Replay: The History of Video Games (83 page)

‘United Airlines Officials Toy With Airborne Computer Games’ (1984)
Ocala Star-Banner.
Ocala, Florida. 8 June 1984. p9B.

United Airlines plans to offer in-flight games to passengers

‘Video games – are they killing rock and roll?’ (1982)
Electronic Fun with Computers & Games
. Volume 1, No. 1, November 1982. p17

Decline in record sales as video games take off

‘Video game gift guide’ (1983)
Video Games
. Volume 1, Number 4, January 1983. p44

Pretzel Invaders and other video game merchandise

Williams, Dmitri (2006) ‘A (brief) social history of video games’. In: Vorderer, Peter and Bryant, Jennings (editors) (2006)
Playing Computer Games: Motives, Responses and Consequences.
Mahwah, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum. [Online]
http://dmitriwilliams.com/research.html
[Last accessed: 6 March 2010]

US video game sales data

Woodbury, R., Alexander, C. P. and Towle, L. (1983) ‘Video games go crunch!’.
Time.
Monday 17 October 1983. [Online]
www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,952210,00.html
[last accessed: 11 March 2010]

Post-crash view on the boom years

‘Z-Z-Zap! Atari, Bally shooting it out for the arcade game business’ (1980)
The Milwaukee Journal.
Tuesday 26 August 1980. Part 2, p10

Report on the arcade industry in 1980

8. Devilish Contraptions

2 supervisors oppose video games’ (1982)
Milwaukee Sentinel.
Tuesday 11 May 1982. Part 1, p5

Politicians react to public fears about video games

Albright Jr., Ronald G. (1985)
The Orphan Chronicles.
San Dimas, California: Millers Graphics

Account of the battle between Texas Instruments and Commodore

‘Atari Corporation’ (2004)
International Directory of Company Histories
, Volume 66. Farmington Hills, Michigan: St James Press. [Online]
www.fundinguniverse.com/company-histories/Atari-Corporation-Company-History.html
[Last accessed: 2 March 2010]

History of Atari Inc.

Atari Inc. (1982) ‘Operator of the ’80s’: Stewart Burch of Cotati, CA’.
Atari Coin Connection
, Volume 6, Number 1, February 1982

Profile of an arcade that has restricted under 18s access to counter parental fears

Atari Inc. (1982) ‘Atari launches community awareness program for video games’.
Atari Coin Connection
, Volume 6, Number 3, April/May 1982. p1

Atari’s Community Awareness Program

‘Atari parts are dumped’ (1983)
New York Times
, 28 September 1983, pD-4

Report on the Atari landfill incident

‘Atari refuses to let the video game fad die’ (1984)
Business Week
, 21 May 1984, p46

James Morgan on taking over Atari

‘Atari suing to halt X-rated video games’ (1982)
The Tuscaloosa News
. Tuscaloosa-Northport, Alabama. Sunday 17 October 1982. p12A

Atari reacts to Custer Revenge

Bagnall, Brian (2007)
On the Edge: The Spectacular Rise and Fall of Commodor
e. Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada: Variant Press

Details of Commodore’s VIC-20 and Commodore 64 home computers

Bailey, Adam J. (2007)
The Atari Landfill Revealed
. [Online] Archived at:
http://web.archive.org/web/20071213195747/http://atari.digital-madman.com
[Last accessed: 6 March 2010]

Investigation examining the Atari landfill incident

‘Bally Manufacturing Corporation’ (1991)
International Directory of Company Histories
, Volume 3, St. James Press, 1991. [Online]
www.fundinguniverse.com/company-histories/BALLY-MANUFACTURING-CORPORATION-Company-History.html
[Last accessed: 11 March 2010]

History of Bally

Bloom, Steve (1983) ‘Parker Brothers strikes back’
Video Games
, Volume 1, Number 4, January 1983. p50-53 & 56

Interview about Parker Brothers’ entry into the home video game business

Bloom, Steve (1983) ‘Video Games interview: Bill Grubb and Dennis Koble’.
Video Games
. Volume 1, Number 4, January 1983. pp22-29 & 81

Interview with Imagic’s founders

Brown, Z., Greenberg, D. and Rubin, J. (1982) ‘Community restricts video games’.
Pittsburgh Post-Gazette
. 22 July 1982. p8

Rules imposed on arcades

Callistien, Debbie (1981) ‘Belleair Bluffs receives static over video games’.
The Evening Independent
, St Petersburg, Florida. 21 October 1981, p12-A

