Phoenix Program (84 page)

La Penca, bombing at,
427–428

Lapham, Lewis,
112
,
116
,
123
,
172
,
174–176
,
188
,
255
,
277

Lapitosa, Phil,
310

Lathram, Wade,
115
,
142

Latin America, CIA operations in,
77

Law, William,
144
,
183–184

Lawlor, Bruce,
407–410

Lawton, Gilbert,
36

Leaping Lena program,
12
,
61
,
75

Ledford, Dick,
352
,
354

Le Doan Hung,
262

Le Duan,
38
Legal Times,
428

Lemire, Lieutenant Colonel,
182
,
189
,
190

Lemoyne, Charles,
255
,
339

Lemoyne, James,
339

Le Ngoc Tru,
187

Le Quang Tung,
52

Leslie, Mike,
123

Letelier, Orlando,
357
,
361

Le Tri Tin,
407

Le Van An,
413

Le Van Thu,
292–293

Le Xuan Mai,
44
,
59
,
65
,
67
,
68
,
72
,
159

Liddy, Gordon,
337

Likert, Rensis,
129

LLDB (Luc Luong Duc Biet),
26–27
,
52

Loan, Nguyen Ngoc,
see
Nguyen Ngoc Loan

“local initiatives,”
45
,
54–55
,
91

Lodge, Henry Cabot,
113
,
115

Loi Nguyen Tan,
184–186
,
189
,
232–234
,
262
,
263
,
322

Lombardi, Vince,
176

Lon Nol,
327–328
,
329

Loomis, Patry,
357
,
394
,
407

Lowe, Bob,
93

Luce, Don,
347–350

Lu Lam,
159
,
303
,
353
,
355

Luu Kim Cuong,
187n

Lybrand, John,
152
,
190

Ly Trong Song,
262
,
374

MAAG (Military Assistance and Advisory Group), U.S.,
24
,
31
,
42
,
45–46

McAfee, Gage,
386
,
387

McCann, Michael,
300n

McCarthy, Emmett,
24

McCarthy, Eugene,
176
,
177

McCarthy, John,
211

McCarthy, Roger,
355

McChristian, Joseph,
86–87
,
120
,
124
,
135
,
146
,
176
,
211
,
267
,
273

McCloskey, Pete,
377
,
379
,
382

McCoid, Chester,
367
,
371–373
,
374
,
385
,
390

McCoid, Dorothy,
371

McCollum, Doug,
97–98
,
161–162
,
341
,
413

McCord, James,
415

McCoy, Tom,
177
,
259

MacDonald, John E.,
182

MacFarlane, Robert,
424

McGarvey, Pat,
62

McGehee, Ralph,
271–272
,
274–275
,
305–306

McGrevey, Thomas P.,
329–330
,
331

Mackem, Walter,
55–56

Mackin, Roger,
351
,
352
,
354

McLendon, Luther,
394n

McManaway, Clayton,
257
,
314

McNamara, Robert,
177
,
258

MACV (Military Assistance Command, Vietnam),
42
,
75
,
94–96
,
116
,
118
,
273
,
300

Phoenix program and,
57
,
86–88
,
115
,
126
,
131
,
135–137
,
176
,
182
,
190
,
204–205
,
207
,
209
,
211–212
,
224
,
276
,
318
,
355–356

MACV Directive
381–41
,
137–139
,
188

McWade, Henry,
227–230
,
262
,
263
,
269
,
271

Maddox, Gary,
394

Maddox,
USS,
53

Magsaysay, Ramon,
25

Mai Huu Xuan,
53

Mai Viet Dich,
262

Malaya, intelligence methods developed in,
73
,
79
,
92
,
125
,
299

Mandich, Ben,
296

Mann, Charlie,
93

Manopoli, John,
93
,
136–137
,
366
,
391

Manzione, Elton,
9–13
,
53
,
60–61
,
63
,
170
,
194–197
,
202
,
207
,
285
,
338
,
340

