The Knight in History (42 page)

7.
Painter,
William Marshal
, pp. 16–17.

8.
H.G.M.
, Vol. I, pp. 26–28, lines 703–749.

9.
Ibid., Vol. I, p. 28, lines 750–762.

10.
Ibid., Vol. I, p. 30, lines 805–820.

11.
L’Ordene de chevalerie
, pp. 46–50 (lines 110–248).

12.
Ibid., Vol. III, pp. xxv–xxviii.

13.
H.G.M.
, Vol. I, p. 31, lines 821–822.

14.
Ibid., Vol. I, pp. 31–37, lines 827–1106.

15.
Ibid., Vol. I, pp. 42–43, lines 1142–1160.

16.
Ibid., Vol. I, pp. 43–44, lines 1179–1200.

17.
Ibid., Vol. I, pp. 44–48, lines 1201–1302.

18.
On the tournament: Francis Henry Cripps-Day,
The History of the Tournament in England and in France
, London, 1982 (reprint of 1918 edition); R. Coltman Clephan,
The Tournament: Its Periods and Phases
, London, 1919; N. Denholm-Young, “The Tournament in the Thirteenth Century,” in
Studies in Mediaeval History Presented to F. M. Powicke
, Oxford, 1948, pp. 240–268.

19.
Blair,
European Armour
, pp. 191–192.

20.
H.G.M.
, Vol. I, pp. 48–51, lines 1303–1380.

21.
Ibid., Vol. I, pp. 51–55, lines 1381–1503.

22.
Ibid., Vol. I, pp. 260–261, lines 7203–7232.

23.
Anthony R. Wagner,
Heralds and Heraldry in the Middle Ages, an Inquiry into the Growth of the Armorial Function of Heralds
, Oxford, 1956.

24.
Blair,
European Armour
, pp. 29–31.

25.
Painter,
William Marshal
, pp. 25–27.

26.
H.G.M.
., Vol. I, pp. 71–72, lines 1939–1948.

27.
Ibid., Vol. I, p. 72, lines 1956–1958.

28.
W. L. Warren,
Henry II
, Berkeley, Calif., 1973, pp. 580–584; Olin H. Moore, “The Young Henry Plantagenet in History, Literature, and Tradition,”
Ohio State University Studies
, Vol. II, No. 12, Columbus, Ohio, 1925.

