The War of the Jewels (36 page)

On the Pennas of Pengolod see V.201-4.

'These Melko built in the elder days' > 'These Melkor had built in ages past'

$106. Hisilome was written in the margin of the manuscript against -

Hithlum in the text (the latter not struck out). This is not in LQ 1, but LQ 2 has 'Hithlum (Hisilome)' in the text.

Eredlomin > the Eryd Lammad. This form (not in LQ 1) has not occurred before, and is not (I believe) found elsewhere: in $105

Eredlomin was left unchanged.

'And Nivrost was a pleasant land watered by the wet winds from the sea, and sheltered from the North, whereas the rest of Hithlum was open to the cold winds' was struck out and replaced by the following (which does not appear in LQ 1):

And Nivrost was by some held to belong rather to Beleriand than to Hithlum, for it was a milder land, watered by the wet winds from the Sea and sheltered from the North and East, whereas Hithlum was open to cold north-winds. But it was a hollow land, surrounded by mountains and great coast-cliffs higher than the plains behind, and no river flowed thence. Wherefore there was a great mere amidmost, and it had no certain shores, being encircled by wide marshes. Linaewen was the name of that mere, because of the multitude of birds that dwelt there, of such as love tall reeds and shallow pools. Now at the coming of the Noldor many of the Grey-elves (akin to those of the Falas) lived still in Nivrost, nigh to the coasts, and especially about Mount Taras in the south-west; for to that place Ulmo and Osse had been wont to come in days of old. All that folk took Turgon for their lord, and so it came to pass that in Nivrost the mingling of Noldor and Sindar began sooner than elsewhere; and Turgon dwelt long in those halls that he named Vinyamar, under Mount Taras beside the Sea. There it was that Ulmo afterwards appeared to him.

This passage introduced a number of new elements: the topography of Nivrost (the high coast-cliffs are represented on the second map as originally drawn, p. 182), and Lake Linaewen (which appears also in the later Tale of Tuor, Unfinished Tales p. 25, with the same description of Nivrost as a 'hollow land'); the coming of Ulmo and Osse to Mount Taras in the ancient days; and the conception that Sindarin Elves dwelt in Nivrost near the coast and especially about Mount Taras, and that they took Turgon to be their lord at the coming of the Noldor to Middle-earth. The later story that there were many Grey-elves among Turgon's people appears in the rewritten annal for the year 116 in GA (see $$107, 113 and the commentary on those passages).

The footnote in the QS manuscript 'Ilkorin name' to the sentence

'the great highland that the Gnomes first named Dorthonion' was struck out, and in the text 'Gnomes' was changed to 'Dark-elves'.

The extent of Dorthonion from west to east was changed from 'a hundred leagues' to 'sixty leagues'; on this change, made to bring the distance into harmony with the second map, see V.272.

$107. The length of Sirion from the pass to the Delta was changed from 'one hundred and twenty-one leagues' to 'one hundred and thirty-one leagues'. The former measurement (see V.272) was the length of Sirion in a straight line from the northern opening of the Pass to the Delta; the new measurement is from Eithel Sirion to the Delta.

$108. A footnote was added to the first occurrence of Eredlindon: Which signifieth the Mountains of Ossiriand; for the Gnomes

[LQ 2 Noldor] called that land Lindon, the region of music, and they first saw these mountains from Ossiriand. But their right name was Eredluin the Blue Mountains, or Luindirien the Blue Towers.

This note, which may go back to a time near to the writing of QS, has been given and discussed in V.267, $108. The last five words were struck out on the manuscript and do not appear in LQ 1, the typist of which put the footnote into the body of the text and garbled the whole passage, which however remained uncorrected.

The words 'quoth AElfwine' were added to the manuscript at the end of the footnote, but appear only in LQ 2.

'a tangled forest' > 'Taur-im-Duinath, a tangled forest' (of the land between Sirion and Gelion south of the Andram; see under $113 below). On the second map this region is named Taur i Melegyrn or Taur na Chardhin (see p. 185).

'while that land lasted' > 'while their realm lasted'

$109. The extent of West Beleriand between Sirion and the Sea was changed from 'seventy leagues' to 'ninety-nine leagues', another change harmonising the distance with the second map (see V.272).

