Hotel Florida: Truth, Love, and Death in the Spanish Civil War (72 page)

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Whelan, Richard.
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Hotel Florida
is built on the personal records of its principal subjects—Arturo Barea, Robert Capa, Martha Gellhorn, Ernest Hemingway, Ilsa Kulcsar, and Gerda Taro—and without the help of the keepers of those records, this book could never have been written. My deepest thanks go to Uli Rushby-Smith for welcoming me into her home and giving me permission to examine and use the Arturo and Ilsa Barea papers; to Cynthia Young, the curator of the Robert Capa archives at the International Center of Photography, for opening that collection (and the papers and photographic records of Gerda Taro) to me and enduring my endless questions about it; to Alexander Matthews, the executor of the estate of Martha Gellhorn, and Sean Noel of the Howard Gotlieb Archival Research Center at Boston University for granting me access to the papers of Martha Gellhorn; and to Kirk Curnutt of the Hemingway Foundation and Society, Michael Katakis, Simon & Schuster, Inc. (especially Yessenia Santos), and Susan Wrynn of the Ernest Hemingway Collection at the John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum for allowing me to use material from the papers of Ernest Hemingway. I’d also like to thank the Columbia University Rare Book and Manuscript Library for making available the papers of Herbert L. Matthews, which provided a navigational third point for charting the comings and goings of some of my subjects.

For making the task of consulting all these resources easier, I’m grateful to Eugene Ludlow of the Barea archive, Claartje van Dijk at ICP, Ryan Hendrickson at Boston University, and Stephen Plotkin, now a reference archivist at the John F. Kennedy Library. Archival research is dark and lonely work, and they all helped to keep the darkness at bay.

I would also like to thank Roslyn Pachoca, a reference librarian, and others at the Library of Congress for help in tracing Ilsa Barea’s
Telefónica
; the staff at the New York Public Library’s cataloging and reading rooms, who guided me to obscure foreign and periodical publications; and Mark Bartlett and his colleagues at the New York Society Library, who let me treat their collection as an extension of my home bookshelves.

I owe an enormous debt to the scholars, historians, and other writers who have worked with this material before me, and in some cases are working on it still. Many are acknowledged in my bibliography and source notes, but some of them have gone out of their way to help me individually, answering my questions, pointing out my blunders, lending me books or films, or pointing me in the direction of interesting sources. I’m particularly (and alphabetically) grateful to Richard Baxell, Antony Beevor, Patrick, Ramón, and George Buckley, Javier Cercas, Robert Coale, Mary Dearborn, Scott Donaldson, Michael Eaude, Soledad Fox, Joanna Godfry, Ray Hoff, Sheila Isenberg, Rickard Jorgensen, Stephen Koch, Anne Makepeace, José Martinez de Pison, Marion Meade, Caroline Moorehead, Paul Preston, Carl Rollyson, Irme Schaber, Patrick Seale, Peter Stansky, Nigel Townson, Alex Vernon, Alan Warren, William Braasch Watson, and Trisha Ziff; and, for help with German texts, Janice Kohn. I am also thankful for the support and probing questions from members of the New York University Biography Seminar, the first audience for early pages of this book. Without all these individuals, this book might have been written but would have been a lot less interesting, and accurate. Where it is
in
accurate, or uninteresting, the fault is mine.

There are no words to express my gratitude to my extraordinary agent, Eric Simonoff, who when I first showed him a proposal for
Hotel Florida
said the magic words “I want to sell it tomorrow.” Nor to the man he sold it
to
: the equally extraordinary Jonathan Galassi, whom I’ve long valued as a friend and colleague, and have now come to cherish as an editor and publisher. I also thank Jonathan’s wonderful team at Farrar, Straus and Giroux, including but not limited to Christopher Richards (a.k.a. Mission Control), Stephen Weil, Jennifer Carrow, Amber Hoover, Marion Duvert, Diana Frost, Jeff Seroy, Lenni Wolff, Jonathan Lippincott, Tal Goretsky, and my old Viking shipmate Lottchen Shivers; Alexandra Pringle and her colleagues at Bloomsbury, among them the ever-patient Bill Swainson and Madeleine Feeny; and my Spanish agent, Mònica Martín Berdagué, for her support and kindness.

Finally I’d like to acknowledge the friends who have graciously put up with my gossip about seventy-five-year-old events over lunches, dinners, and walks around the reservoir (you all know who you are); my loyal office assistants, Natasha and Tanaquil Stewart; and my family—Tom, Pamela, and Patrick—who teach me every day the importance of love and integrity.

INDEX

The index that appeared in the print version of this title does not match the pages in your e-book. Please use the search function on your e-reading device to search for terms of interest. For your reference, the terms that appear in the print index are listed below.

ABC Press Service

Abraham Lincoln Battalion

Abyssinia

Ackerley, J. R.

Adams, J. Donald

Aga Khan

Agence Espagne

Alba, Duke of

Albacete

Albany Times-Union

Alberti, Rafael

Alcázar (Toledo)

Alcoy

Alfambra

Alfonso XIII, King of Spain

Alianza de Escritores Antifascistas

Alicante

Allan, Ted

Allen, Jay

Alliance Photo agency

Almadén

Almería

Álvarez del Vayo, Julio

Alving, Barbro

American Friends for Spanish Democracy

Anarchists;
see also
CNT; FAI

Andalusia

André Marty Battalion

Anglo-American Press Club

Anti-Comintern Pact

Antirevolutionary Coalition

anti-Stalinists

Aragon

Aragon, Louis

Araquistáin, Luis

Arganda

Armstrong, Dick

Army of Africa

Art et décoration
(magazine)

Assange, Julian

Assault Guards

Associated Press

Asturias

Atholl, Duchess of (Katherine Stewart-Murray)

Auden, W. H.

