Mary Tudor (59 page)

^[200]
M. R. Thorpe, ‘Religion and the Rebellion of Sir Thomas Wyatt’,
Church History
, 47 (1978), pp. 363-80.

^[201]
Harbison,
Rival Ambassadors
, explores this involvement thoroughly in chapters 4 and 5.

^[202]
Renard to the Emperor, 18 January 1554.
Cal. Span
., XII, p. 34.

^[203]
Noailles to Montmorency, 12 January 1554, cited by Harbison,
Rival Ambassadors
, p. 119.

^[204]
TNA SP11 /3, no. 18 (i). Testimony of Sir Anthony Norton.

^[205]
J. Proctor,
The History of Wyats Rebellion
(1554), reprinted in A. F. Pollard,
Tudor Tracts
(1903), pp. 229-30.

^[206]
‘And touching the marriage, her Highness affirmed that nothing was done herein by herself alone, but with consent and advisement of the whole Council upon deliberate consultation …’ Proctor,
History
, p. 239. There is no evidence of any such consultation until after the decision had been made.

^[207]
The Chronicle of Queen Jane
, p. 49. The author was not overly sympathetic to the government.

^[208]
Rodriguez Salgado,
The Changing Face of Empire
, pp. 82-5.

^[209]
The Chronicle of Queen Jane
, p. 54.

^[210]
Ibid., pp. 73-4.

^[211]
178 out of nearly 30,000. G. R. Elton,
Policy and Police
(1972), p. 389.

^[212]
AGS Patronato Real, 7. A secret instrument
ad cautelam
is enclosed with the copy of the marriage treaty preserved at Simancas.
Cal. Span
., XII, p. 4.

^[213]
Rodriguez Salgado,
The Changing Face of Empire
, pp. 85-8.

^[214]
Renard to the Bishop of Arras, 7 January 1554.
Cal. Span
., XII, p. 15.

^[215]
For a discussion of the position of the
femme couvert
and her property rights, see
The Lawes Resolution of Womens Rights, or the Lawes Provision for Woemen
, by ‘E.T.’ (London, 1632).

^[216]
Loach,
Parliament and the Crown
, pp. 96-7.

^[217]
Commendone had come on behalf of Geronimo Dandino, papal legate in the Low Countries, the previous September. For a general consideration of the progress of the religious reaction, see E. Duffy and D. Loades (eds),
The Church of Mary Tudor
(2006).

^[218]
Loades,
Reign of Mary
, pp. 124-6.

^[219]
Cal. Span
., XII, p. 216.
Loach, Parliament and the Crown
, pp. 97-9.

^[220]
Ibid., p. 98.

^[221]
Cal. Span
., XII, p. 251.

^[222]
Renard to the Emperor, 13 May 1554
Cal. Span
., XII, pp. 250-4.

^[223]
Thomas F. Mayer,
Reginald Pole, Prince and Prophet
(2000), pp. 60-1.

^[224]
TNA SP11 /4, no. 10.

^[225]
Cal. Span
., XII, pp. 297-9.

^[226]
Ambassadors to the Emperor, 22–25 May 1554.
Cal. Span
., XII, p. 258.

^[227]
‘The officers appointed for his Highness’s service have been living at Southampton at great expense for a long time, and are now beginning to leave that place, speaking strangely of his Highness.’ Renard to the Emperor, 9 July 1554.
Cal. Span
., XII, p. 309.

^[228]
Loades,
Mary Tudor
, p. 223.

^[229]
‘John Elder’s Letter, describing the arrival and marriage of King Philip …’,
Chronicle of Queen Jane
, Appendix X, pp. 139-40.

^[230]
Ibid., p. 140.

^[231]
Ruy Gomez (Philip’s secretary) to Francisco de Eraso, 27 July 1554, commenting on Mary’s appearance and demeanour during the wedding service. He also added that she had kept her eyes fixed on the sacrament throughout, and was ‘a perfect saint’.
Cal. Span
., XIII, p. 2.

^[232]
In Spanish, ‘
Que yo no quiero amores, / en Ingalterra, / pues otros mejores / tengo yo in mi tierra
…’, Fernando Diaz-Plaja (ed.),
La Historia de Espana en sus Documentos
(1958), p. 149.

^[233]
The Chronicle of Queen Jane
, Appendix XI. ‘The Marriage of Queen Mary and King Philip’ (the official heralds’ account).

^[234]
Ibid.

^[235]
The Chronicle of Queen Jane
, p. 170. Edward Underhill’s account.

^[236]
Tres Cartas de to sucedido en el viaje de su Alteza in Inglaterra
(1877), Primera Carta, p. 111.

^[237]
Ibid.

^[238]
Tres Cartas
, Tercera Carta, p. 102.

^[239]
Cal. Span
., XIII, p. 11.

^[240]
Loades,
Mary Tudor
, p. 177.

^[241]
Judith M. Richards, ‘Mary Tudor as “Sole Quene”? Gendering Tudor Monarchy’,
Historical Journal
, 40 (1997) pp. 895-924.

^[242]
Cal. Span
., XIII, p. 11.

^[243]
Glyn Redworth, “‘Matters impertinent to women”; male and female monarchy under Philip and Mary’,
English Historical Review
, 112 (1997), pp. 597-613.

^[244]
S. Anglo,
Spectacle, Pageantry and Early Tudor Policy
(1969), pp. 56-98. The pageants offered on that occasion had been a
tour de force
of humanist imagination.

^[245]
‘John Elder’s Letter’,
Chronicle of Queen Jane
, p. 146. See also Anglo,
Spectacle
, pp. 327-38.

^[246]
‘The ambassador,’ he wrote, ‘gets everything in a muddle. However, I do not blame him, but rather the person who sent a man of his small attainments to conduct so capital an affair as this match, instead of entrusting it to a Spaniard.’ Renard was a Franc-Comptois, and the dig is at Antoine de Perrenot, Bishop of Arras. 23 August 1554.
Cal. Span
., XIII, p. 35.

^[247]
Ibid., p. 33.

^[248]
Machyn,
Diary
, pp. 69, 72.

^[249]
Archivo General de Simancas, CMC la E, legajo 1184.

^[250]
Redworth, ‘“Matters impertinent’’’. Mary had instructed the select council that they were to ‘tell the king the whole state of the realm’, but they seem to have used their judgement in interpreting that.

^[251]
For a discussion of Philip’s impact on the court during 1554–5, see D. Loades,
Intrigue and Treason: The Tudor Court 1547–58
(2004), pp. 178-213.

^[252]
Cal. Span
., XIII, p. 28.

^[253]
William Forrest,
A Newe Ballad of the Marigolde
(1554).

^[254]
Cal. Ven
., VI, p. 10. A memorandum on developments concerning Church property.