The Longest War (79 page)

243
truck driver
: TIME magazine profile by Claire Suddath, July 24, 2009,
http://www.time.com/time/nation/
article/0,8599,1912512,00.html
; and Michael Powell, “U.S. recruit reveals how Qaeda trains foreigners,”
New York Times
, July 23, 2009.
http://www.nytimes.com/
2009/07/24/nyregion/24terror.html
.

243
illegal immigrants
: “Fort Dix six allegedly had bomb recipes, made fun of U.S.,” ABC News, May 10, 2007.
http://abcnews.go.com/GMA/story?id=
3160739&page=1
.

244
“they are not interested”
: Joel Roberts, CBS News, June 18, 2006.
http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2006/06/18/terror
/main1726666.shtml
.

244
as many as two thousand
: Michael Evans, “MI5’s spymaster Jonathan Evans comes out of the shadows,”
Times of London
, January 7, 2009.
http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/
news/uk/article5462528.ece
.

245
hiring an additional two thousand intelligence analysts
: Federal Bureau of Investigation, “Intelligence” fact sheet,
http://www.fbi.gov/aboutus/
transformation/intelligence.htm
; Federal Bureau of Investigation, “By the numbers” fact sheet,
http://www.fbi.gov/page2/
september06/numbers090606.htm
; just 16 names: Reuters, “U.S. lacked data to put suspect on no-fly list,” December 26, 2009.
http://www.reuters.com/article/
idusN2613148620091227
.

245
“multiple terrorist risk factors”
: Scott Shane and Lowell Bergman, “Adding up the ounces of prevention,”
New York Times
, September 10, 2006.
http://www.nytimes.com/2006/09/10/
weekinreview/10shane.html
; “suicide bombing in Hilla”: Scott Macleod, “A jihadist’s tale,”
Time
, March 28, 2005.
http://www.time.com/time/magazine/
article/0.9171.1042473.00.html
; and Charlotte Buchen, “The man turned away,” PBS
Frontline
, “The Enemy Within,”
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/enemywithin/reality/
al-banna.html
.

246
More than a third
: Daniel Benjamin and Steven Simon,
The Next Attack
(New York: Macmillan, 2006), p. 119.

247
“Only jihad”
: “Profile: Baitullah Mehsud,” BBC News, December 28, 2007.
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/
south_asia/7163626.stm
.

248
military-jihadi complex
: Barnett Rubin, an American expert on Afghanistan, uses this term.

248
on the Pakistani side
: BBC In Depth, “The Future of Kashmir?”
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/shared/spl/hi/south_asia/03/
kashmir_future/html/
.

248
several of their leaders
: Ahmed Rashid,
Taliban: Militant Islam, Oil & Fundamentalism in Central Asia
(New Haven: Yale University Press, 2001), p. 90.

248
hub of jihadist violence
: United States Department of State, Country Reports on Terrorism, Chapter 8: Foreign Terrorist Organizations, April 28, 2006.
http://www.state.gov/s/ct
/rls/crt/2005/65275.htm
; bombing of a Sheraton hotel: BBC News, “Analysis: Pakistan searches for blast leads,” June 14, 2002,
http://news.bbc.co.uk
/2/hi/south_asia/2045045.stm
; three separate attacks: BBC News, “Pakistan bomb kills U.S. diplomat,” March 2, 2006,
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_
asia/4765170.stm
; CNN.com, “Karachi consulate shooting kills 2,” February 28, 2003.
http://www.cnn.com/2003/WORLD/asiapcf/
south/02/28/karachi.shooting/
.; “Karachi riot kills six after suicide attack,”
International Herald Tribune
, June 1, 2005.
http://www.iht.com/articles/
2005/06/01/news/mosque.php
.

249
This would make Pearl
: Mariane Pearl blames a story by the Pakistani journalist Kamran Khan in
The News
on January 30, 2002 for making public that her husband was Jewish. Mariane Pearl,
A Mighty Heart
(New York: Scribner, 2004), p. 146.

249
reporting on the various Pakistani militant groups
: The French intellectual Bernard-Henri Levy published a 2003 book about Pearl’s kidnapping titled
Who Killed Daniel Pearl?
In his account Levy advanced the theory that Pearl was killed because he had stumbled upon secrets of Pakistan’s nuclear program. There is no convincing evidence for this claim. See Bernard-Henri Levy,
Who Killed Daniel Pearl?
(New York: Melville House, 2003), pp. 440–443.

