The Life Plan (74 page)
Authors: Jeffry Life
Tags: #Men's Health, #Aging, #Health & Fitness, #Exercise, #Self-Help
2009; 54:919–27.
48. Malkin, Chris J., et al. Testosterone therapy in men with moderate severity heart failure: a double-blind randomized placebo controlled trial.
Eur Heart J.
2006, 24, 54–64.
49. Hyde, Zoe, et al. Low free testosterone predicts frailty in older men: The health in men study.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab.
April 21, 2001 (95) 7, 3165–72.
50. Menke, Andy, et al. Sex steroid hormone concentrations and risk of death in US men.
Am J Epidemiol.
2009 (171) 5, 583–92.
51. Srinivas-Shankar, Upendram. Effects of testosterone on muscle strength, physical function, body composition and quality of life in intermediate-frail and frail elderly men: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab.
2010 (95) 2, 639–50.
52. Sattler, F. R., et al. Testosterone and growth hormone improve body composition and muscle performance in older men.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab.
2009 (94) 6, 1991–2001.
53. Maggio, Marcello, et al. Relationship between low levels of anabolic hormones and 6-year mortality rate in older men.
Archives of Internal Medicine.
2007 (167) 20, 2249–54.
54. Wu, Frederick, C. W., et al. Identification of late-onset hypogonadism in middle-aged and elderly men.
N Engl J Med.
2010 (363):123–35.
On Growth Hormone
1. Society for Endocrinology, Practice and Policy, Growth Hormone,
http://www.endocrinology.org/policy/docs/gh.html
.
2. Fowelin, J., Attrall, S., Lager, I., and Bengtsson, B.-Å. Effects of treatment with recombinant human growth hormone on insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism in adults with growth hormone deficiency.
Metabolism.
1993, 42, 1443–7.
3. Johansson, J.-Q., Landin, K., Tengboru, L., Rosén, T., and Bengtsson, B.-Å. High fibrinogen and plasminogen activator inhibitor activity in growth hormone deficient adults.
Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology.
1994, 14, 434–7.
4. Markussis, V., Beshyah, S. A., Fischer, C., Sharp, P., Nicolaides, A. N., and Johnson, D. G. Detection of premature atherosclerosis by high resolution ultrasonography in symptom-free hypopituitary adults.
Lancet.
1992, 340, 1188–92.
5. Capaldo, B., Patti, L., Oliverio, U., Longobardi, S., Pardo, F., Vitali, F., Fazio, S., di Reller, F., Bindi, B., Lombardi, G., and Sacca, L. Increased arterial intimi-media thickness in childhood onset growth hormone deficiency.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab.
1997, 82, 1378–81.
6. Rosén, T., and Bengtsson, B.-Å. Premature mortality due to cardiovascular disease in hypopituitarism.
Lancet.
1990, 336, 285–8.
7. Bülow, B., Hacrmar, L., Mikoczy, Z., Nordström, C. H., and Erfurth, E. M. Increased cerebrovascular mortality in patient with hypopituitarism.
Clinical Endocrinology.
1997, 46, 75–81.
8. American Association of Clinical Endocrinologist Medical Guidelines for Clinical Practice for Growth Hormone Use in Growth Hormone Deficient Adults and Transition Patients—October 2009 Update.
Endocrine Practice.
2009; 15(2):1.
9. Murray, R., Bidlingmaier, M., Strasburger, C., and Shalet, S. The diagnosis of partial growth hormone deficiency in adults with a putative insult to the hypothalamo-pituitary axis.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab.
2007. 92(5):1705–9.
10. Consensus Statement. Consensus guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of adults with GH deficiency II: A statement of the GH Research Society in association with the European Society for Pediatric Endocrinology, Lawson Wilkins Society, European Society of Endocrinology, Japan Endocrine Society, and Endocrine Society of Australia.
European Journal of Endocrinology.
2007. 157: 695–700.
11. Murray, R. D., and Shalet, S. M. Insulin sensitivity is impaired in adults with varying degrees of GH deficiency.
Clin Endocrinol.
2005 Feb.; 62(2):182–8.
12. Murray R. D., Adams, J. E., and Shalet, S. M. Adults with partial growth hormone deficiency have an adverse body composition.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab.
