The Proud Tower (87 page)

147
“Joe’s War”: Kennedy, 315.

148
Salisbury on Chamberlain: Dugdale, I, 67.

149
Balfour to Lady Elcho: Young, 129.

150
Entertaining three duchesses: Frances Balfour, II, 211.

151
“The difference between Joe and Me”: q. Julian Amery,
Life of Joseph Chamberlain
, IV, 464.

152
“Let us defy someone”: q. Adams, 78.

153
Duke of Argyll: Frances Balfour, II, 318.

154
Salisbury to German Ambassador: Hatzfeld to Foreign Office, July 31 1900,
Grosse Politik
(
see
Chap. 5), XVI, 76.

155
Lady Salisbury: Frances Balfour, II, 290.

156
Le Temps
, “What closes today?”: q.
The Times
, July 15, 1902.

157
“Go up at once, Sir James”: Blunt, I, 366.

2. The Idea and the Deed

Bibliography

A
RCHER
, W
ILLIAM
,
The Life, Trial and Death of Francisco Ferrer
, New York, Moffat, Yard, 1911.

B
ARNARD
, H
ARRY
,
Eagle Forgotten: The Life of John Peter Altgeld
, Indianapolis, Bobbs-Merrill, 1938.

B
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, A
LEXANDER
,
Prison Memoirs of an Anarchist
, New York, Mother Earth Publishing Co., 1912.

B
RENAN
, G
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,
The Spanish Labyrinth
, Cambridge, University Press, 1950.

C
HANNING
, W
ALTER
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American Journal of Insanity
, October, 1902, 233–78.

C
HARQUES
, R
ICHARD
D.,
The Twilight of Imperial Russia
, London, Phoenix, 1958.

C
ORTI
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OUNT
E
GON
,
Elizabeth, Empress of Austria
, New Haven, Yale Univ. Press, 1936.

^*
Crapouillot, Numéro Spécial, I’ Anarchie
, Paris, January, 1938.

C
REUX
, V. C.,
Canovas del Castillo, sa carrière, ses œvres, sa fin
, Paris, Leve, 1897.

D
AVID
, H
ENRY
,
History of the Haymarket Affair
, New York, Farrar & Rhinehart, 1936.

^*
E
LTZBACHER
, P
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,
Anarchism
, tr. S. T. Byington, New York, Benjamin Tucker, 1908.

G
OLDMAN
, E
MMA
,
Living My Life
, Vol. I, New York, Knopf, 1931.

H
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, K
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,
Hunger
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H
ARVEY
, G
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,
Henry Clay Frick
, New York, Scribner’s, 1928.

H
UNTER
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OBERT
,
Poverty
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I
SHILL
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OSEPH
,
Peter Kropotkin
, New Jersey, Free Spirit Press, 1923.

——, ed.,
Elisée and Elie Reclus, in Memoriam
, New Jersey, Oriole Press, 1927.

K
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, A
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,
The Crucifixion of Liberty
, New York, John Day, 1934.

K
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, P
RINCE
P
ETER
,
The Conquest of Bread
, New York, Putnam’s, 1907.

——,
Mutual Aid
, London, Heinemann, 1902.

^*
——,
Paroles d’un Révolté
, Paris, Flammarion, 1885.

——, “Anarchism,” in
Encyclopedia Britannica
, 11th ed.

^*
L
ONDON
, J
ACK
,
People of the Abyss
, New York, Macmillan, 1903.

^*
M
AITRON
, J
EAN
,
Histoire du Mouvement Anarchiste en France
, 1880–1914, Paris, Société Universitaire, 1951.

M
ALATESTA
, E
NRICO
,
A Talk Between Two Workers
, tr., 8th ed., London, Freedom Press, n.d.

M
ALATO
, C
HARLES
, “Some Anarchist Portraits,”
Fortnightly Review
, September, 1894.

M
ILIUKOV
, P
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, S
EIGNOBOS
, C
HARLES
, and E
ISENMANN
, L.,
Histoire de Russie
, Vol. III, Leroux, n.p., n.d.

M
IRSKY
, D. S.,
Russia: A Social History
, London, Cresset, 1931.

N
EVINSON
, H
ENRY
W.,
The Dawn in Russia: Scenes in the Russian Revolution
, New York, Harper, 1906.

N
ICOLAEVSKY
, B
ORIS
,
Azev, the Spy
, tr. George Reavey, New York, Double-day, Doran, 1934.

^*
N
OMAD
, M
AX
,
Apostles of Revolution
, Boston, Little, Brown, 1939.

——,
Rebels and Renegades
, New York, Macmillan, 1932.

P
ILAR
, P
RINCESS
O
F
B
AVARIA
, and C
HAPMAN
-H
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, M
AJOR
D.,
Alfonso XIII: A Study of Monarchy
, New York, Dutton, 1932.

