ref 2

Whitgift, John, archbishop of Canterbury,
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
,
ref 4
,
ref 5

Whyte, Rowland,
ref 1

Wilford, Sir Thomas,
ref 1

William II (Rufus), king of England,
ref 1

William of Nassau, prince of Orange,
ref 1
,
ref 2
; assassinated,
ref 1

Wilson, Thomas:
The State of England Anno Domino
1600
,
ref 1

Wiltshire, Thomas Boleyn, earl of (
earlier
1st viscount Rochford; Anne’s father): peerage,
ref 1
; Henry confides in,
ref 1
; mission to pope,
ref 1
; supposed attack on John Fisher,
ref 1

Wisbech Castle, Isle of Ely,
ref 1

Wolf Hall,
ref 1

Wolsey, Cardinal Thomas: early career,
ref 1
; and Henry’s expedition against France,
ref 1
; and inquiry into heresy case,
ref 1
,
ref 2
; and Standish case,
ref 1
; rise to power,
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
; and London unrest,
ref 1
; contracts sweating sickness,
ref 1
; reforms judicial system,
ref 1
; appointed papal legate,
ref 1
,
ref 2
; religious reforms,
ref 1
; burns Luther’s writings,
ref 1
; diplomacy,
ref 1
; and Anne Boleyn,
ref 1
; and execution of Buckingham,
ref 1
; and invasion of France (1523),
ref 1
,
ref 2
; raises taxes,
ref 1
,
ref 2
; reads Katherine of Aragon’s letters,
ref 1
; negotiates divorce of Henry from Katherine of Aragon,
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3
; Henry suspects,
ref 1
; and suppression of religious dissidents,
ref 1
; fall from favour and dismissal,
ref 1
; driven north,
ref 1
; arrest and death,
ref 1
; interviews Elizabeth Barton,
ref 1

Woodstock, Oxfordshire: Elizabeth in custody at,
ref 1
; Elizabeth revisits,
ref 1

Woodstock, Thomas,
ref 1

Worcester, Edward Somerset, 4th earl of,
ref 1

Worcester, William Somerset, 3rd earl of,
ref 1

workhouses,
ref 1

Wriothesley, Sir Thomas,
ref 1
,
ref 2

Wyatt, Sir Thomas,
ref 1
,
ref 2

Wyatt, Sir Thomas, the younger: rebellion,
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3

Wycliffe, John,
ref 1

York: and Pilgrimage of Grace,
ref 1
; Mary Stuart in,
ref 1

Yorkshire: rebellion (1536),
ref 1

1. Henry VIII at the time of his accession: a golden youth in his prime.

2. Katherine of Aragon, daughter of Ferdinand of Aragon and Isabella of Castile. She was Henry’s first unhappy wife.

3. A woodcut showing the English knights at Flodden Field, who fought in the absence of their king.