Purgatorio (39 page)

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Authors: Dante

BOOK: Purgatorio
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there, on the sacred chariot, rose up   

   

               
ad vocem tanti senis
, one hundred   

18
           
ministers and messengers of life eternal.

               
All were chanting:
‘Benedictus qui venis’
and,   

               
tossing flowers up into the air and all around them,   

21
           
‘Manibus,
oh,
date lilïa plenis!’
   

               
At break of day, I have seen the sky,

               
its eastern parts all rosy

24
           
and the rest serene and clear

               
even as the sun’s face rose obscured

               
so that through tempering mist

27
           
the eye could bear it longer,

               
thus, within that cloud of blossoms

               
rising from angelic hands and fluttering

30
           
back down into the chariot and around it,

               
olive-crowned above a veil of white   

               
appeared to me a lady, beneath a green mantle,

33
           
dressed in the color of living flame.

               
And in my spirit, which for so long a time   

               
had not been overcome with awe

36
           
that used to make me tremble in her presence—

               
even though I could not see her with my eyes—

               
through the hidden force that came from her I felt

39
           
the overwhelming power of that ancient love.   

               
As soon as that majestic force,   

               
which had already pierced me once

42
           
before I had outgrown my childhood, struck my eyes,

               
I turned to my left with the confidence   

               
a child has running to his
mamma

45
           
when he is afraid or in distress

               
to say to Virgil: ‘Not a single drop of blood

               
remains in me that does not tremble—

48
           
I know the signs of the ancient flame.’   

               
But Virgil had departed, leaving us bereft:   

               
Virgil, sweetest of fathers,

51
           
Virgil, to whom I gave myself for my salvation.

               
And not all our ancient mother lost   

               
could save my cheeks, washed in the dew,

54
           
from being stained again with tears.   

               
‘Dante, because Virgil has departed,   

               
do not weep, do not weep yet—   

57
           
there is another sword to make you weep.’

               
Just like an admiral who moves from stern to prow   

               
to see the men that serve the other ships

60
           
and urge them on to better work,

               
so on the left side of the chariot—

               
as I turned when I heard her call my name,

63
           
which of necessity is here recorded—   

               
I saw the lady, who had just appeared

               
veiled beneath the angels’ celebration,   

66
           
fix her eyes on me from across the stream.

               
Although the veil, encircled with Minerva’s leaves

               
and descending from her head,   

69
           
did not allow me unrestricted sight,

               
regally, with scorn still in her bearing,

               
she continued like one who, even as he speaks,

72
           
holds back his hottest words:

               
‘Look over here! I am, I truly am Beatrice.   

               
How did you dare approach the mountain?

75
           
Do you not know that here man lives in joy?’

               
I lowered my eyes to the clear water.   

               
But when I saw myself reflected, I drew them back

78
           
toward the grass, such shame weighed on my brow.

               
As a mother may seem overbearing to her child,

               
so she seemed to me, for the taste

81
           
of such stern pity is a bitter taste.

               
Then she fell silent and at once   

               
the angels sang:
‘In te, Domine, speravi,’

84
           
but did not sing past
‘pedes meos.’

               
Even as the snow among those living beams   

   

               
that grow along the spine of Italy is frozen

87
           
when blown and packed by the Slavonian winds

               
but then, dissolving, melts into itself

               
if the land that casts no shadow merely breathes,

90
           
acting like a flame that makes a candle melt,

               
just so was I with neither tears nor sighs

               
before they sang who always are in tune

93
           
with notes set down in the eternal spheres,

               
but, when their lovely harmonies revealed

               
their sympathy for me, more than if they’d said:

96
           
‘Lady, why do you torment him so?’

               
the ice that had confined my heart

               
was turned to breath and water and in anguish

99
           
flowed from my breast through eyes and mouth.

               
As yet she stood, motionless,

               
on the same side of the chariot,

102
         
then turned her words to the pitying angels:

               
‘You keep your watch in the eternal day   

   

               
so neither night nor sleep deprives you

105
         
of a single step that time takes in its course.

               
‘Therefore my response is made with greater care

               
that he who is weeping over there should listen,

108
         
so that his sin and sorrow be of equal measure.

               
‘Not only by the working of the wheels above   

               
that urge each seed to a certain end

111
         
according to the stars that cluster with them,

               
‘but by grace, abundant and divine,

               
which rains from clouds so high above

114
         
our sight cannot come near them,

               
‘this man in his new life potentially was such   

               
that each good disposition in him

117
         
would have come to marvelous conclusion,

               
‘but the richer and more vigorous the soil,   

   

               
when planted ill and left to go to seed,

120
         
the wilder and more noxious it becomes.

               
‘For a time I let my countenance sustain him.

               
Guiding him with my youthful eyes,

123
         
I drew him with me in the right direction.

               
‘Once I had reached the threshold of my second age,   

               
when I changed lives, he took himself from me

126
         
and gave himself to others.

               
‘When I had risen to spirit from my flesh,

               
as beauty and virtue in me became more rich,

129
         
to him I was less dear and less than pleasing.

               
‘He set his steps upon an untrue way,

               
pursuing those false images of good

132
         
that bring no promise to fulfillment—

               
‘useless the inspiration I sought and won for him,

               
as both with dreams and other means   

135
         
I called him back, so little did he heed them.

               
‘He sank so low that every instrument

               
for his salvation now fell short—

138
         
except to make him see souls in perdition.

               
‘And so I visited the threshold of the dead   

               
and, weeping, offered up my prayers

141
         
to the one who has conducted him this far.

               
‘Broken would be the high decree of God   

               
should Lethe be crossed and its sustenance

               
be tasted without payment of some fee:

145
         
his penitence that shows itself in tears.’

OUTLINE: PURGATORIO XXXI

The Church Triumphant in the Garden: climax

I. Confession

1–6
   
Beatrice’s “sword”: “Dante, confess”
7–9
   
Dante’s voice will not come forth, so confounded is he
10–12
   
Beatrice insists
13–15
   
Dante’s “yes” requires a lip-reader
16–21
   
simile: overstressed crossbow: guilt-laden Dante:: arrow that hits mark without full force: Dante’s tears, sighs
22–30
   
Beatrice as confessor: “when you desired God through your love of me, what ditches beset your path, what chains held you back? and what attractions did you find in the face of other goods?”
31–36
   
Dante, barely voicing his sins: “present things, with their false pleasure, turned me from you as soon as you were dead”
37–42
   
Beatrice accepts his confession, good in that he makes it voluntarily, even though it is already known to God

II. Contrition

43–48
   
Beatrice: so that he feel just shame and be prepared to withstand similar Siren-song, he should cease weeping and hear how her buried flesh should have led him right:
49–63
   
since she was the utmost of mortal beauty that he ever saw, how could he have sought any other mortal thing to replace her? the first arrowshot of things deceitful should have warned him off and directed him to her, who was no longer mortal (and thus “deceiving”); no young girl or other new thing of brief durance should have made his wings heavy, subject to other bowshots: the young bird may stay still for two or three, but in the sight of the adult bird arrows and nets are deployed in vain
64–66
   
simile: repentant scolded children and Dante
67–69
   
Beatrice: since he is grieved by what he has heard, now he should grieve because of what he shall see
70–75
   
simile: an oak uprooted by the wind, whether Italian or African, is more easily pulled up by the roots than his chin moves up at her command to behave like a man
76–84
   
Dante sees Beatrice turned toward the two-natured griffin; even veiled she seems to surpass her former mortal self more than that self surpassed all other mortal women
85–90
   
Dante’s contrition is complete as he hates what once he wrongly loved; he falls insensate

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