In 'the realm of Nargothrond, between Sirion and Narog' 'Sirion'

was changed to 'Taiglin'.

$110. From the words 'first the empty lands' at the beginning of the paragraph all that followed in QS as far as 'Next southward lay the kingdom of Doriath' was struck out and replaced by the following on an attached rider:

first between Sirion and Mindeb the empty land of Dimbar under the peaks of the Crissaegrim, abode of eagles, south of Gondolin (though that was for long unknown); then between Mindeb and the upper waters of Esgalduin the no-land of Nan Dungorthin.

And that region was filled with fear, for upon its one side the power of Melian fenced the north-march of Doriath, but upon the other side the sheer precipices of Ered Orgoroth [> Orgorath], mountains of terror, fell down from high Dorthonion. Thither Ungoliante had fled from the whips of the Balrogs, and had dwelt there a while, filling the hideous ravines with her deadly gloom, and there still, when she had passed away, her foul broods lurked and wove their evil nets; and the thin waters that spilled from Ered Orgoroth [> Orgorath] were all defiled, and perilous to drink, for the hearts of those that tasted them were filled with shadows of madness and despair. All living things shunned that land, and the Noldor would pass through Nan Dungorthin only at great need, by paths nigh to the borders of Doriath, and furthest from the haunted hills.

But if one fared that way he came eastward across Esgalduin and Aros (and Dor Dinen the silent land between) to the North Marches of Beleriand, where the sons of Feanor dwelt. But southward lay the kingdom of Doriath...

On the name Crissaegrim (which occurs, in the spelling Crisaegrim, in GA $161) see V.290, $147. In this passage is the first appearance of Dor Dinen 'the Silent Land' (added to the map p. 183, square D 10). The story that Ungoliante dwelt in Nan Dungorthin when she fled from the Balrogs appears in the Annals of Aman (X.109, 123; cf. also X.297, $20).

'where he turned westward' (with reference to the river Esgalduin) ) 'where it turned westward'.

$111. The marginal note to the name Thargelion 'or Radhrost' was changed to 'Radhrost in the tongue of Doriath.'

'This region the Elves of Doriath named Umboth Muilin, the Twilight Meres, for there were many mists' > 'This region the Noldor named Aelinuial and the Dark-elves Umboth Muilin, the Twilight Meres, for they were wrapped in mists', and the footnote giving the Gnomish names Hithliniath and Aelin-uial was struck out (thus LQ 1). Later emendation removed the words 'and the Dark-elves Umboth Muilin' (thus LQ 2).

$112. The opening word 'For' was changed to 'Now'; and in the following sentence 'Umboth Muilin' was changed to 'Aelin-uial'.

The passage beginning 'Yet all the lower plain of Sirion' was changed to read thus: 'Yet all the lower fields of Sirion were divided from the upper fields by this sudden fall, which to one looking from the south northward appeared as an endless chain of hills'. In the following sentence 'Narog came south through a deep gorge' >

'Narog came through these hills in a deep gorge'. (There is an error in the text of this sentence as printed (V.262): 'on its west bank rose'

should read 'on its west bank the land rose'.) $113. The last sentence of the paragraph (and the beginning of $114) was rewritten to read:

But until that time all the wide woods south of the Andram and between Sirion and Gelion were little known. Taur-im-Duinath, the forest between the two rivers, the Gnomes [LQ 2 Noldor]

called that region, but few ever ventured in that wild land; and east of it lay the far green country of Ossiriand...

On Taur-im-Duinath see under $108 above.

$114. At the name Adurant there is a footnote to the text in QS, which like that in $108 may belong to a relatively early time (see my remarks in the commentary, V.268):

And at a point nearly midway in its course the stream of Adurant divided and joined again, enclosing a fair island; and this was called Tolgalen, the Green Isle. There Beren and Luthien dwelt after their return.

$115. The opening sentence of the paragraph was rewritten thus:

'There dwelt the Nandor, the Elves of the Host of Dan, who in the beginning were of Telerian race, but forsook their lord Thingol upon the march from Cuivienen ...' On the first appearance of the name Nandor, a people originally from the host of the Noldor, see X.169, $28.

