Alan Turing: The Enigma (126 page)

Turing machine and ‘state of mind’
105—9
;

discussed in wartime period
210–4
,
251–2
,
265–6
;

AMT wants to build
290–5
,
304
,
327–8
,
332–3
,
343
,
347–9
;

and ‘intelligent machinery’ in AMT’s

expositions
357–64
,
377–85
,
406
,
415–26
,
441–3
,
450–2
,
459–60
;

discussed further
520–3
,
540

physiology of,
360
,
372
,
379
,
386–8
,
429
,
435–7
;

and cybernetics
404
,
404
n,
411–2
;

surgery on
405
,
470

Braithwaite,
Richard B.
86
,
91
,
108
,
123–4
,
450–2
,
482–3

branching, conditional
277
,
298–9
,
301
,
323
,
338
,
343
,
391

Brave New World
(Huxley)
73
,
240
,
439–40
,
467
,
503

Brewster, E. T.
see Natural Wonders …

Bristol
441

British Security Coordination (New York)
242–3
,
252–3
,
271

British Tabulating Machinery
see
BTM

broadcasts
see under
radio

Broadhurst, S. W.
226
,
268

Brooker, R. A. (Tony)
438
,
446
,
465
,
480
,
485
,
495
,
497

Brookes, Victor M. C.
42

Brunt, D.
393

BSC (British Security Coordination)
242–3
,
252–3
,
271

BTM (British Tabulating Machinery)
181
,
220
,
262
n

Burgess, Guy
501
,
507
,
507
n,
509

burglary, of AMT’s house
454–6
,
464

Bush, Vannevar
155
,
157

Butler, Samuel
73–4
,
78
,
361–2
,
382
,
388
,
406
,
424
,
473

Byers Brown, W.
477

Cable and Wireless (company)
271–2

Cambridge University:

scholarship to
38
,
41–4
,
49
–
51
,
55
,
57
;

AMT’s residence at
see under
King’s College;

science and mathematics at
59
–
61
;

not in line with AMT’s interests
88
,
91
,
157
,
134
;

(no) lectureship at
130
,
132
,
150
,
152
,
157
,
186
,
290
,
374
;

computer (EDSAC) at
155
,
342
,
351–2
,
374–5
,
398
,
406–7
;

other visits and contacts
195
,
215
,
239
,
281
,
407
,
448
n,
476
,
482

Campbell, Archibald
15
,
15
n

cancer
439
,
519
n

Cantor, G.
84
,
100–2
,
109
,
114
,
142–3
,
520

capitalism
49
,
72–3
,
251
,
308
,
525

car, AMT’s driving of
128
,
132
,
142
,
395

cards, punched
see
punched cards

Carey, G. M.
30
,
31

Carolina, South
142

Carpenter, Edward
77
,
308–11
,
362
,
371
,
381
,
419
,
453
,
458
,
517
,
521
,
526–7

Carse, Duncan
48

Casablanca
13
,
14
,
253
,
416–7
,
515

castration
469–71
,
505
n

cat (Timothy)
279
,
280
,
283

cathode ray tube: AMT’s ideas for computer use
321
n,
322
,
340
,
354
;

as Williams tube
340
,
349
,
350
,
391
,
393
,
399
,
400
,
402
,
413
,
445
;

see also
Iconoscope

Central Intelligence Agency
497–8
,
501
n,
507

Central Limit Theorem
88–9
,
94
,
108
,
114

Champernowne, David G. (Champ):

at Cambridge
61–2
,
70
,
88
,
94
,
109
,
149–51
,
157
,
209
;

and silver speculation
193
,
344
;

and chess speculation
388
;

other contacts
239
,
269
,
346
,
450
,
474
,
482
n,
490–1

Chandler, W. W.
226
,
268
,
317

Chataway, Christopher J.
395

chemistry: AMT’s experiments
9
,
17–9
,
22–3
,
36
,
39
,
40
,
51–2
,
444
,
484
,
488
,
491
;

and biological growth
431–5
,
445
,
447
,
466
;

in industry
333
,
352
;

see also
hormones

chess: AMT plays
17
,
56
,
68
,
128
,
207
,
227
,
265
,
268
,
281
,
427
;

as model for mathematics
81
,
91–2
;

as model for mechanical thought
211–4
,
265
,
292
,
332–3
,
347
,
349
,
359
,
360–1
,
382
,
387–8
,
411
,
421
,
440
,
441
n,
452
,
478
;

masters of
198
,
227
,
265

Children’s Encyclopaedia
18
,
291

Chorley, Lord
505

‘Christopher’, ‘Chris’,
see
Morcom, Christopher C.

Church
see
religion; bishops

Church, Alonzo
111–3
,
115
,
119
,
123
,
125
,
131
,
133
,
145
,
215
,
249

Churchill, Winston S.:

meets AMT
205
;

AMT writes to
219
–
221
;

relation to AMT’s work
222–3
,
237
,
240–1
,
248
,
269
,
508
, note
5.4
;

speech scrambled
287–8

CIA
497–8
,
501
n,
507

ciphers: in general 8 In,
108
,
161–5
;

AMT’s early interest in
56
,
120
,
138–40
;

and computer
332
,
382–3
,
402
,
409–10
,
445
;

British use of
163–6
,
189
,
259–63
,
270–1
,
282
;
also see
Rockex; Delilah;

German use of
148
;
then see
Enigma; ‘Fish’;

American use of
262
, note
5.4
;
also see
X-system;

Italian use of
176
,
262
;

breaking of ciphers:
see
Poland;

GC and CS (Britain); CSAW (United States);
B. Dienst
(Germany)

Civil War, American
142
,
249
,
253

Clarke,
Joan
195
,
206–8
,
210–1
,
216–7
,
234
,
236
,
263–4
,
307
,
370
,
465
,
517

clay-firing
17
,
207
,
427

Clayton, F. W. (Fred):

at Cambridge
76–7
,
88
,
94
;

and refugees
150
,
158
,
239
;

as writer
253
,
264
,
487
;

post-war contacts
368–70
,
395
,
450
,
454
,
464
,
490

Club Mediterranée
486

codes (secret)
see
ciphers

Cold War
386
,
393
,
409
,
413–4
,
449
,
486
,
496
–
512
,
524–6

Colebrook, F. M.
407–8

Colossus (electronic cryptanalytic machine)

in war
267–8
,
277–8
;

as precursor of computer
292–4
,
299
,
301–2
,
320
;

post-war influence
328
,
330
,
335
,
341
,
409

communication, mathematical theory of
250
,
252
,
345

communications (in war)
see under
radio; ciphers

Communism, communists at Cambridge
71–2
,
109
,
186
,
280
,
386
,
500–1
,
509
,
511
,
524

complex numbers
see under
numbers

computable numbers
100
,
102
,
124
,
133

Computable Numbers
(shortened title of AMT’s 1936 paper):
see under
Turing machine;
Entscheidungs problem;
Universal Turing machine, for content. References here are to the paper itself:

completion
109
;

delay in publication
111–3
;

initial impact
119
,
123–5
,
129
,
133
,
136
;

known to von Neumann
131
,
145
,
145
n,
304
,
343
;

known to Womersley
306—7
,
407
;

considered as origin of ACE
295
,
306–7
,
318
,
336
,
348
,
349
,
360
,
368
,
407
;

AMT sees as greatest work
373
,
438

computer, analogue
295–7
;
see also
differential analyser; zeta-function machine