249
set out to interview Fuqra’s founder
: Mariane Pearl op. cit., pp. 24–25.

250
“dropped in to talk”
: Author interview with Jameel Yusuf, Karachi, Pakistan, January 2003. “It was a prepaid telephone card”: Author interview with Jameel Yusuf.

250
“National Movement”
: Mariane Pearl op. cit., pp. 104–106.

250
The FBI also dispatched
: Mariane Pearl op. cit., p. 106; murdered by three Arab men, p. 198.

251
surrendered to Brigadier Ejaz Shah
: Mariane Pearl op. cit., p. 182.

251
KSM has claimed
: BBC News, “Key 9/11 figure ‘beheaded Pearl,’” March 15, 2007.
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/
americas/6455307.stm
.; and author interview with Fouda op. cit.

251
an interview with both KSM and Ramzi Binalshibh
: Fouda and Fielding op. cit., p. 72.

251
an unusual offer
: Fouda and Fielding op. cit., p. 36; and author interview with Yosri Fouda, London, 2002.

252
“you look familiar”
: Yosri Fouda interview.

252
“They are right”
: Yosri Fouda interview.

252
“too many volunteers”
: Yosri Fouda interview op. cit.

252
“a very old concept”
: Ramzi Binalshibh in Al Jazeera documentary, “The Road to September 11,” September 11, 2002.

252
nuclear power plants
: Author interview with Yosri Fouda.

253
On September 11, 2002
: David Rohde, “Karachi raid provides hint of Qaeda’s rise in Pakistan,”
New York Times
, September 14, 2002.
http://www.nytimes.com/2002/09/15/
world/threats-responses-karachi-karachi
-raid-provides-hint-qaeda-s-rise-pakistan.html
; “slipped away to Quetta”: “Top al-Qaeda operative caught in Pakstan,” CNN.com, March 1, 2003,
http://www.cnn.com/2003/WORLD/asiapcf/
south/03/01/pakistan.arrests/
.

253
“What the fuck”
: Author interview with a Western diplomat, Islamabad, Pakistan, 2003.

253
“I am with KSM”
: Scott Shane, “Inside a 9/11 mastermind’s interrogation,”
New York Times
, June 22, 2008.
http://www.nytimes.com/2008/06/22/
washington/22ksm.html
.

253
the CIA gave the Associated Press a photo
: Tenet op. cit., p. 252.

253
“personal signature trail”
: Author interview with senior U.S. intelligence official, Washington, D.C., 2003.

253
a trove of information
: Department of Defense, Verbatim Transcript of Combatant Status Review Trial, Khalid Sheikh Mohammed, March 10, 2007.
http://www.defenselink.mil/news/
transcript_ISN10024.pdf
.

254
Pakistan handed over
: Pervez Musharraf,
In the Line of Fire: A Memoir
(New York: Free Press, 2008), p. 237.

254
“creative young engineers”
: Robert Dannenberg, December 17, 2009, Manhattan, New York.

254
And so al-Qaeda
: Dannenberg interview op. cit.; decided to leave Karachi: Department of Defense, Detainee Biographies, Ahmed Khalfan Ghailani.
http://www.defenselink.mil/pdf/
detaineebiographies1.pdf
, p. 2.

254
“wild and merciless fanaticism”
: Winston Churchill,
The Story of the Malakand Field Force
(1898), p. 5.

255
female literacy rate
: Jane Perlez, “Aid to Pakistan in tribal areas raises concerns,”
New York Times
, July 16, 2007.
http://www.nytimes.com/2007/07/16/world/
asia/16pakistan.html
.

255
the compounds in which they live
: Author observations over the course of many trips to FATA since 1983.

255
more than two thousand
: Author interview with intelligence official, Washington, D.C., 2008.

255
around 100 to 150 members
: Author interview with U.S. intelligence official, Washington, D.C., 2008.

255
Powell was visiting Islamabad
: “U.S. has come to stay, Powell tells Afghans: South Waziristan operation praised,”
Dawn
, March 18, 2004.
http://www.dawn.com
/2004/03/18/top13.htm
.

255
“high value target”
: “Pakistani sources: Zawahiri surrounded,” CNN.com, March 18, 2004.
http://www.cnn.com/
2004/WORLD/asiapcf
/03/18/pakistan.alqaeda/index.html
. And for an account of those operations see Zahid Hussein,
Frontline Pakistan: The Struggle with Militant Islam
(New York: Columbia University Press, 2007), pp. 143–148.