2004 Apr.; 89(4):1586–91.
13. Colao, A., Cerbone, G., Pivonello, R., Aimaretti, G., Loche, S., Di Somma, C., Faggiano, A., Corneli, G., Ghigo, E., and Lombardi, G. The growth hormone (GH) response to the arginine plus GH-releasing hormone test is correlated to the severity of lipid profile abnormalities in adult patients with GH deficiency.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab.
1999 Apr.; 84(4):1277–82.
14. Colao, A., Di Somma, C., Spiezia, S., Rota, F., Pivonello, R., Savastano, S., and Lombardi, G. The natural history of partial growth hormone deficiency in adults: A prospective study on the cardiovascular risk and atherosclerosis.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab.
2001 Jun.; 91(6):2191–200.
15. Pandian, Rai, and Nakamoto, Jon M. Rational use of the laboratory for childhood and adult growth hormone deficiency.
Clin Lab Med.
2004 Mar.; 24(1):141–74.
16. Vestergaard, P., and Hoeck, H. C. Reproducibility of growth hormone and cortisol responses to the insulin tolerance test and the short ACTH test in normal adults.
Horm Metab Res.
1997 Mar.; 29(3):106–10.
17. Hoeck, H. C. Test of growth hormone secretion in adults: Poor reproducibility of the insulin tolerance test.
Eur J Endocrinol.
1995 Sep.; 133(3):305–12.
18. Biller, B. Sensitivity and specificity of six tests for the diagnosis of adult GH deficiency.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab.
2002 May; 87(5):2067–79.
19. Hoeck, H. C. Diagnosis of growth hormone (GH) deficiency in adults with hypothalamic-pituitary disorders: Comparison of test results using pyridostigmine plus GH-releasing hormone (GHRH), clonidine plus GHRH, and insulin-induced hypoglycemia as GH secretagogues.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab.
2000 Apr.; 85(4):1467–72.
20. Boquete, H. R. Evaluation of diagnostic accuracy of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I and IGF-binding protein-3 in growth hormone-deficient children and adults using ROC plot analysis.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab.
2003 Oct.; 88(10):4702–8.
21. Bonert, V. S. Body mass index determines evoked growth hormone (GH) responsiveness in normal healthy male subjects: Diagnostic caveat for adult GH deficiency.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab.
2004 Jul.; 89(7):3397–3401.
22. Hartman, M. L., et al. Which patients do not require a GH stimulation test for the diagnosis of adult GH deficiency?
J Clin Endocrinol Metab.
2002 Feb.; 87(2):477–85.
23. Carroll, et al. Growth hormone deficiency in adulthood and the effects of growth hormone replacement: A review. Growth Hormone Research Society Scientific Committee.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab.
1998 Feb.; 83(2):382–95.
24. Franco, C. Growth hormone treatment reduces abdominal visceral fat in postmenopausal women with abdominal obesity: A 12-month placebo-controlled trial.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab.
2005 Mar.; 90(3):1466–74.
25. Albert, S. Low-dose recombinant human growth hormone as adjuvant therapy to lifestyle modifications in the management of obesity.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab.
2004 Feb.; 89(2).
26. Johannsson, G. Growth hormone treatment of abdominally obese men reduces abdominal fat mass, improves glucose and lipoprotein metabolism, and reduces diastolic blood pressure.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab.
1997 Mar.; 82(3):725–26.
27.
http://www.ghresearchsociety.org/bin/Default.asp
.
28. Larsen, Kronnenberg, Melmed, and Polonsky (eds).
Williams Textbook of Endocrinology.
Saunders, 2003, Tenth Edition,
Chapter 8
, authored by Shlomo Melmed and David Kleinberg, summarizes adult somatotropin deficiency in Table 8–20, p. 226, and they point out that IGF-1 levels may be “low or normal” in adult deficiency states.
29. Colao, A., et al. The national history of partial growth hormone deficiency in adults: A prospective study on cardiovascular risk and atheroscelerosis.
J Clin Endocrinol Metabol.
91(6):2191–2200.
30. Drake, W. M. Optimizing growth hormone therapy in adults and children.
Endocr Rev.
2001 Aug. 1; 22(4):425–50.
31. Mukherjee, A. Seeking the optimal target range for insulin-like growth factor I during the treatment of adult growth hormone disorders.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab.
2003 Dec.; 88(12):5865–70.
32. Roubenof, R. Cytokines, insulin-like growth factor-1, sarcopenia, and mortality in very old community-dwelling men and women: The Framingham Heart Study.
