The Origins of the British: The New Prehistory of Britain (85 page)

anecdotal evidence
334

Beaker association
103–4

break-up of
6
,
62
,
99
,
110
,
473

Brythonic
70–3
,
75
,
78
,
81

Caesar’s ‘description’
48

classical view
65

coins as evidence
79–80
,
331–4

Continental celtic evidence
329

dating language splits
91–7

dating of
110
,
246–8

as definition of Celtic authenticity
23

early Gaulish roots
59
,
61
,
62

early separation of within Indo-European
99

invasion role
246–8

lack of substratum in English
11

as lingua franca
102

Neolithic spread
105–6

Neolithic–Bronze Age roots
111
,
473–4
,
474–5

personal names evidence
318

place-names evidence
63–4
,
65
,
314
,
320–3
,
324–9
,
325–8

in south-west Europe
62
,
66

in southern Europe
24

as trade-network language
249
,
269

see also
Continental celtic; Gaelic (Goidelic); insular celtic

Celtic origins

British-Continental name links
76–9

C19 authors’ views
51–3

Central European theory
7–8
,
22–3
,
23–4
,
29–30
,
33
,
42
,
50
,
54
,
56
,
57
,
62
,
64
,
66
,
99
,
105–6
,
472

classical view
23
,
31–5
,
51
,
53–4
,
472

Collis’s debunking of Central European theory
51–5

expansion date theories
99

first inscriptions
90

Neolithic/Bronze Age
105–6
,
473–4

south-west Europe theory
5–7
,
32
,
40–5
,
48–9
,
62
,
65
,
66
,
105
,
472

southern Germany theory
46
,
99
,
101
,
104
,
105

Spanish homeland theory
100
,
101
,
105

Celtici
44
,
63

Celto-scepticism
7–9
,
24–5
,
26
,
51–5
,
105
,
471

Celts
see
Atlantic Celts; Insular Celts

chamber tombs
253
,
258

Channel Islands
142
,
144
,
308

Chapman, John
400

chronology

pre-carbon-14
55

stone tools
117

Cimbrian Peninsula
388
,
396
,
403
,
440
,
478

classical authors

Gaul–Celt conflation
25
,
29
,
44–3
,
65

view of British
11–12
,
311–14

view of Celts
23
,
31–5
,
51
,
53–4
,
65
,
105
,
472

climate

and population expansions
283

post-LGM period
123

post-Younger Dryas
154–5
,
163
,
212
,
297

pre-Younger Dryas
151–3

see also
Holocene; Last Glacial Maximum; Younger Dryas Event

Clyde cairns
252

coastal settlements

in British Columbia
161–2

in Mesolithic
156
,
157
,
159

coins

absence in celtic-speaking areas
80
,
330

first British coins
14–15

pre-Roman
12–13
,
79–80
,
368

runic script inscribed
371
,
373

Collis, John
35
,
50–5
,
57
,
61
,
62
,
66
,
76
,
78

Columba, St
82
,
356

Commios (Commius?)
15
,
320
,
330

communal settlements
159

Continental celtic

insular celtic link
90
,
105

insular celtic split
98

languages
97

copper-mining
100
,
103
,
269–70

Corded Ware/Battle Axe Culture
260
,
263–4

Cornish
70–1

Cornovii (England/Scotland)
79
,
81

Cornwall
2–3
,
41
,
67
,
70
,
80
,
81
,
109
,
144
,
308

court tombs (or cairns)
252

craniometry
51

Crawford, Sally
400

Creswellian culture
120
,
121
,
143
,
148

Cronan, Dennis
350

Cruithni tribe
87

culture

Atlantic coast
160–1

English autonomy
15
,
175

invasion vs cultural links
449
,
468

and language
281

non-agricultural
182

North Sea–Creswellian links
148

two-source flow
114
,
204–5
,
269
,
297
,
301
,
308–9
,
481

Cumbria
67

Cumbric
71
,
72–3

Cunliffe, Barry
2–4
,
6
,
35
,
41
,
46
,
102–3
,
109–10
,
109–10
,
161
,
199
,
210–11
,
255
,
260
,
262
,
268–70
,
331
,
445–6
,
447
,
459–60
,
473

Damnonii
75
,
78

Danelaw
448
,
449

Danish Mesolithic
157

Danube, river

Herodotus’ error
24
,
31–4
,
54

as LBK route
200–1

as Neolithic route
6
,
210–11
,
226
,
227

spread of farming
16

Dark Ages

Anglo-Saxon ‘invasion’
10–11
,
147
,
214–15
,
233
,
305–6

English cultural change
403

Frisian ‘invasion’
15
,
172
,
195
,
225

Irish Gaelic spread
86

Viking founding clusters
450–5

Deceangli tribe
69

Denmark

gene matches in Britain
195
,
450–1
,
455

individual graves
260–1

landbridge
181
,
182

Viking raids from
444–5
,
448

Diamond, Jared
283
,
401

diet

hunters vs farmers
206–7

seafood
157
,
158

wild animals
123
,
154–5
,
158–9

diffusionism
56

Dillon, Myles
23

Diodorus Siculus
43
,
44
,
65

dolmens
252
,
253

Domesday Book
413
,
463
,
464

Dumnonii
78
,
80

Dyen, Isidore
95–6
,
97
,
251
,
292
,
293
,
347

Early Bronze Age
270–1

Early Neolithic
228
,
253

East Anglia

Continental land bridge
192

Danish army in
448

Low Countries link
425–6

Norwegian–Swedish links
392
,
396