Why Did the Chicken Cross the World? (41 page)

95
His wife, Imelda
: Luzong, interview.

95
Then, in 1997
: Ibid.

96
The island of Macao
: Terri C. Walker,
The 2000 Casino and Gaming Business Market Research Handbook
(Norcross, GA: Richard K. Miller and Associates, 2000), 352.

96
Some sources say that
:
Philippines Free Press
62, no. 14–26 (1969), 68.

97
Animal-rights activists claim
: Victoria Maranan, “Gamefowl Breeders Convention Ruffles Feathers,”
KXII
, August 11, 2011, accessed March 24, 2014,
http://www.kxii.com/news/headlines/Humane_society_accuse_gamefowl_breeders_association_for_illegal_activity_127567283.html
;
Animal Fighting Prohibition Enforcement Act of 2005: Hearing on H.R. 817, May 18, 2006, Before the Subcommittee on Crime, Terrorism, and Homeland Security of the Committee on the Judiciary
,
109th Cong., (2006), 20.

97
Police arrested game-fowl
:
Ngoc Nguyen, “Ind. Man Arrested After Story in Filipino Cockfight Magazine,” New America Media, August 10, 2010, accessed March 19, 2014,
http://newamericamedia.org/2010/08/ind-man-arrested-after-story-in-filipino-cockfight-magazine.php
.

98
Some 15 million game fowl
: Rolando Luzong, “Bantay-Sabong Special Report,” Bantay-­Sabong's Facebook page, July 14, 2012, accessed March 19, 2014,
https://www.facebook.com/permalink.php?id=398215130241725&story_fbid=494144780601019
.

98
The flamboyant buttercup
: “History of Breeds,” University of Illinois Extension, Incubation and Embryology, accessed March 19, 2014,
http://urbanext.illinois.edu/eggs/res10-breedhistory.html
.

99
The research provided
: Freyja Imsland et al., “The Rose-comb Mutation in Chickens Constitutes a Structural Rearrangement Causing Both Altered Comb Morphology and Defective Sperm Motility,”
PLoS Genetics
8, no. 6 (2012): E1002775, doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1002775.

99
In northern Thailand, for
: “Trance Dancing and Spirit Possession in Northern Thailand,”
Sanuk
(blog), November 19, 2010, accessed March 19, 2014,
http://sanuksanuk.wordpress.com/2010/11/19/trance-dancing-and-spirit-possession-in-northern-thailand/
.

100
One of the earliest recorded
: Robert Joe Cutter,
The Brush and the Spur: Chinese Culture and the Cockfight
(Hong Kong: Chinese University Press, 1989), 10.

100
“Thus from which”
: Ibid., 14.

100
In a tomb just outside
: J. Maxwell Miller and John H. Hayes,
A History of Ancient Israel and Judah
(Philadelphia: Westminster Press, 1986), 422.

100
Another seal with a fighting
: K. A. D. Smelik,
Writings from Ancient Israel: A Handbook of Historical and Religious Documents
(Louisville, KY: Westminster/John Knox Press, 1991), 140.

100
Philistines in the nearby port
: Paula Hesse, interview by Andrew Lawler, 2013.

100
A Chinese Daoist
: Louis Komjathy, “Works Consulted and Further Reading,” in “Animals and Daoism,”
Advocacy for Animals
(blog), September 26, 2011, accessed March 20, 2014,
http://advocacy.britannica.com/blog/advocacy/2011/09/daoism-and-­animals/
.

100
At the same time, in ancient Greece
:
Judith M. Barringer,
The Hunt in Ancient Greece
(Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2001), 90.

101
The birds adorned the high
: Fredrick J. Simons,
Eat Not This Flesh: Food Avoidances from Prehistory to the Present
(Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1994), 154.

101
In India, British officers
: Linda Colley,
Captives: Britain, Empire and the World, 1600–1850
(London: J. Cape, 2002), 349.

101
An English visitor to China
: R. P. Forster,
Collection of the Most Celebrated Voyages and Travels from the Discovery of America to the Present Time
,
vol. 3 (Google eBook: 1818), 321.

101
A European visitor to early
: Eric Dunning,
Sport Matters: Sociological Studies of Sport, Violence and Civilisation
(London: Routledge, 1999).

101
King Henry VIII built
: Sarah Stanton and Martin Banham,
Cambridge Paperback Guide to Theatre
(Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996), 72.

