The Domesticated Brain (38 page)

Read The Domesticated Brain Online

Authors: Bruce Hood

Tags: #Science, #Life Sciences, #Neuroscience

BOOK: The Domesticated Brain
7.48Mb size Format: txt, pdf, ePub
75
. Lawrence Kohlberg (1963), ‘Development of children’s orientation towards a moral order (Part I). Sequencing in the development of moral thought’,
Vita Humana
, 6, 11–36.
76
. B. M. DePaulo and D. A. Kashy (1998), ‘Everyday lies in close and casual relationships’,
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
, 74, 63–79.
77
. B. M. DePaulo, D. A. Kashy, S. E. Kirkendol, M. M. Wyer and J. A. Epstein (1996), ‘Lying in everyday life’,
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
, 70, 979–95.
78
. William von Hippel and Robert Trivers (2011), ‘The evolution and psychology of self-deception’,
Behavioral and Brain Sciences
, 34, 1–56.
79
. Robert Trivers (1976), Foreword, in R. Dawkins,
The Selfish Gene
, Oxford University Press, pp. 19–20.
80
. M. D. Alicke and C. Sedikides (2009), ‘Self-enhancement and self-protection: What they are and what they do’,
European Review of Social Psychology
, 20, 1–48.
81
. Tali Sharot (2012),
The Optimism Bias: A Tour of the Irrationally Positive Brain
, London: Vintage.
82
. C. Ward Struthers, Judy Eaton, Alexander G. Santelli, Melissa Uchiyama and Nicole Shirvani (2008), ‘The effects of attributions of intent and apology on forgiveness: When saying sorry may not help the story’,
Journal of Experimental Social Psychology
, 44, 983–92.
83
. S. Harris, S. A. Sheth and M. S. Cohen (2007), ‘Functional Neuroimaging of belief, disbelief and uncertainty’,
Annals of Neurology
, 63, 141–7.
84
. M. Main and C. George (1985), ‘Responses of young abused and disadvantaged toddlers to distress in age mates’,
Developmental Psychology
, 21, 407–12.
85
. S. Johnson, C. S. Dweck and F. Chen (2007), ‘Evidence for infants’ internal working models of attachment’,
Psychological Science
, 18, 501–2.

