The Race Underground: Boston, New York, and the Incredible Rivalry That Built America's First Subway (57 page)

Harmon, Nellie

Harrison, Benjamin

Hart, Thomas N.

Harvard Law School

Haymarket Square railroad station (Boston)

Hearst, William Randolph

Hedley, Frank

Hennessey, Michael E.

Hewitt, Abram

death of

enmity with W. Whitney

marries

mayor of New York City

and Parsons

and subway financing

transit plans

Hill, David B.

Hoffman, John

Hoffman, J. W., and Co.

Holbrook, Cabot & Rollins

holding companies

homelessness

Hoosac Tunnel, Massachusetts

horse-drawn streetcars

in Boston

in New York City

problems with

range of

horseless carriage

horses

health and welfare of

nuisance of

as power source

Hosmer, Thomas B.

Hotel Pelham (Boston)

Houston Street, West Street & Pavonia Ferry Railroad Company

Howe, Elias

Howe, Leonard

Howes, Osborne, Jr.

human remains, encountered on subway digs

hurricane Sandy

Hyde, Henry D.

immigrants

Incas

Inman, John

Interborough Rapid Transit Company (IRT)

charter of, how obtained

International Electrical Exhibition (Philadelphia, 1885)

Intramural Railway (Chicago World’s Fair)

inventions, 19th-century

Irish

in Boston

in New York

Italians, in Boston

Jackson, William

Jackson, Willis G.

Jack the Ripper

Jacques, Washington L.

Jane, Fred T.

janitors in subways

Jencks, Francis M.

Jersey City, N.J.

Jerusalem

Jews, in New York

Johnson, Edward Hibbard

Jones, George

Jones, J. Edwin

Jones and Meehan

Jordan, Eben D.

Jordan Marsh and Company

Keatinge, Mary

Keats, John

Keefe, David

Kemble, William

Kennedy, John Fitzgerald

Kerley, Charles Gilmore

kinetoscopes

Klein, Paul

Knight, Walter

Koplan, Wolf

Ladies Mile (New York City)

Lansing, Isaac J.

Lent, Smith

lighting in subways.
See also
electric lighting

Lincoln, Abraham

Little, Samuel

Liverpool

loading and unloading of subway passengers

Lodge, Henry Cabot

loitering, signs prohibiting

London, post office

London subway (the Underground)

disadvantages of

electrification of

as model

opening ceremonies

size of system

smoke-filled

successful operation of

tunneling of

ventilation of

world’s first subway

London transit system

1825 transportation

electrification of

ridership

traffic congestion

tunnels

See also
London subway

Long, Francis

Longstreet, Daniel

Los Angeles, Subway to the Sea

Low, Seth

Lowell family

Lower East Side, New York City

Lozier, John

Lynch, Father Thomas

Lynn & Boston Railroad

Macy’s, W. H., department store

Maine,
U.S.S.

Malone, R. A.

Manhattan, geology of

Manhattan Elevated Railway Company

manure

maps of subway routes used in construction

Marshall, Walter Gore

Massachusetts

politics

railroads of

Massachusetts Board of Railroad Commissioners

Matthews, Nathan, Jr.

“father of the subway” (Boston)

Maverick Bank

McBean, Duncan

McCabe brothers

McCarthy, Jeremiah J.

McCarthy Bros. and Co.

McClellan, George B.

McCue, John

McDonald, John Bart

death of

at opening of New York subway

wins New York bid

work on subway construction

McKim, Mead and White

McKinley, William C.

McMullen, Charles

McNamee, John

Mechanics’ Magazine

Meehan, Edward

Meehan, Michael

opposes Boston subway

wins Boston contract

work on subway construction

Meehan, Patrick

Meehan, Robert Emmet

“Meehanville”

Meigs, Joseph V.

Meisinger, John

Merchant’s Anti-Subway League (Boston)

Merrill, Moody

Metropolitan Museum of Art (New York)

Metropolitan Railroad (Boston)

Metropolitan Railway (London)

Metropolitan Steamship Company (Boston)

Metropolitan Street Railway Company (New York)

bankrupt

Metropolitan Traction Company (New York)

Miami, Florida

Micher, John

milk, drinking of, by infants

miners in subway construction

mines, ventilation of

monorail, proposed for Boston

Monte Salviano, near Rome, Italy

Montgomery, Alabama

Moore, Annie

Moore, Ira

Morgan, J. Pierpont

Morison, Samuel Eliot

Morrison, George L.

Morse, Samuel F. B.

motorman, first subway

multiple-unit control

Munn, Orson Desaix

Murray, William

Murray Hill, New York

Murray Hill Hotel

National Cordage Company

National Power Traction Laboratory (China)

Nawn, H. P.

New Orleans

New York (state), rivalry with Massachusetts

New York Cable Railway Company

New York City

1825 population

1860s population

1880s population

1890s population

1900s population

absorbs Brooklyn

building boom in

congestion and garbage in

cultural boom in

dirty politics in

gay nineties

ground and bedrock of

millionaires in

office buildings in

real estate developers

reform under Hewitt

sex business in (1880s)

temperament of New Yorkers

New York City Hall, Rotunda of

New York City transit system

1825 traffic

1830s and 1840s traffic

1850s traffic

bids to build and run a subway, failure to obtain (1892)

cable system for

consolidation of, by W. Whitney and partners

electrification of

elevated lines

Hewitt’s modernization plan (1888)

horsecar lines

planning of

privately built and operated, as policy

publicly built and leased to highest bidder, as policy

rapid transit system begun

rationalization of routes

subway plans

subway vs. elevated lines debate

See also
New York subway

New York District Railway

New York Gas and Electric Light

New York harbor

New York & Harlem Railroad Company

The New York Herald

New York Loan and Improvement Company

New York Public Library

New York subway

accidents during construction

charter to operate

consideration of

construction workers

contractors’ bids (1897)

contractors’ bids (1900)

deaths during construction

depth of, average

depth of, maximum

groundbreaking ceremonies

opened to the public

opening celebrations

operation of, bid on

questions asked and answered in newspapers

ridership

shut because of hurricane Sandy in 2012

Steinway and Parsons plan (1896)

tour of

tunneling of

walls and roofs

The New York Sun

New York Supreme Court

The New York Times

New York Transit Commission (Steinway commission)

