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Chapter 18

  
1
. Ameres SL, Zamore PD. Diversifying microRNA sequence and function.
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol
. 2013 Aug;14(8):475–88

  
2
. For a more detailed description of classes of smallRNAs, see Castel SE, Martienssen RA. RNA interference in the nucleus: roles for small RNAs in transcription, epigenetics and beyond.
Nat Rev Genet
. 2013 Feb;14(2):100–12

  
3
. Kang SG, Liu WH, Lu P, Jin HY, Lim HW, Shepherd J, Fremgen D, Verdin E, Oldstone MB, Qi H, Teijaro JR, Xiao C. MicroRNAs of the miR-17∼92 family are critical regulators of T(FH) differentiation.
Nat Immunol
. 2013 Aug;14(8):849–57

  
4
. Baumjohann D, Kageyama R, Clingan JM, Morar MM, Patel S, de Kouchkovsky D, Bannard O, Bluestone JA, Matloubian M, Ansel KM, Jeker LT. The microRNA cluster miR-17∼92 promotes TFH cell differentiation and represses subset-inappropriate gene expression.
Nat Immunol
. 2013 Aug;14(8):840–8

  
5
. Tassano E, Di Rocco M, Signa S, Gimelli G. De novo 13q31.1-q32.1 interstitial deletion encompassing the miR-17-92 cluster in a patient with Feingold syndrome-2.
Am J Med Genet A
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http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/feingold-syndrome

  
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. Han YC, Ventura A. Control of T(FH) differentiation by a microRNA cluster.
Nat Immunol
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Hum Mol Genet
. 2014 Jan 15;23(2):368–82

10
. Subramanyam D, Lamouille S, Judson RL, Liu JY, Bucay N, Derynck R, Blelloch R. Multiple targets of miR-302 and miR-372 promote reprogramming of human fibroblasts to induced pluripotent stem cells.
Nat Biotechnol
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11
. Li Z, Yang CS, Nakashima K, Rana TM. Small RNA-mediated regulation of iPS cell generation.
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12
. Ameres SL, Zamore PD. Diversifying microRNA sequence and function.
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol
. 2013 Aug;14(8):475–88

13
. Huang TC, Sahasrabuddhe NA, Kim MS, Getnet D, Yang Y, Peterson JM, Ghosh B, Chaerkady R, Leach SD, Marchionni L, Wong GW, Pandey A. Regulation of lipid metabolism by Dicer revealed through SILAC mice.
J Proteome Res
. 2012 Apr 6;11(4):2193–205

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. Yi R, O’Carroll D, Pasolli HA, Zhang Z, Dietrich FS, Tarakhovsky A, Fuchs E. Morphogenesis in skin is governed by discrete sets of differentially expressed microRNAs.
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. Crist CG, Montarras D, Pallafacchina G, Rocancourt D, Cumano A, Conway SJ, Buckingham M. Muscle stem cell behavior is modified by microRNA-27 regulation of Pax3 expression.
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. Chen JF, Tao Y, Li J, Deng Z, Yan Z, Xiao X, Wang DZ. microRNA-1 and microRNA-206 regulate skeletal muscle satellite cell proliferation and differentiation by repressing Pax7.
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. da Costa Martins PA, Bourajjaj M, Gladka M, Kortland M, van Oort RJ, Pinto YM, Molkentin JD, De Windt LJ. Conditional dicer gene deletion in the postnatal myocardium provokes spontaneous cardiac remodeling.
Circulation
. 2008 Oct 7;118(15):1567–76

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. Konopka W, Kiryk A, Novak M, Herwerth M, Parkitna JR, Wawrzyniak M, Kowarsch A, Michaluk P, Dzwonek J, Arnsperger T, Wilczynski G, Merkenschlager M, Theis FJ, Köhr G, Kaczmarek L, Schütz G. MicroRNA loss enhances learning and memory in mice.
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21
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. 2008 Jul 31;59(2):274–87

22
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23
. Fernández-Hernando C, Baldán A. MicroRNAs and Cardiovascular Disease.
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. For a review, see for example Suzuki H, Maruyama R, Yamamoto E, Kai M. Epigenetic alteration and microRNA dysregulation in cancer.
Front Genet
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25
. Kleinman CL, Gerges N, Papillon-Cavanagh S, Sin-Chan P, Pramatarova A, Quang DA, Adoue V, Busche S, Caron M, Djambazian H, Bemmo A, Fontebasso AM, Spence T, Schwartzentruber J, Albrecht S, Hauser P, Garami M, Klekner A, Bognar L, Montes L, Staffa A, Montpetit A, Berube P, Zakrzewska M, Zakrzewski K, Liberski PP, Dong Z, Siegel PM, Duchaine T, Perotti C, Fleming A, Faury D, Remke M, Gallo M, Dirks P, Taylor MD, Sladek R, Pastinen T, Chan JA, Huang A, Majewski J, Jabado N. Fusion of TTYH1 with the C19MC microRNA cluster drives expression of a brain-specific DNMT3B isoform in the embryonal brain tumor ETMR.
Nat Genet
. 2014 Jan;46(1):39–44

26
. Song SJ, Poliseno L, Song MS, Ala U, Webster K, Ng C, Beringer G, Brikbak NJ, Yuan X, Cantley LC, Richardson AL, Pandolfi PP. MicroRNA-antagonism regulates breast cancer stemness and metastasis via TET-family-dependent chromatin remodeling.
Cell
. 2013 Jul 18;154(2):311–24

27
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28
. Chen W, Cai F, Zhang B, Barekati Z, Zhong XY. The level of circulating miRNA-10b and miRNA-373 in detecting lymph node metastasis of breast cancer: potential biomarkers.
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29
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30
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Chapter 19

  
1
. See
http://www.fiercepharma.com/special-reports/15-best-selling-drugs-2012
for a summary of the best-selling drugs in recent years

  
2
. There are multiple blogs in this area, for example
http://biopharmconsortium.com/rnai-therapeutics-stage-a-comeback

  
3
. More information can be found at
http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/transthyretin-amyloidosis

  
4
.
http://investors.alnylam.com/releasedetail.cfm?ReleaseID=805999