Am J Med.
2003 Oct. 15; 115(6):429–35.
33. Cappola, A. Insulin-like growth factor I and interleukin-6 contribute synergistically to disability and mortality in older women.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab.
2003 May; 88(5):2019–25.
34. Laughlin, G. A., et al. The prospective association of serum insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and IGF-binding protein-1 levels with all cause and cardiovascular disease mortality in older adults: The Rancho Bernardo Study.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab.
2004 Jan.; 89(1):114–20.
35. Gelato, M. Aging and immune function: A possible role for growth hormone.
Hormone Research.
1996; 45:46–49.
36. Toogood, A. A., et al. Beyond the somatopause: Growth hormone deficiency in adults over the age of 60 years.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab.
1996 Feb; 81(2):460–65.
37. Young, A. Muscle function in old age.
New Issue Neuroscience.
1998; I:141–56.
38. Skeleton, D. A., et al. Strength, power & related functional ability of healthy people aged 60–89 years.
Aging People.
1994; 23:371–77.
39. Bohannon, R. W. Comfortable and maximum walking speed of adults aged 20–79 years: Reference values and determinants.
Age Ageing.
1997; 26:15–19.
40. O’Connor: Ph.D. thesis, Dublin, 1998.
41. Vahl, N., et al. Abdominal adiposity and physical fitness are major determinants of age associated decline in stimulated growth hormone secretion in healthy adults.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab.
1996 Jun; 81(6): 2209–15.
42. Savine, R., and Sonksen, P. Growth hormone—hormone replacement for somatopause.
Horm Res.
2000; 53(Suppl 3):37–41.
43. Conti, E., et al. Insulin-like growth factor-1 as a vascular protective factor.
Circulation.
2004; 110:2260–65.
44. Denti, L., et al. Insulin-like growth factor 1 as a predictor of ischemic stroke outcome in the elderly.
Am J Med.
2004 Sep.; 117(5):312–17.
45. Juul, A., et al. Low serum insulin-like growth factor-1 is associated with increased risk of ischemic heart disease: A population-based case-control study.
Circulation.
2002; 106:939–44.
46. Vasan, R. S., et al. Serum insulin-like growth factor-1 and risk for heart failure in elderly individuals without a previous myocardial infarction: The Framingham Heart Study.
Ann Intern Med.
2003; 139:642–48.
47. Molitch, Mark E., et al. Evaluation and treatment of AGHD: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline.
J Clinical Endocrinol Metab.
2006; 91(5):1621–34.
48. Consensus guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of adults with growth hormone deficiency II.
Eur J Endrocrinol.
2007 Dec.; 157(6):695–700.
49. Melmed, S. Supplemental growth hormone in healthy adults: The endocrinologist’s responsibility.
Nature Clinical Practice.
2006; 2:119.
50. Critical evaluation of the safety of recombinant human growth hormone administration: Statement from the Growth Hormone Research Society.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab.
2001; 86(5):1868–70.
51. Bjorntorp, P. “Portal” adipose tissue as a generator of risk factors for cardiovascular disease and diabetes.
Arteriosclerosis.
1990; 10:493–96.
52. Veldhuis, J. D. Neuroendocrine control of pulsatile growth hormone release in the human: Relationship with gender.
Growth Hormone IGF-1 Res 8 (Suppl B).
1998; 49–59.
53. Vahl, N., et al. Abdominal adiposity rather than age and sex predicts mass and regularity of GH secretion in healthy adults.
Am J Physiol.
1997; 272:E1108–16.
54. Pasarica, M., et al. Effect of growth hormone on body composition and visceral adiposity in middle-aged men with visceral obesity.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab.
2007 Nov; 9211:4265–70.
55. Beauregard, C., et al. Growth hormone decreases visceral fat and improves cardiovascular risk markers in women with hypopituitarism: A randomized, placebo-controlled study.
Other books
Acts of Mercy by Mariah Stewart
The Wild Child by Mary Jo Putney
Dogfight by Adam Claasen
One by One by Simon Kernick
Blood Tribute (The Lucas Gedge Thrillers Book 1) by Andy Emery
Amy and Isabelle by Elizabeth Strout
Jam and Jeopardy by Doris Davidson
Are You Ready? by Amanda Hearty
A Forbidden Love by Lorelei Moone
Dog Lived (and So Will I) by Rhyne, Teresa J.