The New York Tribune

nineteenth century, an age of innovation

Ninth Avenue elevated (New York City)

O’Brien, Hugh

O’Brien, James

O’Donnell, Edward

O’Keefe, Michael

Olmsted, Frederick Law

omnibuses

decline of

Onderdonk, Andrew

O’Reilly, F. C., and Company

O’Rourke, Matthew

Orr, Alexander E.

O’Shaughnessy, Pat

Otis, Elisha Graves

Page, William Hussey

Pain Fireworks Company

panics

of 1873

of 1893

Paris, 1825 transportation

Paris subway

construction

Park Street Church

Parsons, Harry de Berkeley

Parsons, William Barclay

Parsons, William Barclay, Jr.

drafts new plan for subway (1896)

engineering job in China

engineering successes in later life

hired by New York

mentioned

at opening of New York subway

plan for double-deck tunnels

recommends subway for New York

signing of bid for subway construction

surveying Manhattan

tours foreign subway systems

as transit commission engineer

work on subway construction

Parsons Brinckerhoff

Parsons brothers partnership

patents

Payne, Flora (Mrs. William Whitney)

Payne, Oliver Hazard

Payne family

Peabody, Francis, Jr.

Pearson, Frederick Stark

hired by New York

Peckham, Wheeler H.

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

Philadelphia and Reading Railroad

phonographs

pianos

Pierce, Franklin

Pilkington, James

Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

pneumatic postal tube

pneumatic railway tube

first, under Broadway

test rides for public

Poe, Edgar Allan

Pomeroy, Henry A. G.

Porter, Rufus

postal services, pneumatic mail transport in

Post Road, New York

Potter, Asa

Powers, Michael

power sources for transportation.
See
cables; electric power; fans; horses; steam power

Pratt, Walter

Prince, Frederick

Providence, Rhode Island

Public Garden, Boston

Pulitzer, Joseph

quadricycle

Quincy, Josiah

railroads, long-distance

19th century growth of

railroads, urban

halted by the blizzard of 1888

rails, for vehicles

Rainsford, W. S.

Rammell, T. W.

Randolph, Edith S.

Rapid Transit Act of 1891 (New York)

Rapid Transit Act of 1894 (New York)

Rapid Transit Commission (Massachusetts)

Rapid Transit Commission (New York)

Rapid Transit Subway Construction Company (New York)

real estate developers

Boston

New York City

The Real Estate Record

Reed, Anna DeWitt

Reed, James

Regan, Thomas J.

Republican Party

restaurants in New York

Rice, George

Richards, Calvin

Richmond, Virginia, transit system

Richmond Union Passenger Railway

Ridley, E., and Sons

Robertson, Roderick

Robinson, Edwin Arlington

Rochegrosse, Georges Antoine, painting by

Rockland Bank

Rodder, Bernard

Roman engineering

Roosevelt, Theodore

Roots, P. H. & F. M., Company

Roxbury Crossing line, incident at

Roy, Thomas

Russell, Henry

Russell, William

Ryan, Thomas (Boston engineer)

Ryan, Thomas Fortune (New York capitalist)

safety, feeling of

Safety Association of Steam Engineers

Saint Louis, Missouri

Saint-Quentin Canal, France

Salter, Robert M.

sandhogs

Sandy (hurricane)

San Francisco, California

Sargent, John Singer

Scheutte, William

Schuylkill and Susquehanna Canal, Pennsylvania

Scientific American

Scientific American Patent Agency

Seaman, Dr. Louis Livingston

Second Avenue elevated (New York City)

Second Avenue subway (New York City)

sewer lines

sewing machine

Shaler, Ira

called the “Hoodoo Contractor”

death of

Sharp, Jacob

Shepard, Anson

Shepard, Edward M.

Shipley, F. B.

shipwrecks

Siemens, Werner

Sixth Avenue elevated (New York City)

Smith, Alfred E.

Smith, Melville C.

Sociable
(carriage)

Society of Arts (Boston)

Sousa, John Philip

South Ferry Railroad Company

souvenirs

Spanish-American War

speed of subways

Spencer, Aaron W.

sports in New York

Sprague, Frances P. (née Lowell)

Sprague, Frank

in Boston

death of

and electric motor development

and electric transit

job with Edison

marriage

resigns Edison position

Sprague Electric Railway & Motor Company

Springfield, Massachusetts

Spuyten Duyvil, New York

stairways into subways

Stanton, Edwin M.

Start, W. A.

stations, subway

Statue of Liberty

steam power

overground, urban

as power source

problem with

in underground railways

Stearns, Fred

steel used in subway construction

Steinway, William

Steinway (Steinweg) family

Steinway & Sons

Stone, John

Stone, Mary

streetcars.
See
horse-drawn streetcars

Street Railway Journal