102
James I was a cocker
: Joseph Strutt and William Hone,
The Sports and Pastimes of the People of England: Including the Rural and Domestic Recreations, May Games, Mummeries, Shows, Processions, Pageants, and Pompous Spectacles, from the Earliest Period to the Present Time
(London: printed for Thomas Tegg, 1841), 282.

102
“Can this cock-pit”:
Albert Rolls,
Henry V
(New York: Infobase Publishing, 2010), 251.

102
The Globe Theatre
: “Entertainment at Shakespeare's Globe Theatre,” No Sweat Shakespeare, accessed March 20, 2014,
http://www.nosweatshakespeare.com/resources/globe-theatre-entertainment/
; William Shakespeare,
The Yale Shakespeare
, Wilbur L. Cross and Tucker Brooke, eds. (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1918), 122.

102
The diarist Samuel Pepys
: Samuel Pepys,
The Diary of Samuel Pepys
(New York: Croscup & Sterling, 1900), 385.

102
“It is wonderful to see the courage”
: Edward Walford,
Old and New London: A Narrative of Its History, Its People, and Its Places
(London: Cassell, 1879), 375.

102
A Scottish writer in
: William Edward Hartpole Lecky,
A History of England in the Eighteenth Century
, vol. 1 (London: Longmans, Green, and Co. 1878), Online Library of Liberty, accessed March 20, 2014,
http://oll.libertyfund.org/?option=com_staticxt&staticfile=show.php%3Ftitle=2035&chapter=145242&layout=html
.

102
At Newcastle upon Tyne
: Tony Collins et al., eds.,
Encyclopedia of Traditional British Rural Sports
(London: Routledge, 2005), s.v. “Cockfighting.”

102
William Hogarth's 1759
: Frederic George Stephens and M. Dorothy George, eds.,
Catalogue of Prints and Drawings in the British Museum
(London: By Order of the Trustees, 1870), 1223.

102
When Parliament banned
: “Police Magistrates, Metropolis Act 1833,” Animal Rights ­History, accessed March 20, 2014,
http://www.animalrightshistory.org/animal-rights-law/romantic-legislation/1833-uk-act-police-metropolis.htm
.

103
“The old story about”
: Robert Boddice, interview by Andrew Lawler, 2013; see Rob Boddice,
A History of Attitudes and Behaviours toward Animals in Eighteenth- and ­Nineteenth-century Britain: Anthropocentrism and the Emergence of Animals
(Lewiston, NY: Edwin Mellen Press, 2008).

103
The British Parliament
: Boddice,
A History of Attitudes and Behaviors
,
22.

103
Though cockfighting
: “Hunting Act 2004,” The National Archives, accessed March 20, 2014,
http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/37/contents
.

103
After dining in Williamsburg
: George Washington,
The Daily Journal of Major George Washington, in 1751–2
,
ed. Joseph M. Toner
(Albany, NY: J. Munsell's Sons, 1892), 76.

103
That same year, the capital's
: Ed Crews, “Once Popular and Socially Acceptable: Cockfighting,”
Colonial Williamsburg
, Autumn 2008,
accessed March 20, 2014,
http://www.history.org/Foundation/journal/Autumn08/rooster.cfm
.

103
The Virginia General Assembly
: Gerald R. Gems et al.,
Sports in American History: From Colonization to Globalization
(Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics, 2008), 1;
Proceedings of the First Provincial Congress of Georgia, 1775: Proceedings of the Georgia Council of Safety, 1775 to 1777; Account of the Siege of Savannah, 1779, from a British Source
(Savannah, GA: Savannah Chapter of the Daughters of the American Revolution, 1901), 7.

104
In 1782, a twenty-eight-year-old
: “Third Great Seal Committee—May 1782,” accessed March 20, 2014,
http://www.greatseal.com/committees/thirdcomm/
.

104
Thomas Jefferson avoided
:
Encyclopedia Virginia
, s.v. “ ‘Life of Isaac Jefferson of Petersburg, Virginia, Blacksmith' by Isaac Jefferson (1847),” last modified May 3, 2013, accessed March 20, 2014,
http://www.encyclopediavirginia.org/_Life_of_Isaac_Jefferson_of_Petersburg_Virginia_Blacksmith_by_Isaac_Jefferson_1847
; Fawn McKay Brodie,
Thomas Jefferson, an Intimate History
(New York: W. W. Norton, 1974), 63.

