Faith Versus Fact : Why Science and Religion Are Incompatible (9780698195516) (44 page)

“Any sufficiently advanced technology”
:
Clarke 1973, p. 21.

“As a purely
practical
matter”
:
Giberson 2009, pp. 155–56.

“a religious faith that depended upon a belief”
:
Hutchinson 2011, p. 222.

The classic test for the truth of miracles
:
Hume 1975 [1748].

The Shroud of Turin
:
Philip Pullella, “Italian Scientist Reproduces Shroud of Turin,” Reuters, October 5, 2009, http://www.reuters.com/article/2009/10/05/us-italy-shroud-idUSTRE5943HL20091005; Inés San Martin, “Pope Francis to Venerate Famed Shroud of Turin,”
Crux
, November 5, 2014, http://www.cruxnow.com/church/2014/11/05/pope-francis-to-venerate-famed-shroud-of-turin-in-2015/.

In 2012, a statue of Jesus
:
J. White 2012.

One was suggested by the philosopher Herman Philipse
:
Philipse 2012, chapter 10.

“The body of Jesus probably decayed”
:
Funk and the Jesus Seminar 1998, p. 36.

Of course, more conservative Christians
:
Branch 1995.

“God created man in his
own
image”
:
Genesis 1:27.

“For since by man came death”
:
1 Corinthians 15:21–22; see also Romans 5:12–21.

As we've learned, Augustine
:
Augustine,
City of God,
Book XIV, http://www.newadvent.org/fathers/120114.htm.

“The account of the fall”
:
United States Catholic Conference 1994, Section 2, chapter 1, paragraph 7.

And Americans as a whole
:
Bishop et al. 2010.

The genetic evidence tells us
:
Y chromosome data from Francalacci et al. 2013; Poznik et al. 2013; Mendez et al. 2013. Other genome data from Garrigan and Hamer 2006.

But the evidence is even stronger
:
Henn, Cavalli-Sforza, and Feldman 2012; Li and Durbin 2011; Sheehan, Harris, and Song 2013.

“The denial of an historical Adam and Eve”
:
Mohler 2011.

“Really, without a doctrine of original sin”
:
Aus 2012.

“For the faithful cannot embrace”
:
Pius XII 1950; see also United States Catholic Conference 1994, Section 390.

“According to this model”
:
Alexander 2010–11.

The most “sophisticated” attempt
:
Enns 2012.

“One can believe that Paul is correct”
:
Ibid., p. 143.

“Paul's handling of Adam”
:
Ibid., p. 102.

“possess[ed] this land among themselves”
:
Book of Mormon, 2 Nephi 1:5–9; see also Ether 13:2.

But as with the existence of Adam and Eve
:
Genetic data on Native Americans from N. A. Rosenberg et al. 2002; Murphy 2002.

“DNA studies cannot be used”
:
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, “Book of Mormon and DNA Studies,” 2014, https://www.lds.org/topics/book-of-mormon-and-dna-studies.

On twelve occasions since 1982
:
Gallup 2014; Newport 2014b.

“The Teaching Authority of the Church”
:
Pius XII 1950, Section 36.

And because life itself
:
Pross 2012.

“in [a modern human's] large and well-developed brain”
:
Wallace 1870, p. 343.

“Religions can put up with all kinds”
:
Haught 2003, p. 185.

“What is
not
consistent with Christian belief”
:
Plantinga in Dennett and Plantinga 2010, pp. 4–5.

“The world of molecules”
:
Barbour 2000, p. 164.

While ID arguments
:
See Pennock 1999; Miller 1999, 2008; Coyne 2005; Orr 2005.

“With man, we find ourselves”
:
John Paul II 1996.

“Fortunately, in scientific terms”
:
Miller 1999, p. 241.

What we
have
shown
:
Sniegowski 1995.

“Contrary to popular belief”
:
Conway Morris 2003, p. xv.

“But as life re-explored adaptive space”
:
Miller 2008, pp. 152–53.

In his book
Wonderful Life
:
Gould 1989.

“a wildly improbable evolutionary event” and “a cosmic accident”
:
Ibid., pp. 44, 291.

“The idea that secondary causes”
:
Haught 2003, p. 57.

“The theory of evolution provided”
:
Ayala 2007, pp. 4–5.

“But any world that contains atonement”
:
Plantinga 2011, p. 59.

“arbitrary superfluity”
:
Grayling 2013.

Chapter 4: Faith Strikes Back

“When I was working as a pastor”
:
Aus 2012.

“there must always be many extraordinary facts”
:
Humphrey 1996, p. 71.

“No one infers a god”
:
Ingersoll 1879, p. 56.

“the attempt to argue for the truth”
:
Philipse 2012, p. 14.

“As far as the examination of the instrument goes”
:
Paley 1809, p. 18.

“Men think epilepsy divine”
:
Hippocrates of Cos, ca. 400 BCE. Quoted in Sagan 1996, p. 8.