29.
Painter,
William Marshal
, pp. 34–35;
H.G.M.
, Vol. I, p. 86, lines 2035–2142.

30.
Painter,
William Marshal
, pp. 35–36; Warren,
Henry II
, pp. 117–139.

31.
Painter,
William Marshal
, pp. 36–37.

32.
H.G.M.
, Vol. I, p. 88, lines 2391–2403.

33.
Ibid., Vol. I, pp. 90–101, lines 2443–2772.

34.
Ibid., Vol. I, pp. 123–125, lines 3381–3424.

35.
Ibid., Vol. I, pp. 124–128, lines 3426–3520.

36.
Ibid., Vol. I, pp. 141–155, lines 3888–4274.

37.
Ibid., Vol. I, pp. 161–173, lines 4457–4796.

38.
Ibid., Vol. I, pp. 184–211, lines 5095–5848.

39.
Ibid., Vol. I, pp. 214–223, lines 5923–6192.

40.
Warren,
Henry II
, pp. 591–593.

41.
H.G.M.
, Vol. I, pp. 235–236, lines 6525–6552.

42.
Ibid., Vol. I, pp. 241–247, lines 6677–6864.

43.
Ibid., Vol. I, pp. 247–252, lines 6865–6984.

44.
Ibid., Vol. I, pp. 258–259, lines 7173–7184.

45.
Bertran de Born, “
Planh
,” in
Anthology of the Provençal Troubadours
, Vol. I, pp. 109–110.

46.
H.G.M.
, Vol. I, pp. 262–263, lines 7259–7295.

47.
Ibid., Vol. I, p. 263, line 7302.

48.
Painter,
William Marshal
, pp. 61–67.

49.
H.G.M.
, Vol. I, p. 344, lines 9537–9550.

50.
Painter,
William Marshal
, pp. 77–78.

51.
Ibid., pp. 102–104.

52.
Ibid., p. 122.

53.
Ibid., pp. 180–182.

54.
Ibid., pp. 192–227.

55.
H.G.M.
, Vol. II, pp. 300–302, lines 18351–18406.

56.
Bosl, “ ‘Noble Unfreedom,’ ” pp. 307–311; Freed, “The Origins of the European Nobility,” pp. 226–232.

57.
Duby,
Société
, pp. 584–590; Duby, “The Transformation of the Aristocracy,” in
The Chivalrous Society
, pp. 178–185.

58.
Duby,
Société
, pp. 494–497.

59.
Ibid., pp. 559–564; Duby, “The Transformation of the Aristocracy,” pp. 179–180.

60.
Peter Spufford, ed.,
Origins of the English Parliament
, New York, 1967, pp. 5–8, 59–63; D. Pasquet,
An Essay on the Origins of the House of Commons
, trans, by R. G. D. Laffan, Exeter, Eng., 1964 (reprint of 1925 edition); Frank M. Stenton, “The Changing Feudalism of the Middle Ages,”
History
n.s. 19 (1935), pp. 289–301; N. Denholm-Young, “Feudal Society in the Thirteenth Century: The Knights,”
History
n.s. 29 (1944), pp. 107–119; R. F. Treharne, “The Knights in the Period of Reform and Rebellion, 1255–67: A Critical Phase in the Rise of a New Class,”
Bulletin of the Institute of Historical Research
21 (1946), pp. 1–12.

61.
Warren,
Henry II
, pp. 352–354.

62.
Pasquet,
Origins of the House of Commons
, pp. 13–23.

63.
Spufford,
Origins of the English Parliament
, pp. 62–63; Treharne, “The Knights in the Period of Reform,” pp. 2–4; N. Denholm-Young,
Seignorial Administration in England
, London, 1937, pp. 66–85; Helen Cam,
The Hundred and the Hundred Rolls
, London, 1930, pp. 59–67; W. A. Morris,
The Medieval English Sheriff to 1300
, Manchester, Eng., 1927, pp. 167–185.

64.
Chronicon Monasterii de Bello
, London, 1846, p. 108.

65.
Joseph R. Strayer,
Feudalism
, Princeton, N.J., 1965, p. 52; Warren,
Henry II
, p. 124.

66.
W. Stubbs, ed.,
Select Charters
, Oxford, 1921, p. 218.

67.
H.G.M.
, Vol. I, pp. 28–29, lines 761–768.

68.
Denholm-Young, “Feudal Society,” p. 115.

69.
Blair,
European Armour
, p. 29.

70.
Philippe Contamine,
La Guerre au moyen âge
, Paris, 1980, p. 199.

71.
Denholm-Young, “Feudal Society,” p. 117.

72.
Harvey, “The Knight and the Knight’s Fee in England,” pp. 39–41.

73.
Denholm-Young, “Feudal Society,” p. 113.

74.
Duby,
Société
, pp. 627–631; Duby, “The Transformation of the Aristocracy,” pp. 182–183; Philippe Contamine, “The French Nobility and the War,” in Kenneth Fowler, ed.,
The Hundred Years War
, New York, 1971, p. 145.

75.
Michael R. Powicke, “Distraint of Knighthood and Military Obligation under Henry III,”
Speculum
25 (1950), pp. 457–470; Powicke,
Military Obligation in Medieval England, a Study in Liberty and Duty
, Oxford, 1962.

76.
Duby,
Société
, pp. 631–633; Duby, “The Transformation of the Aristocracy,” pp. 182–185; Robert H. Lucas, “Ennoblement in Late Medieval France,”
Medieval Studies
39 (1977), pp. 240–242.

