Alan Turing: The Enigma (128 page)

Evening News
352

evidence, weight of
197
,
250
,
265–6
,
344
,
410
n

examinations: Common
Entrance
18
–
20
;

at Sherborne
26
;

School Certificate
31–2
;

Higher Certificate
36–8
,
50–1
,
58
;

Cambridge scholarship
42
–
44
,
55
,
57
;

Cambridge degree (‘Tripos’)
60–1
,
67
,
88
;

AMT is ‘B-star Wrangler’
88
;

doctorate, Princeton
131
,
145
;

AMT as examiner
145
,
152
,
482–3

Exeter
450
,
490

extra-sensory perception
416

Faster than Thought
(Bowden)
478–9

FBI
242
,
498

Fellowship
see under
King’s College

Ferranti
393
,
397
,
399
,
438
,
441
n,
446
,
502
n

Festival of Britain
446
,
449
,
540

Fibonacci numbers
see
numbers

Finistère
(Peters)
486–7

fir cone
208
,
281
,
430
,
435
,
494

First World War: AMT as boy in 7;

reaction against
70
,
87
,
253
;

ciphers in
146
,
191

‘Fish’ (German cipher machine system)
228–30
,
266–7
,
276–8
,
302
,
312
;

see also
Colossus

Fisher, R. A.
197

floating-point numbers
see
numbers

flowers
see
plants; daisy

Flowers, T. H.
226–7
,
265
,
267–8
,
290
,
311–2
,
317
,
328
,
336
,
341–2

Foreign Office
146
,
205
,
234
,
472
n;

communications of
165
,
236
,
262
;

see also
GC and CS

formalism (in mathematics)
91
,
425

Forrester, J. W.
354

Forster, E.M.
70–1
,
73
,
78
,
254
,
310
,
388
,
511–2
,
518
,
520
,
524

four colour theorem
90
n,
341
,
341
n

Fourier theory
134
n,
278
,
278
n,
280

Fowler, Alex D.
249

Fowler, R.H.
95

Fox, Leslie
316
,
344

France: AMT likes
10
,
14–6
,
18
;

role in Enigma
157
,
170
,
185
,
191–2
,
194
;

AMT in liberated Paris,
311–2
;

holidays and saga-ettes
386
,
396
,
428
,
448
,
484–6

Frankel, S.
304

‘Fred’,
see
Clayton, F. W.

free-will
see
determinism

Freemasons, AMT sheds light on
68

Frege, G.
83–4
,
91
,
215

Freud, S., Freudian psychology
77
,
459

Friedman, W.
248
,
250
,
252

Friends, Society of
see
Quakers

Fuchs, K.
499
–
500
,
506

Furbank, P. N. (Nick)
388–9
,
397
,
415
,
446
,
483
,
490–1
,
496

Gabor, D.
345

Galileo
33–4
,
418
,
472

Gambier-Parry, R.
270
,
287
,
346

games: mathematical theory of
212–3
,
373
;

see also
chess; draughts; Go; poker; Psychology; hockey; Presents

Gandy, Robin O.: meets AMT
186
,
272–3
;

as wartime colleague
279–80
,
287
,
289
,
345
,
355
;

at Cambridge
371
,
373
,
381
,
386
,
388
;

as friend, student and logician
396–7
,
411
,
428
,
441
,
446
,
453
,
459
,
476–7
,
479
,
480
,
482–5
,
489–91
,
494–6
,
512
;

writes of AMT
516
,
520
,
522

gastrulation
431–3
,
437

Gauss
60
,
83
,
93
,
134
,
378

‘gay’
448
n;
see
sexuality

GC and CS (Government Code and Cypher School, at Bletchley Park 1939–1945):

origin
146–7
;

AMT joins
148–9
;

baffled by Enigma
(q.v.)
147–8
,
151

helped by Poland
(q. v.)
157–8
,
175–6

moves to Bletchley
160–1
;

Enigma solved by Bombes
(q. v.)
176
–
185
;

problems of success
191–2
;

AMT takes naval Enigma in Hut Eight
(q.v.)
186–7
;

is ‘creative anarchy’
203–4
;

has intellectual life
210–7
;

Churchill’s role
205
,
219
–
221
,
240
;

1942 crisis
222
,
228
;

AMT as chief analyst
228
,
236–7
;

coordination or lack of
217–8
,
260–2
;

relations with USA
235–6
,
244
,
260–3
;

and battle of Atlantic
(q.v.)
201
,
217
,
263
;

electronics at
225–7
,
231
,
263
,
267
;

deadly secrecy of
237–40
,
289
; and computer plans
292
,
294
,
329
,
331–3
,
336
;

post-war references
369
,
374
,
382–3
,
410
n,
448
n;

see also
GCHQ

GCHQ (Government Communications Headquarters)
386
,
409
,
438
,
464
,
496
,
502
n,
507–8

genetics
67–8
,
384
,
429
,
431
,
466

see also
DNA

geometry: axioms of
41
,
82
;

also
90
,
118
,
161
,
195

George V, King
109
,
121
,
462

George VI, King
122
,
338
,
455

Germany: AMT visits
52
,
67
,
88
–
90
,
311–2
, note
8.46
;

anticipates war
with
138
,
144
;

refugees from
86
,
150–1
,
480
;

communications of
see
Enigma; ‘Fish’;

precursor of computer in
298–9
;

see also
Nazism; Second World War; Atlantic, battle of

Gervis H. S.
37
,
52
; Mrs Gervis
20

Gibraltar
48–9

Gillett, Miss
10
,
51

Glass, S.J.
468–9

Gleason, Andrew M.
243
,
355

Glennie, Alick E.
440–1
,
478

Glorious
(ship)
189

Gneisenau
(ship)
189
,
222

Go, game of
116
,
128
,
212
,
249
,
264
,
443

Gödel, K.
92
,
111
,
115
,
117–8
,
133
;

incompleteness of mathematics
92
,
102
,
125
,
131
,
133
,
142–4
,
495
;

significance of this, if any
109
,
144
,
360–1
,
378
,
414–5
,
419
,
523
,
540

Godier, Mme
14

Gold, T.
328
,
375
,
411
,
512

Goldstine, H. H.
300
,
355

Golia, F.L.
469

Golombek, Harry
227
,
231–3
,
265

Good, I.J. (Jack):

and naval Enigma
198
,
204
,
227–8
;

and chess machines
212–4
,
265
,
360
;

and ‘Fish’
266
,
277
,
301
;

writes on probability
344
;

speculates with AMT
386–8
,
391
n,
411

Goodwin, E. T. (‘Charles’)
316
,
337

Göttingen, AMT visits
89

Government Code and Cypher School

see
GC and CS

Government Communications Headquarters

see
GCHQ

Great War
see
First World War

Greece
486
; Greek
22
,
25

Greenbaum, Franz
480–2
,
485
,
488
,
491
,
496
;

Greenbaum, Hilla and Maria
485–6

Grey Walter, W.
411–2
,
446
,
469
,
469
n

Griffith, R.J.
271

groups, algebraic theory of
81
;

and AMT’s pre-war work
94–5
,
118
,
123
,
126
,
129–31
;

and ciphers
81
n,
172
,
283
;

and computers
293
,
341
;

and word problems
412
,
441
,
495
;

and physics
81
n,
495
n

growth, biological
12–3
,
207
;

AMT’s theory of
429
–
437
,
444–5
,
447
,
466
,
476
,
492–4
;
see also
hormones