Austria; German annexation of; political exiles from;
see also
Vienna

Aveline, Claude

Azaña, Manuel

Badajoz

Bahamas

Bahamonde, Antonio

Baker, Carlos

Baker, Josephine

Balzac, Honoré,
Comédie Humaine

Banco de España (Madrid)

Bank of America

Barcelona; Arturo and Ilsa Barea in; battles near (
see
Ebro, Battle of the); bombing of; Dos Passos in
nn
; fall of; government relocated from Valencia to; Hemingway in; International Brigade parade in; revolutionary spirit in

Barea, Arturo; background of; in Barcelona; death of; in England; escape from Spain of; first marriage of,
see
Barea, Aurelia; Madrid foreign press censorship post of; and outbreak of Civil War; in Paris; in Playa de San Juan; in United States; Unknown Voice of Madrid radio broadcasts by; in Valencia; works of:
The Broken Root
;
The Clash
;
The Forge
;
The Forging of a Rebel
;
Struggle for the Spanish Soul
;
Valor y miedo
;
The Track

Barea, Aurelia (first wife)

Barea, Ilsa Kulscar (second wife),
see
Kulscar, Ilsa

Barea, Miguel

Barker, George

Barnes, Margaret Ayer

Basque country; Nationalist offensive in; refugees from

Bauhaus architecture

BBC (British Broadcasting Company)

Beach, Sylvia

Bebb, Cecil

Beevor, Antony

Belchite, Battle of

Belgium; International Brigade volunteers from

Bell, Julian

Benes, Eduard

Benet, James

Benimamet

Bennett, Joan

Berengaria
(steamship)

Bergamín, José

Bergman, Ingrid

Beria, Lavrenti

Berlin

Berliner Illustrierte Zeitung

Berzin, General Jan

Besnyö, Eva

Bessie, Alvah

Bethune, Norman

Biarritz

Bilbao; Battle of

Bimini

Bishop, John Peale

BIZ

Black Arrows

Black Flames

Black Shirts

Black Star agency

Blair, Eric,
see
Orwell, George

Blitzstein, Marc;
The Cradle Will Rock

Blum, Léon

Boleslavskaya, “Bola”

Bolín, Luis

Bolsheviks

Borkenau, Franz

Bosshard, Walter

Bourke-White, Margaret

Bowers, Claude

Boyer, Charles

Brandt, Willy (Herbert Frahm)

Brassaï

Brecht, Bertholt

Brenan, Gerald

Breughel, Pieter,
Fall of Icarus

Brihuega

Brinton, Henry

Britain; Arturo and Ilsa Barea in; Communist Party of; evacuation of children in war zones to; in Great War; International Brigade volunteers from; MI5; nonintervention policy of; pacification policy toward Hitler of; in World War II;
see also
London

Brno

Brooks, Van Wyck

Browder, Earl

Bruce, Toby

Brunete; Battle of

Brunhoff, Cosette de

Brunner, Otto

Brussels

Buckley, Henry

Budapest

Budberg, Moura

Bukharin, Nikolai

Bullitt, William

Cachin, Marcel

Cadiz

Calvo Sotelo, José

Campbell, Alan

Canada

Canary Islands

Capa, Robert (Endre Erno [André] Friedmann); arrival in Spain of; in Barcelona; in Bilbao; in Cartagena; in China; at Córdoba front; death of;
Death in the Making
; “Falling Soldier” photograph by; family of; at Guadarrama; Gerda Taro photographed by; and Gerda Taro’s death; in Madrid; and Málaga refugees; “Mexican Suitcase” collection of photographs by; in Paris; at Segovia front; self-reinvention of; at Spanish refugee camps in France; at Teruel; in United States; in Valencia; Verdun battlefield visited by,; during World War II

Caporetto, Battle of

Carney, William P.

Cartagena

Cartier-Bresson, Henri

Casares Quiroga, Santiago

Castellón

Castillo, José de

Castro Delgado, Enrique

Catalonia; Generalitat of

Catholics; CEDA party supported by; reconquest of Spain by; Loyalist

CBS (Columbia Broadcasting Service)

CEDA (Confederación Española de Derechas Autónomas)

Centelles, Agustí

Cerf, Ruth

Cerro Muriano

Ce Soir

Ceuta (Morocco)

CGT (Confédération Général des Travailleurs)

Chamberlain, Neville

Chamson, André

Chapaiev Battalion

Chardack, Willi

Charles Scribner’s Sons publishing company,
see
Scribner’s publishing company

Chevalier, Maurice

Chiang Kai-shek

Chiang Kai-shek, Madame

Chicago

Chicago Tribune

China; Japanese invasion of

Chodorov, Jerome

Chou En-lai

Chrost, Antoni

Cimorra, Clemente

Civil Guard,
see
Guardia Civil

Clerical Workers’ Battalion

CNT (Confederación Nacional de Trabajo)

Cockburn, Claud

Colebaugh, Charles

Colette

Collier’s
magazine

Columbia (Mississippi)

Comintern

Communists; American; anti-Stalinist,
see
POUM; Austrian; British; Chinese; Dutch; French; German; Hungarian; Italian; Russian (
see also
Soviet Union); Spanish (
see also
Partido Comunista de España); Yugoslav

Companys, Luís

Condor Legion

Connelly, Marc

Connolly, Cyril

Contemporary Historians, Inc.

Contreras, Commandante Carlos (Vittorio Vidali)