Congo (105 page)

49.
Northrup 1988: 97–99.

50.
Chalux 1925: 209.

51.
Joye and Lewin 1961: 184.

52.
Kimoni Iyay 1990: 155–82.

53.
Vandewalle 1966: 45.

54.
Banque Centrale du Congo 2007.

55.
Chalux 1925: 147.

56.
Boelaert et al. 1995.

57.
Delcommune 1920: 26.

58.
Cayen 1938: 58.

59.
Cayen 1938: 47–54.

60.
Cornevin 1963: 176–77.

61.
Geernaert n.d.

62.
Depaepe et al. 2003: 220.

63.
Interview with Martin Kabuya, Kinshasa, October 16, 2008.

64.
Kisobele Ndontoni 2008.

65.
Interview with Hélène Nzimbu Diluzeyi and Leon Wasolua, Kinshasa, November 11, 2008.

66.
Interview with Eugène Yoka Kinene, Kinshasa, November 11, 2008.

67.
Vanthemsche 2010.

68.
Brion and Moreau 2006: 95.

69.
Jewsiewicki 1980.

70.
Hulstaert 1990.

71.
Ndaywel è Nziem 1998: 411.

72.
Libotte n.d.

73.
Delannoo 2006.

74.
Etambala 1993: 33–37; Odette Kudjabo, press communiqué.

75.
Dominiek Dendooven, press communiqué.

76.
Habran 1925: 52–53.

CHAPTER 4

1.
Geldof 1937: 131.

2.
Interview with Marcel Wanzungasa, Nkamba, November 4, 2008.

3.
Cited by Vellut 2005a: 10.

4.
Mokoko Gampiot 2004: 60–63.

5.
Sinda 1972: 73.

6.
Munayi 1977.

7.
Gérard 1969: 9–13.

8.
Nelson 1994: 176–77.

9.
Ndaywel è Nziem 1998: 411–12.

10.
Kibari 1985.

11.
Maquet-Tombu 1952: 135–36.

12.
Thieffry 1926: 267.

13.
Blanchart et al. 1999.

14.
Guebels 1952: 262.

15.
Vandewalle 1966: 13.

16.
Nzula et al. 1979: 64.

17.
Vanthemsche 1999: 17.

18.
Vandewalle 1966: 45.

19.
Davidson et al. 1987: 739.

20.
FOD Buitenlandse Zaken, Africa archives, personnel dossier, Firmin Joseph Arthur Peigneux.

21.
Interview with Pierre Diakanua, Kinshasa, December 8, 2008.

22.
Interview with Étienne Nkasi, Kinshasa, November 10, 2008.

23.
Vellut 1992: 201.

24.
Vellut 1992: 175.

25.
Nelson 1994: 155.

26.
Sikitele 1973: 117–18.

27.
Sikitele 1973: 109.

28.
Cited by Nzula et al. 1979: 110.

29.
Saint Moulin 2007: 42.

30.
Fetter 1976: 74.

31.
Brion and Moreau 2006: 115, 134.

32.
Nelson 1994: 151; Northrup 1988: 206–209.

33.
Fetter 1973: 23.

34.
Higginson 1989: 56.

35.
Northrup 1988: 208.

36.
Joye and Lewin 1961: 160.

37.
Joye and Lewin 1961: 159.

38.
Fetter 1974: 216.

39.
Grévisse 1951: 98.

40.
Esgain 2000: 61.

41.
Verhaegen 1999: 126.

42.
Daye 1929: 207.

43.
Davis 1933: 287–90.

44.
Van Peel 2000: 152.

45.
Daye 1929: 239.

46.
Chalux 1925: 213.

47.
Chalux 1925: 157–58.

48.
Stewart 2000: 16.

49.
Fetter 1973: 38.

50.
Chalux 1925: 126.

51.
Fabian 1986.

52.
Cited by Depaepe et al. 2003: 164–65.

53.
Boel 2005: 77, 83.

54.
Boel 2005: 111, 139.

55.
Boel 2005: 88.

56.
Emongo Lomomba 1985: 136.

57.
Fabian 1971: 60.

58.
Young 1984: 700.

59.
Emongo Lomomba 1985: 137–38.

60.
Joye and Lewin 1961: 161–3; Fabian 1971: 55–60; Fetter 1973: 38.

61.
Cited by Brion and Moreau 2006: 137.

62.
Tilman 2000.

63.
Van Peel 2000: 180.

64.
Renson and Peeters 1994: 204.

65.
Van Peel 2000: 185.

66.
Interviews with Henri de la Kéthulle, Kinshasa, May 26, 2007, Kikwit, June 2, 2007, and September 20, 2008.

67.
Fetter 1974.

68.
Perrings 1979: 216.

69.
Kalundi Mango, interviewed by Johannes Fabian, Lubumbashi, June 1986, http://www2.fmg.uva.nl/lpca/aps/vol4/vocabulairekalundicomments.html.

70.
Yav 1965: 22.

71.
Fetter 1974: 212–13.

72.
Brausch 1961: 20.

73.
Brausch 1961: 19–39.

74.
Souchard 1983: 47.

75.
Cited by Feuchaux 2000: 88–90.

76.
Cited by Etambala 1993: 40.

77.
Cited by Etambala 1993: 40.

78.
Cited by Bontinck 1980: 608.

CHAPTER 5

1.
Interview with André Kitadi, Kinshasa, October 16, 2008.

2.
Bourla Errera 2000: 59.

3.
McCrummen 2009.

4.
Interview with André Kitadi, Kinshasa, November 11, 2008.

5.
Interview with André Kitadi, Kinshasa, October 16, 2008.

6.
Interview with Martin Kabuya, Kinshasa, October 16, 2008.

7.
Ergo 2008: 132–34.

8.
Interview with Libert Otenga, November 11, 2008.

9.
Wrong 2000: 136–44.

10.
Buelens 2007: 282.

11.
Buelens 2007: 288.

12.
Jewsiewicki et al. 1973: 160.

13.
Tshibangu Kabet 1974: 297.

14.
Etambala 1999a: 77–78.

15.
Dibwe dia Mwembu 1999: 195.

16.
Perrings 1979: 226.

17.
Yav 1965: 24.

18.
Emongo Lomomba 1985: 140.

19.
Vellut 1983: 506–514.

20.
Jewsiewicki et al. 1973.

21.
Young 1984: 703.

22.
Souchard 1983: 176.

23.
Souchard 1983: 59.

24.
Souchard 1983: 58.

25.
Souchard 1983: 59–60.

26.
Souchard 1983: 146–48.

27.
Souchard 1983: 155.

28.
Hulstaert 1983: 590.

29.
Souchard 1983: 234.

30.
Souchard 1983: 84–87.

31.
Souchard 1983: 235.

32.
Interview with Libert Otenga, November 11, 2008.

33.
Vellut 1983: 505.

34.
Interview with André Kitadi, Kinshasa, October 16, 2008.

35.
Vanderlinden 1994: 604.

36.
Van Bilsen 1993: 55.

37.
Guebels 1952: 640.

38.
Roussel 1949:49.

39.
Wauters 1929: 142.

40.
Dehoux 1950: 1:155.

41.
Lefebvre 1952: 519.

42.
Ceuppens 2009.

43.
Young 1984: 704–707.

44.
Stengers 1989: 226.

45.
Drachoussoff 1954: 115–16.

46.
Guebels 1952: 738.

47.
Tempels 1944: 22.

48.
Tempels 1945 [1946]: 105.

49.
Guebels 1952: 659.