'Of old the lord of Ossiriand was Denethor': 'son of Dan' added after 'Denethor'. In the same sentence 'Melko' > 'Morgoth'.

It is notable that the phrase 'in the days when the Orcs were first made' was never altered.

At the end of the paragraph was added: 'For which reason the Noldor named that land Lindon', with a footnote '[The Country of Music >] The Land of Song' (see under $108 above); and '(Here endeth the matter taken from the Dorgannas)', on which see under $105 above.

$116. The whole of the latter part of this paragraph, from after the words 'But Turgon the wise, second son of Fingolfin, held Nivrost', was struck out and the following substituted (which does not appear in LQ 1):

(But Turgon the wise ... held Nivrost), and there he ruled a numerous folk, both Noldor and Sindar, for one hundred years and sixteen, until he departed in secret to a hidden kingdom, as afterwards is told.'

This passage belongs with the long replacement in $106 given above, which likewise does not appear in LQ 1.

$117. 'But Angrod and Egnor watched Bladorion' > 'His younger brethren Angrod and Egnor watched the fields of Ard-galen'

$120. Tindobel (see V.270, commentary on QS $$119-20) Ingildon (cf. GA $90 and commentary, p. 118).

*

These are all the changes (save for a very few of no significance) made to the QS manuscript. A number of further changes were made to the top copy of the late typescript LQ 2 (the carbon copy was not touched).

The chapter-number 'XIV' was inserted (see p. 179, $100); and at the head of the first page my father wrote: 'This is a geographical and political insertion and may be omitted. It requires a map, of which I have not had time to make a copy.' This sounds as if he were preparing the LQ 2 typescript for someone to see it (cf. his words against $82 in the chapter 'Of Men' in LQ 2: 'This depends upon an old version in which the Sun was first made after the death of the Trees (described in a chapter omitted)', p. 175); in which case the words here 'and may be omitted' were much more probably advice to the presumed reader than a statement of intention about the inclusion of the chapter in The Silmarillion.

$105. Ered-engrin > Eryd Engrin

'(Utumno)... at the western end' > 'at the midmost'. This shift of Utumno eastwards is implied in the hasty note pencilled on the LQ 2

text of Chapter 2, Of Valinor and the Two Trees, in which the story entered that Angband also was built in the ancient days, 'not far from the northwestern shores of the Sea' (see X.156, $12, and the addition made to this paragraph, given below).

Eredwethion > Erydwethrin (and subsequently).

Eredlomin > Erydlomin. In LQ 2 $106 the name of the Echoing Mountains is Eryd Lammad, following the change made to the QS

manuscript there (p. 192) but not here; and Eryd Lammad was allowed to stand.

The passage 'Behind their walls Melkor coming back into Middle-earth made the endless dungeons of Angband, the hells of iron, where of old Utumno had been. But he made a great tunnel under them...' was emended on LQ 2 to read:

Behind their walls Melkor had made also a fortress (after called Angband) as a defence against the West, if any assault should come from Valinor. This was in the command of Sauron. It was captured by the Valar, and Sauron fled into hiding; but being in haste to overthrow Melkor in his great citadel of Utumno, the Valar did not wholly destroy Angband nor search out all its deep places; and thither Sauron returned and many other creatures of Melkor, and there they waited in hope for the return of their Master. Therefore when he came back into Middle-earth Melkor took up his abode in the endless dungeons of Angband, the hells of iron; and he made a great tunnel under them...

$106. Nivrost > Nevrast (and subsequently; see p. 179, $100). The footnote to the first occurrence of Nivrost 'Which is West Vale in the tongue of Doriath' was struck out and replaced by the following: Which is 'Hither Shore' in the Sindarin tongue, and was given at first to all the coast-lands south of Drengist, but was later limited to the land whose shores lay between Drengist and Mount Taras.

$108. To the name Taur-im-Duinath (a later addition to QS, p. 193) a footnote was added: 'Forest between the Rivers (sc. Sirion and Gelion)'. This interpretation occurs in fact in a rewriting of the QS

text at a later point: p. 195, $113.

$110. At the two occurrences of Nan Dungorthin in the long replacement passage in this paragraph given on p. 193-4 the later form Nan Dungortheb was substituted.