“How wrong it is to use God as a stop-gap”
:
Bonhoeffer 1967, p. 311.

“A word of caution is needed”
:
Collins 2006, pp. 92–93.

As for the origin of life
:
Hazen 2005; Pross 2012; Keller, Turchyn, and Ralser 2014.

Neuroscience has already made
:
Baars, Banks, and Newman 2003; Pinker 2007 and personal communication; Dehaene and Changeux 2011.

“the unreasonable effectiveness of mathematics in the natural sciences”
:
Wigner 1960.

A full 69 percent of Americans
:
Bishop et al. 2010.

“It almost seems”
:
Miller 1999, pp. 228, 232.

Assuming that life can inhabit
:
Siegel 2013.

“What reasons can God have had”
:
Philipse 2012, p. 276.

“But why should we think of God”
:
Craig 2012, responding to Carroll 2012.

“The following proposition”
:
Darwin 1871, pp. 71–72.

“Scientists and humanists”
:
Wilson 1975, p. 562.

“the sudden appearance in consciousness”
:
Haidt 2001, p. 818.

“But humans are unique”
:
Collins 2006, pp. 27, 140.

“Selfless altruism . . . is quite frankly a scandal”
:
Ibid., p. 200.

“There are specific human experiences”
:
Linker 2014.

In his book
The Blank Slate
:
Pinker 2002, citing D. Brown 1991.

A survey of sixty “traditional societies”
:
Curry, Mullins, and Whitehouse in preparation.

There are also moral instincts
:
Thompson 1976; Hauser 2006.

In
The Better Angels of Our Nature
:
Pinker 2011.

The primatologist Frans de Waal
:
de Waal 2006, 2013; de Waal, Machedo, and Ober 2009.

capuchin monkeys seem to show
:
See the video at http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-KSryJXDpZo.

Indeed, even rats
:
Bartal, Decety, and Mason 2011; Bartal et al. 2014.

When you overlay animal “morality”
:
Brosnan 2011, 2013.

The work of the child psychologist Paul Bloom
:
Bloom 2013.

“There is no support”
:
Bloom 2014.

In fact, many aspects
:
Price 2012.

As Peter Singer explains
:
Singer 1981.

Explaining altruism toward relatives
:
See Dawkins 1976 and references therein.

I've just seen a video
:
See https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=570khFoaE4s.

“What evolution underwrites”
:
Plantinga 2011, p. 316.

“God created both us and our world”
:
Ibid., p. 269.

“This capacity for knowledge of God”
:
Plantinga 2000, p. 180.

“What I'll argue”
:
Plantinga in Dennett and Plantinga 2010, p. 17.

“There is superficial conflict”
:
Plantinga 2011, p. ix.

“Members of our species commonly believe”
:
Pinker 2005, p. 18.

“checker-shadow illusion”
:
The illusion can be seen at http://www.michaelbach.de/ot/lum_adelsonCheckShadow/.

The skeptic and science writer Michael Shermer
:
Shermer 2002, 2013.

“Were it not for sin and its effects”
:
Plantinga 2000, p. 214.

The anthropologist Pascal Boyer
:
Boyer 2002; for the development of religious beliefs over time, see Banerjee and Bloom 2013.

Rather, religion is likely to be
:
See Gould and Vrba 1982 for a discussion of exaptations.

“We see, then, that whether we compare”
:
Wallace 1870, p. 343.

“These abilities far surpass”
:
Plantinga 2011, p. 286.

“All knowledge that is not the genuine product of observation”
:
Lamarck 1820, p. 84 (my translation): “Toute connaissance qui n'est pas le produit réel de l'observation ou de conséquences tirées de l'observation, est tout-à-fait sans fondement, et véritablement illusoire.”

“science is not the only way of knowing”
:
Collins 2006, p. 229.

“confirmed to such a degree”
:
Gould 1983, p. 255.

Nevertheless, microeconomics has produced
:
Chetty 2013.

The physicist Sean Carroll
:
Carroll 2013.

“Philosophy of science”
:
See, for instance, http://evolvingthoughts.net/2010/06/evolution-quotes-feyman-on-religion-and-science.

Philosophy, for instance
:
For example, Dennett 1991, 1995; Kitcher 1982, 1985; Pennock 1999.

The Old Testament God
:
See Deuteronomy 20:17–18 and 1 Samuel 15:3.

Sam Harris, for instance
:
Harris 2011.

“Over a century after publication”
:
Charlton and Verghese 2010, pp. 94–95.

“Consider the kind of putative insights”
:
Kieran 2009, pp. 194–95.

“We know the ways in which humans express”
:
Comment by “Vaal,” May 8, 2012, http://whyevolutionistrue.wordpress.com/2012/05/08/quote-of-the-day-mike-aus/#comment-216549.

“It is not merely the misapplication”
:
Hutchinson 2011, p. 175.