CHAPTER 6

1
. Shane Bauer, ‘Solitary in Iran nearly broke me. Then I went inside America’s prisons’,
http://www.motherjones.com/politics/2012/10/solitaryconfinement-shane-bauer
,
Mother Jones
, December 2012, retrieved October 2013.
2
. Nelson Mandela (1994),
Long Walk to Freedom
, London: Little Brown, p. 52.
3
. Reuters, ‘U.S. Bureau of Prisons to review solitary confinement’,
http://www.nytimes.com/reuters/2013/02/04/us/04reuters-usa-prisons-solitary.html?ref=solitaryconfinement
,
New York Times
, February 2013, retrieved February 2013.
4
. Joshua Foer and Michel Siffre (2008), ‘Caveman: An Interview with Michel Siffre’,
http://www.cabinetmagazine.org/issues/30/foer.php
,
Cabinet Magazine
, 1ssue 30.
5
. Michel Siffre, ‘Six Months Alone in a Cave,’
National Geographic
(March 1975), 426–435.
6
. J. S. House, K. R. Landis and D. Umberson (1988), ‘Social relationships and health’,
Science
, 241, 540–45.
7
. John T. Cacioppo, James H. Fowler and Nicholas A. Christakis (2009), ‘Alone in the crowd: The structure and spread of loneliness in a large social network’,
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
, 97, 977–91.
8
. Charles Darwin (1872),
The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals
, London: John Murray.
9
. J. M. Susskind
et al.
(2008), ‘Expressing fear enhances sensory acquisition’,
Nature Neuroscience
, 11, 843–50.
10
. V. Gallese, L. Fadiga, L. Fogassi and G. Rizzolatti (1996), ‘Action recognition in the premotor cortex’,
Brain
, 119, 593–609.
11
. C. Keysers (2011),
The Empathic Brain
, Los Gatos, CA: Smashwords ebook.
12
. This claim was made by the eminent neuroscientist Vilayanur Ramachandran and is related in C. Keysers (2011),
The Empathic Brain
, Los Gatos, CA: Smashwords ebook.
13
. R. Mukamel, A. D. Ekstrom, J. Kaplan, M. Iacoboni and I. Fried (2010), ‘Single-neuron responses in humans during execution and observation of actions’,
Current Biology
, 20, 750–56.
14
. Cecilia Heyes (2010), ‘Where do mirror neurons come from?’,
Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews
, 34, 575–83.
15
. Neha Mahajan & Karen Wynn (2012), ‘Origins of “Us” versus “Them”: Prelinguistic infants prefer similar others’,
Cognition
, 124, 227–33.
16
. Gordon Gallup (1970), ‘Chimpanzees: Self-recognition’,
Science
, 167, 86–7. One curious exception is the domesticated dog, for reasons that are unknown. Apparently, domestication by man to be sociable did not include this component of social awareness.
17
. B. Amsterdam (1972), ‘Mirror self-image reactions before age two’,
Developmental Psychobiology
, 5, 297–305.
18
. Charles Darwin (1872),
The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals.
London: John Murray, p. 325.
19
. Mark R. Leary, Thomas W. Britt, William D Cutlip and Janice L. Templeton (1992), ‘Social blushing’,
Psychological Bulletin
, 112, 446–60.
20
. K. M. Zosuls, D. Ruble, C. S. Tamis-LeMonda, P. E. Shrout, M. H. Bornstein and F. K. Greulich (2009), ‘The acquisition of gender labels in infancy: Implications for sex-typed play’,
Developmental Psychology
, 45, 688–701.
21
. P. C. Quinn, J. Yahr, A. Kuhn, A. M. Slater and O. Pascalis (2002), ‘Representation of the gender of human faces by infants: A preference for female’,
Perception
31, 1109–21.
22
. E. E. Maccoby and C. N. Jacklin (1987), ‘Gender segregation in childhood’ in E. H. Reese (ed.),
Advances in child development and behavior
, vol. 20, New York: Academic Press, pp. 239–87.
23
. H. Abel and R. Sahinkaya (1962), ‘Emergence of sex and race friendship preferences’,
Child Development
, 33, 939–43.
24
. C. F. Miller, C. L. Martin, R. A. Fabes and L. D. Hanish (2013), ‘Bringing the Cognitive and Social Together’ in M. R. Banaji and S. A. Gelman (eds),
Navigating the Social World. What Infants, Children, and Other Species Can Teach Us
, New York: Oxford University Press.
25
. R. S. Bigler, C. S. Brown and M. Markell, M. (2001), ‘When groups are not created equal: Effects of group status on the formation of intergroup attitudes in children’,
Child Development
, 72, 1151–62.
26
. R. S. Bigler (2013) ‘Understanding and Reducing Social Stereotyping and Prejudice Among Children’ in M. R. Banaji and S. A. Gelman (eds),
Navigating the Social World. What Infants, Children, and Other Species Can Teach Us,
New York: Oxford University Press, p. 328.
27
. Adam Waytz & Jason P. Mitchell (2011), ‘Two mechanisms for simulating other minds: Dissociations between mirroring and self-projection’,
Current Directions in Psychological Science
, 20, 197–200.
28
. Xiaojing Xu, Xiangyu Zuo, Xiaoying Wang and Shihui Han (2009), ‘Do you feel my pain? Racial group membership modulates empathic neural responses’,
Journal of Neuroscience
, 29, 8525–9.
29
. Adrianna C. Jenkins and Jason P. Mitchell (2011), ‘Medial prefrontal cortex subserves diverse forms of self-reflection’,
Social Neuroscience
, 6, 211–18.
30
. Kyungmi Kim and Marcia K. Johnson (2012), ‘Extended self: medial prefrontal activity during transient association of self and objects’,
Scan
, 7, 199–207.
31
. M. Stel, J. Blascovich, C. McCall, J. Mastop, R. B. Van Baaren and R. Vonk (2010), ‘Mimicking disliked others: Effects of a priori liking on the mimicry-liking link’,
European Journal of Social Psychology
, 40, 867–80.
32
. Xiaojing Xu, Xiangyu Zuo, Xiaoying Wang and Shihui Han (2009), ‘Do you feel my pain? Racial group membership modulates empathic neural responses’,
Journal of Neuroscience
, 29, 8525–9.
33
. Stanley Milgram (1963), ‘Behavioral study of obedience’,
Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology
, 67, 371–8.
34
. P. Zimbardo (2007),
The Lucifer Effect: How Good People Turn Evil
, London: Random House.
35
. H. Tajfel, M. G. Billig, R. P. Bundy and C. Flament (1971), ‘Social categorization and intergroup behaviour’,
European Journal of Social Psychology
, 1, 149–78.
36
. Martin Niemöller, ‘Als die Nazis die Kommunisten holten …’,
http://www.martin-niemoeller-stiftung.de/4/daszitat/a31
37
. S. Alexander Haslam and Stephen D. Reicher (2012), ‘Contesting the “Nature” of Conformity: What Milgram and Zimbardo’s studies really show’, PLOS Biology, volume 10, issue 11, e1001426.
38
. N. Mahajan, M. A. Martinez, N. L. Gutierrez, G. Diesendruck, M. R. Banaji and L. R. Santos (2011), ‘The evolution of intergroup bias: perceptions and attitudes in rhesus macaques’,
Journal of Personality & Social Psychology
, 100, 387–405.
39
. Kate Fox (2004),
Watching the English: The Hidden Rules of English Behaviour
, Hodder & Stoughton, London.
40
. Solomon E. Asch (1956), ‘Studies of independence and conformity: A minority of one against a unanimous majority’,
Psychological Monographs: General and Applied
, 70, 1–70.
41
. R. Bond and P. Smith (1996), ‘Culture and conformity: A meta-analysis of studies using Asch’s (1952b, 1956) line judgement task’,
Psychological Bulletin
, 119, 111–37.

Other books

Core by Viola Grace
White Heat by Brenda Novak
Tethers by Claire Farrell
Runaways by Zilpha Keatley Snyder
Top Producer by Norb Vonnegut
More Than Friends by Monique Devere
Christina's Bear by Jane Wakely