R
EGIS
, D
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. E
MMANUEL
,
Les Régicides dans I’ histoire et dans le présent
, Paris, Masson, 1890.

^*
R
IIS
, J
ACOB
A.,
How the Other Half Lives
, New York, Scribner’s, 1890.

^*
S
AVINKOV
, B
ORIS
V.,
Memoirs of a Terrorist
, tr. Joseph Shaplen, New York, Boni, 1931.

S
OREL
, G
EORGES
,
Réflexions sur la violence
, Paris, Pages Libres, 1908.

V
IZETELLY
, E
RNEST
A
LFRED
,
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, London, John Lane, 1911.

W
OODCOCK
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VAKUMOVIC
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The Anarchist Prince: A Biographical Study of Prince Kropotkin
, London, Boardman, 1950.

Three useful books have appeared since this chapter was written:
Anarchism
, by George Woodcock,
The Anarchists
, by James Joll, and
The Anarchists
, an anthology, edited by Irving L. Horowitz.

Notes

I have not thought it necessary, in this chapter, to give separate references for each incident and quotation since they group themselves, according to subject, into easily identifiable sets of sources, as follows:

For the conditions of the poor, Riis, London, Hunter and Chiozza Money (
see
Chap. 1) were my chief contemporary sources. For the ideas and theories of Anarchists of all countries and for excerpts from their writings, Eltzbacher was particularly useful. For French Anarchism all quotations, unless otherwise stated, are from Maitron or Malato (himself one of the French Anarchists of the time), supplemented by
Crapouillot
and Vizetelly. For Emma Goldman and Alexander Berkman their own memoirs are the sources for all quotations. For Johann Most the chapter on him in Nomad’s
A postles
was the chief source. In the sections on Spanish Anarchists the quotations are taken chiefly from contemporary reports in the American press, as noted. For Czolgosz the essential primary source is Channing. For the Russians, Savinkov, himself a member of the Terror Brigade, and Nicolaevsky are primary (and indeed so fascinating that my first version of the Russian incidents, having grown altogether out of proportion, had to be condensed to a fifth of its original length).

Facts and quotations not covered by the foregoing, and which seem to require a specific reference, are separately noted.

1
“A daydream of desperate romantics”: Nomad,
Rebels
, 13.

2
Proudhon, “Whoever lays his hand on me”: from his
Confessions of a Revolutionary
. “To be governed is to be …”: from his
Idée générale de la révolution au vingtiéme siécle
, Epilogue.

3
“Abstract idea of right”: Bakunin said this was Proudhon’s point of departure, q. Nomad,
Apostles
, 15.

4
“Their power will be irresistible”: q. Eltzbacher, 138.

5
“We reckoned without the masses”: q. Nomad,
Apostles
, 205.

6
“The gentry had murdered the Czar” and “Broken and demoralized”: Kerensky, 44–45.

7
Henry James, “sinister anarchic underworld”: from his Preface to
Princess Casamassima
, his novel with Anarchist characters first published in 1886. Johann Most is said to have inspired the conception of the unseen Anarchist leader Hoffendahl in the novel. Another literary exercise in the theme was Joseph Conrad’s rather shallow story “An Anarchist,” published in
Harper’s Weekly
for Aug., 1906, of which the chief point seems to be that Anarchists are people of “warm hearts and weak heads.” It was followed in 1907 by his novel
The Secret Agent
, dealing with plot and conspiracy. Neither James nor Conrad was concerned with the underlying social origins or social philosophy of Anarchism.

8
August Spies quoted: David, 332–39.

9
“I want the Day of Judgment!”: a story told by Robert Blatchford, q. London, 298.

10
“What is Property?”: the title of his second treatise,
Qu’est ce que la propriété?
1840.

11
“All mankind’s tormentors”: from his
Dieu et I’Etat
, 2nd ed., 1892, 11.

12
Woman who made match boxes and young man in the river: Riis, 47 and London, 205–07.

13
“Eight hours of work”: q. Maitron, 186.

14
Nevinson on Kropotkin:
Changes and Chances
(
see
Chap. 1), 125.

15
Shaw on Kropotkin: q. Woodcock, 225.

16
“Galloping decay” of states:
Paroles
, 8–10.

17
“Inertia of those who have a vested interest”:
Paroles
, 275–76.

18
Brousse, “The idea is on the march”: q.
Crapouillot
, 15.

19
“By dagger, gun and dynamite”: q.
ibid
., 15.

20
“Men of courage … the deed of mutiny”:
Paroles
, 285.

21
“A single deed …”:
ibid
., 285.

22
La Révolte
of March, 1891; q. Maitron, 240.

23
Argument with Ben Tillett and Tom Mann: Ford (
see
Chap. 1), 110.

24
Plans for Anarchist society: Kropotkin’s
Revolutionary Studies, Conquest of Bread, I’Anarchie dans I’évolution social
. Malatesta’s
Talk Between Two Workers.