Greece, Rome, and the Bill of Rights (39 page)

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34. Benjamin Fletcher Wright, Jr.,
American Interpretations of Natural Law: A Study in the History of Political Thought
(Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1931), pp. 45.
35. Joseph Declareuil,
Rome the Law-Giver
(London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner; New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1927), p. 3.
36. Barry Nicholas,
An Introduction to Roman Law
(Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1962), p. 1.
37. Nicholas,
An Introduction to Roman Law
, pp. 12.
38.
Digest
CXL, 84101. Given the nature of the compilation of the
Digest
, the absence of the phrase from earlier texts does not mean that it had not been used previously.
39. Declareuil,
Rome the Law-Giver
, pp. 2829.
40. Declareuil,
Rome the Law-Giver
, p. 4. This "astonishing second life of Roman law," as Nicholas calls it, provided Europe with a common stock of legal thought and many common legal rules. There are therefore to this day "two great families of law" of European origin: the common law of England, predominant in the English-speaking world, and Roman or civil law, embracing almost all the countries of Europe and the state of Louisiana. See Nicholas,
Introduction to Roman Law
, p. 2.
41. Robert Mark Wenley,
Stoicism and Its Influence
(New York: Longmans, Green, 1927), p. 130.
42. Gerard Watson, "The Natural Law and Stoicism," in
Problems in Stoicism
, ed. A. A. Long (London: Athlone Press, 1971), p. 225.
43. Edward Gibbon,
The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire
, ch. 44, first paragraph.
44. D'Entrèves,
Natural Law
, p. 32.

 

page_190<br/>
Page 190
45. Quirinus Breen,
Christianity and Humanism: Studies in the History of Ideas
, ed. Nelson Peter Ross (Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans Publishing, 1968), p. 211.
46. D'Entrèves,
Natural Law
, p. 33.
47. D'Entrèves,
Natural Law
, p. 33.
48. Robert N. Wilkin,
Eternal Lawyer, A Legal Biography of Cicero
(New York: Macmillan, 1947), p. 227.
49. D. H. Van Zyl,
Cicero's Legal Philosophy
(Roodepoort: Digma Publications, 1986), p. 21.
50. Long,
Hellenistic Philosophy
, p. 231. Also Watson, "Natural Law and Stoicism," p. 228.
51. Cicero,
De re publica
3.22.33 (tr. Keyes).
52. Hicks,
Stoic and Epicurean
, p. 338.
53. Van Zyl,
Cicero's Legal Philosophy
, p. 99.
54. Cicero,
De legibus
1.6.18:
Lex est ratio summa insita in natura ... eadem ratio cum est in hominis mente confirmata et confecta, lex est.
55. Chaim Wirszubski,
Libertas as a Political Idea at Rome during the Late Republic and Early Principate
(Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1950), p. 85.
56. Paul MacKendrick (with the collaboration of Karen Lee Singh),
The Philosophical Books of Cicero
(New York: St. Martin's Press, 1989), p. 63.

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