Manzione, Lynn,
9

Mao, Major,
352
,
355

March Against Death,
309
,
312

Marks, John,
77
,
414
,
415

Martin, Graham,
412
,
415–416

Mason, John,
278–279
,
284
,
308
,
328–329
,
367–368
,
371
,
373
,
377

Matisse, Mr.,
72

Mattson, Robert,
116

Melton, William,
180

Methven, Stu,
44–45
,
55
,
59
,
63–64
,
65
,
320

Meyers, Ray,
400

Milberg, Warren,
107
,
108
,
144
,
154–155
,
163
,
202
,
203
,
207
,
219
,
226

ideological convictions of,
193–194
,
196–198

interviews with,
178–179
,
181
,
192–193
,
194
,
199–201

Manzione compared with,
195

Millett, Lew,
395
,
396

Mills, Hawthorne,
314

Minh Van Dang,
371

Minneapolis Tribune,
264

Mitchell, David,
342

Mitchum, Robert,
76

Mitrione, Dan,
413

Monk, Harry “The Hat,”
70

Monopoly, General,
267
,
270

Montagnards,
44
,
76
,
106
,
162

Moorehead, William,
376

Moran, Joe,
330

Morrison, John,
394

Morse, Lieutenant,
125

motivational indoctrination,
58
,
75
,
426

Mountain Scouts program,
44–46
,
51
,
60

Mountbatten, Lord Louis,
23

Moynihan, Daniel,
270

MSS (Military Security Service),
87
,
99
,
121
,
123
,
176
,
212
,
213
,
301
,
306
,
308
,
353

MSUG (Michigan State University Group),
31–32
,
35

Muldoon, John Patrick “Picadoon,”
76–86
,
91
,
104
,
109

Murphy, Ed,
308–311
,
312
,
326
,
338
,
347

Mustakos, Harry,
201

My Lai massacre,
181
,
297
,
315
,
342–347
,
426
,
428

Namath, Joe,
338

National Police,
92
,
118
,
353

MACV's relationship with,
95–96
,
118

Phoenix program and,
261
,
270
,
363
,
369

Phung Hoang and,
232
,
322

PICs and,
81–82

PRU and,
294–296
,
316

see also
Field Police; Special Branch

National Revolution Movement,
28

National Security Action Memorandum
273
,
53

National Social Democratic Front,
304

Navy, U.S.,
164
,
168

Nazis,
198

neutralization, neutralization rates,
13
,
190–191
,
287

Newman, James,
371

New Patterns of Management
(Likert),
129

Newsweek,
313
,
330

New Yorker,
275

New York Herald Tribune,
107

New York Times,
68
,
276
,
308
,
321
,
339
,
342
,
348
,
363
,
378
,
386
,
405
,
412

Ngo Cong Duc,
217
,
293

Ngo Dinh Can,
24

Ngo Dinh Diem,
47
,
51
,
62–63
,
71
,
121
,
176
,
213
,
304
,
332
, 335

assassination of,
53
,
334

CIA support for,
24–27

coups against,
38
,
52–54
,
179

internal security as concern of,
27–29
,
31–32
,
41–42

Ngo Dinh Nhu,
24
,
27
,
28
,
29
,
38
,
41
,
42
,
50–53
,
54
,
213
,
294

Ngo Dinh Thuc,
24
,
52

Ngo Vinh Long,
50

Nguyen Bao Thuy,
187

Nguyen Be,
58
,
70
,
159
,
262

Nguyen Cao Ky,
42
,
54
,
69
,
71
,
120
,
121
,
145
,
148
,
176
,
179
,
186–188
,
265
,
417

Nguyen Cao Thang,
304

Nguyen Chi Thanh,
90

Nguyen Duc Khoi,
355

Nguyen Duc Thang,
71
,
159

Nguyen Hiop,
285

Nguyen Huu Tho,
90

Nguyen Khac Binh,
188
,
295
,
395
,
419

Nguyen Khanh,
179
,
189

Nguyen Loc Hoa,
37

Nguyen Mau,
123
,
187
,
305–306
,
308
,
393

Nguyen Minh Chau,
348

Nguyen Minh Tan,
352
,
418

Nguyen Ngoc Huy,
24
,
28
,
29
,
54
,
64
,
69
,
181
,
186
,
187
,
256
,
303
,
320
,
411
,
421

Nguyen Ngoc Le,
27

Nguyen Ngoc Loan,
87
,
120
,
156
,
186–187
,
188
,
417

as National Police director,
69
,
95
,
141

notoriety of,
180

Phoenix program opposed by,
121–123
,
135n
,
145–147

Tet offensive predicted by,
148–149
,
176

Nguyen Ngoc Xinh,
120
,
187

Nguyen Nuoi,
287

Nguyen Psu Sanh,
292

Nguyen Thi Bah,
286

Nguyen Tien,
121
,
187
,
352

Nguyen Ton Hoan,
54
,
69

Nguyen Tuy,
51

Nguyen Van Dai,
96
,
316–317
,
356

Nguyen Van Giau,
374
,
394
,
414
,
418

Nguyen Van Hong,
262

Nguyen Van Khoi,
200

Nguyen Van Kia,
285

Nguyen Van Lang,
256
,
294
,
316
,
352
,
394

Nguyen Van Loc,
148
,
180

Nguyen Van Luan,
120
,
187

Nguyen Van Phuoc,
212
,
213
,
224

Nguyen Van Tai,
221–222

Nguyen Van Thieu,
50
,
64
,
71
,
74
,
145
,
295
,
320
,
322
,
368
,
411

CIA support for,
174
,
176
,
274
,
385