104
“His passions are terrible”
: H. W. Brands,
Andrew Jackson: His Life and Times
(New York: Doubleday, 2005), 97.

104
He is quoted as saying
:
T. F. Schwartz,
For the People: A Newsletter of the Abraham Lincoln Association
, Springfield, IL, Spring 2003, 5:1.

104
Mark Twain watched a match
: Mark Twain and Charles Dudley Warner,
The Writings of Mark Twain
(New York: Harper & Bros., 1915), 340.

104
The media magnate William Randolph Hearst
: William Randolph Hearst,
William Randolph Hearst, a Portrait in His Own Words
, ed. Edmond D. Coblentz (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1952), 239.

104
Not until 2008
: Ed Anderson, “Louisiana's Ban on Cockfighting Takes Effect Friday,”
The Times-Picayune
, August 12, 2008, last modified October 12, 2009, accessed March 20, 2014,
http://www.nola.com/news/index.ssf/2008/08/louisianas_ban_on_cockfighting.html
.

105
Two large cockpit
: “The Newport Plain Talk—Print Story,”
The Newport Plain Talk
, accessed March 20, 2014, http://newportplaintalk.com/printstory/10546.

105
Thomas Farrow, who led
: J. J. Stambaugh, “Strategy, Stealth Key for FBI in Cocke County Investigative Work,”
Knoxville News Sentinel
, October 5, 2008, accessed March 20, 2014,
http://www.knoxnews.com/news/2008/Oct/05/a-tough-case-to-crack/.

105
In 2013, a Tennessee
: Hank Hayes, “Subcommittee Kills Bill to Raise Cockfighting Fine in Tennessee,”
Kingsport Times-News
, April 14, 2011, accessed March 20, 2014,
http://www.timesnews.net/article/9031289/subcommittee-kills-bill-to-raise-cockfighting-fine-in-tennessee
.

105
“Slavery also is a”
: Jon Lundberg, interview by Andrew Lawler, 2013.

105
More than a century and a half
:
Sam Youngman and Janet Patton, “Cockfighting Enthusiasts Angry with McConnell for Supporting Farm Bill That Stiffens Penalties,”
Lexington Herald Leader
, February 19, 2014.

105
Bevin attended a pro-cockfighting rally
: John Boel, “Politicians at Cockfighting Rally Caught on Video,” April 24, 2014, last modified June 8, 2014, accessed May 15, 2014,
http://www.wave3.com/story/25336346/politicians-not-chicken-to-support-the-right-to-cockfight#.U1nZ1fxJLqA.twitter
.

105
His attendance and comments
: Page One, “Everything About Bevin Is a Giant Contra­diction,” April 29, 2014, accessed May 15, 2014,
http://pageonekentucky.com/2014/04/29/everything-about-bevin-is-a-giant-contradiction/?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+PageOne+(Page+One)
.

106
But today, high-tech drugs
: Congressional Record, V. 153, PT. 6, March 26, 2007, to April 17, 2007, 7644.

106
On the outskirts
: Lorenzo Fragiel, interview by Andrew Lawler, 2013.

6. Giants upon the Scene

109
This blessed day will I go
: Herman Melville, “Cock-a-Doodle-Doo!”
Harper's Magazine
8 (1854): 80.

109
Few Westerners took Marco Polo
: Stephen G. Haw,
Marco Polo's China: A Venetian in the Realm of Khubilai Khan
(London: Routledge, 2006), 130.

110
“Perhaps no officer of equal”
:
Dictionary of National Biography
,
eds. Leslie Stephen and Sidney Lee (London: Smith, Elder and Co., 1885), s.v. “Belcher, Sir Edward (1799–1877).”

110
The
Dictionary: Basil Stuart-Stubbs, “Belcher, Sir Edward,” in
Dictionary of Canadian Biography
, vol. 10, accessed March 20, 2014,
http://www.biographi.ca/en/bio/belcher_edward_10E.html
.

110
Belcher was from
: Anonymous,
Men of the Time: Biographical Sketches of Eminent Living Characters . . . Also Biographical Sketches of Celebrated Women of the Time
(London: Kent, 1859), 55.

110
Shortly after, Diana Belcher
: Edward Belcher et al.,
A Report of the Judgment: Delivered on the Sixth Day of June, 1835
(London: Saunders and Benning, 1835).