77.
Denholm-Young, “Feudal Society,” p. 118.

78.
Lull,
The Book of the Ordre of Chyvalry
, pp. 77–89.

1.
General works on the Military Orders include: Marion Melville,
La Vie des Templiers
, Paris, 1951; Thomas W. Parker,
The Knights Templars in England
, Tucson, Ariz., 1963; Malcolm Barber,
The Trial of the Templars
, Cambridge, Eng., 1978; Georges Bordonove,
La Vie quotidienne des Templiers au xiii siècle
, Paris, 1975; Edith Simon,
The Piebald Standard: A Biography of the Knights Templars
, London, 1959; Jonathan Riley-Smith,
The Knights of St. John in Jerusalem and Cyprus, c. 1050–1310
, New York, 1967; Joseph O’Callaghan,
The Spanish Military Order of Calatrava and Its Affiliates
, London, 1975; Francis Gutton,
L’Ordre de Santiago
, Paris, 1972; Gutton,
L’Ordre d’Alcantara
, Paris, 1975; Friedrich Benninghoven,
Der Orden der Schwertbrüder: Fratres Milicie Christi de Livonia
, Graz and Köln, 1965; P. Marion Tumler,
Der Deutsche Orden im Werden, Wachsen und Wirken his 1400
, Vienna, 1955; A. S. Barnes, “The Teutonic Knights and the Kingdom of Prussia,”
Dublin Review
, October 1915, pp. 272–283; Indrikis Sterns, “Crime and Punishment among the Teutonic Knights,”
Speculum
57 (1982), pp. 84–111.

2.
Bernard of Clairvaux,
De laude novae militiae
, in
Sancti Bernardi opera
, Vol. III, ed. by J. Leclercq and H. M. Rochais, Rome, 1963, pp. 213–239.

3.
Henri de Curzon,
La Maison du Temple de Paris
, Paris, 1888.

4.
Parker,
The Knights Templars in England
, pp. 24–25.

5.
Melville,
La Vie des Templiers
, pp. 69–73.

6.
Barber,
Trial of the Templars
, p. 245; Parker,
The Knights Templars in England
, pp. 17, 135–136.

7.
Virginia G. Berry, “The Second Crusade,” in Setton, ed.,
A History of the Crusades
, Vol. I, p. 500.

8.
Ibn al-Athir, quoted in Riley-Smith,
The Knights of St. John
, p. 75.

9.
Robin R. Fedden and John Thomson,
Crusader Castles
, London, 1957; T. S. R. Boase, “Military Architecture in the Crusader States in Palestine and Syria,” in Setton, ed.,
A History of the Crusades
, Vol. IV, pp. 140–164; Riley-Smith,
The Knights of St. John
, pp. 134–139; Melville,
La Vie des Templiers
, pp. 158–172.

10.
Wilbrand of Oldenburg, quoted in Boase, “Military Architecture,” p. 152.

11.
Jules Piquet,
Des Banquiers au moyen âge: les Templiers
, Paris, 1939; Leopold Delisle,
Mémoire sur les opérations financières des Templiers
, Paris, 1889.

12.
Melville,
La Vie des Templiers
, pp. 87–88.

13.
Matthew Paris’s English History from the Year 1234 to 1273 (Chronica Majora)
, trans. by J. A. Giles, 3 vols., London, 1854, Vol. II, pp. 368–369.

14.
Francesco Gabrielli, ed.,
Arab Historians of the Crusades
, trans. from the Italian by E. J. Costello, Berkeley, Calif., 1969, pp. 79–80.

15.
Melville,
La Vie des Templiers
, pp. 117, 147; Riley-Smith,
The Knights of St. John
, pp. 107–108, 155–156.

16.
Riley-Smith,
The Knights of St. John
, pp. 236–237.

17.
Barber,
Trial of the Templars
, pp. 253–257.

18.
Melville,
La Vie des Templiers
, pp. 109–111; Bordonove,
La Vie quotidienne des Templiers
, pp. 79–81.

19.
Henri de Curzon,
La Règle du Temple
, Paris, 1886, p. 172.

20.
Ibid., p. 114.

21.
Ibid., p. 115.

22.
The Exempla of Jacques de Vitry
, ed. Thomas Frederick Crane, London, 1890, LXXXV, pp. 38–39.

23.
Curzon,
La Règle du Temple
, p. 171.

24.
On the conventual life of the Templars: Melville,
La Vie des Templiers
, pp. 212–221; Bordonove,
La Vie quotidienne des Templiers
, pp. 82–92.