256
filmed their executions
: Author observation of Taliban videos by Umar production company; Hayat Ullah Khan, a fixer for PBS’s
Frontline
who was killed in the FATA in 2006. “A journalist in the tribal areas,” PBS
Frontline
,
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline
/taliban/tribal/hayatullah.html
.

256
where Mullah Omar
: U.S. intelligence officials, multiple interviews by author, 2006–2008.

256
two out of Pakistan’s four
: Election results can be found at Adam Carr, Election Archive, Legislative Election of 10 October 2002.
http://psephos.adam-carr.net/countries
/p/pakistan/pakistan2002.txt
.

256
power-hungry officer
: PBS NewsHour, Gwen Ifill, April 30, 2002.
http://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/
middle_east/jan-june02/vote_4-30.html
.

256
banned the militant Kashmiri groups
: “Musharraf bans Lashkar, Jaish; wants dialogue on Kashmir,” Rediff.com, January 12, 2002.
http://www.rediff.com/news/2002/
jan/12mush.htm
.

257
to the brink of war
: Steve Coll, “The Stand-off,”
The New Yorker
, February 13, 2006, is the best account of this episode.

257
target of their wrath
: Musharraf op. cit., pp. 245–256; and Salman Masood, “Pakistani leader escapes attempt at assassination,”
New York Times
, December 26, 2003.

257
specifically calling for attacks on Musharraf
: “Arab networks air al Qaeda tape,” CNN.com, September 29, 2003,
http://edition.cnn.com/2003/WORLD/
meast/09/28/alzawahiri.
tape/index.html
.

257
Red Mosque
: Peter Bergen, “Red Dawn: Musharraf’s enemies close in,”
The New Republic
, July 23, 2007.
http://www.newamerica.net/publications/
articles/2007/musharrafs_
enemies_close_5816
.

258
“We will resist”
: Abdul Rashid Ghazi interview with author, Islamabad, Pakistan, May 4, 2007.

258
Ghazi was killed
: “Pakistan militant cleric killed,” BBC News, July 10, 2007.
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south
_asia/6288704.stm
.

258
ambassador intervened
: Howard French, “Mosque siege reveals Chinese connection,”
International Herald Tribune
, July 12, 2007.
http://www.iht.com/articles/2007/07/12/
asia/letter.php
.

258
rallying cry
: Bruce Riedel, “Al-Qaeda’s resurgence in Pakistan,” West Point, Combating Terrorism Center
Sentinel
(December 2007).

258
filled with comfortable villas
: Author observations, Islamabad, Pakistan, 1983–2009.

259
lawyers
: “Pakistan judge row sparks arrests,” BBC, March 26, 2007,
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/
south_asia/6494971.stm
; “most prominently Geo Television”:
The Times of India
, March 16, 2007,
http://www.asiamedia.ucla.edu/
article.asp?parentid=65974
.

259
“We were showing police”
: Hamid Mir, interview by author, Islamabad, Pakistan, May 2 2007. And CNN-IBN, March 16, 2007,
http://www.newssafety.com/
hotspots/countries/pakistan/
miscagencies/pakistan160307.htm
.

259
to emulate neighboring India
: The highest priorities for Pakistanis were free elections, free press and independent judiciary. Terror Free Tomorrow, “Results of a new nationwide public opinion survey before the June 2008 Pakistani
by-elections,” June 2008.
http://www.terrorfreetomorrow.org/
upimagestft/PakistanPoll
ReportJune08.pdf
.

260
a constant barrage of calls
: “Rice calls Musharraf over emergency rule,”
Agence France Presse
, November 5, 2007; declared emergency rule: Griff Witte, “Musharraf declares emergency rule in Pakistan,”
Washington Post
, November 7, 2004.

260
“I admire your courage”
: George W. Bush, quoted in “Bush unaware of Musharraf’s contention,”
Associated Press
, September 23, 2006.
http://www.usatoday.com/news/washington/2006-09-22-
bush-musharraf_x.htm
.

260
“We got real concerns about this”
: Stephen Hadley, interview by author, December 15, 2009, Washington, D.C.

260
“we were getting diddled”
: Frances Fragos Townsend, interview by author, December 7, 2009, Washington, D.C.