Council debates control of arcades

Collins, Glenn (1981) ‘Are video games harmless?’.
The Spokesman-Review
. Spokane, Washington. Tuesday 8 September 1981. p18

Public fears about video games

‘Commodore International Ltd’ (1993)
International Directory of Company Histories
, Volume 7, St. James Press, 1993. [Online]
www.fundinguniverse.com/company-histories/Commodore-International-Ltd-Company-History.html
[Last accessed: 11 March 2010]

History of Commodore

‘Computer or video games’ (1983)
The New York Times
. 28 April 1983. [Online]
www.nytimes.com/1983/04/28/business/computer-or-video-games.html?&pagewanted=all
[Last accessed: 7 March 2010]

Home computers challenge home consoles

‘Control of Space Invaders and Other Electronic Games’ (1981)
Hansard
. House of Commons debate, 20 May 1981, Vol. 5, cc287-91 [Online]
http://hansard.millbanksystems.com/commons/1981/may/20/control-of-space-invaders-and-other#S6CV0005P0_19810520_HOC_167
[Last accessed: 6 March 2010]

UK Parliament debate on restricting Space Invaders and video game arcades

Del Giudice, Vincent and Keene, Thomas R. (2009) ‘U.S. Joblessness may reach 13 percent, Rosenberg says’.
Bloomberg.com
. 9 November 2009. [Online]
www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601087&sid=aHmxIMR1DFq0
[Last accessed: 6 March 2010]

Report comparing unemployment levels in the early 1980s and late 2000s recessions

Fisher, Anne B. (1986) ‘Glamour: Getting it or getting it back’.
Fortune.
12 May 1986. [Online]
http://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/fortune_archive/1986/05/12/67557/index.htm
[Last accessed: 6 March 2010]

The impact of the crash on Atari and Warner Communications

Heard, Alex (1981) ‘Court to rule on age-limit law for video-game parlors’.
Education Week
. 16 November 1981. [Online]
www.edweek.org/login.html?source=http://www.edweek.org/ew/articles/1981/11/16/01110065.h01.html&destination=http://www.edweek.org/ew/articles/1981/11/16/01110065.h01.html&levelId=2100
[Last accessed: 6 March 2010]

Public fears about video games

‘Here comes…Pac-Man-imation!’ (1982)
Electronic Fun with Computers & Games
. Volume 1, No. 1, November 1982. pp44-46

Feature on the Pac-Man cartoon series

Hulse, Ed (1982) ‘Games go Hollywood’.
Electronic Fun with Computers & Games
. Volume 1, No. 1, November 1982. pp22-27 & 97

Report on movie studios moving into video game business

‘Indo ban on video games begin’ (1981)
New Straits Times
. Saturday 19 December 1981, p16

Indonesia bans video games

Jacobson, Mark (1983) ‘Zen and the art of Donkey Kong’.
Video Games
. Volume 1, Number 4, January 1983. pp30-33

Eugene Jarvis interview

Johnson, Tim (1981) ‘Video games are targets of two ordinances in Belleair Bluffs’.
St. Petersburg Times
, Florida. Wednesday 18 November 1981. p9

Video games face restrictions

Kennedy, David (1981) ‘Video games turn youths into junkies’.
Boca Raton News
. 16 August 1981. p8B

Fears about video games

Knox, Andrea (1984) ‘Amusements: Pinball gains, video games lose ground in some areas’.
The Evening Independent
, St Petersburg, Florida. Tuesday 20 March 1984. p4-B

How the crash is reducing arcades’ interest in video games

Koop, C. Everett (1982) ‘Family violence: A chronic public health issue’. [Speech] Western Psychiatric Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. 9 November 1982.

The lecture given by the US Surgeon General prior to his comments about video games

Koop, C. Everett (1982) ‘Statement by Dr. E. Koop, Surgeon General’. [Press release] 10 November 1982.

The Surgeon General clarifies his comments on video games

Kraft, Scott (1982) ‘Computer game invasion at full tilt’.
The Free Lance-Star
. Fredericksburg, Virginia. Saturday 2 January 1982. p19

Space Invaders wrist and public fears about arcades

Lee, Jeff (1998) ‘The History of Q*Bert’. Unpublished

The creation of Q*Bert

Leibowitz, David (1983) ‘Year of the home computer’.
Video Games
. Volume 1, Number 4, January 1983. pp75 & 80

Report on how home computers may effect on video game consoles