Ancient Iraq (76 page)

Teye,
258

Thebes (Egypt),
256
,
257
,
282
,
331

Thebes (Greece),
427

Thrace,
266
,
413

Tiamat*,
95 – 6
,
97
,
108
,
397

Tidmur (Tadmar),
14
,
279
,
see also
Palmyra

Tidnum (Amurrum),
175

Tiglathpileser I,
274
,
278 – 80
,
285

Tiglathpileser II,
280

Tiglathpileser III,
303
,
305 – 11
,
314

Tigris river

geography,
2
,
4 – 8
,
10
,
11 – 12
,
16
,
31
,
36
,
187
,
244
,
322
,
423

trade and settlement,
13
,
14
,
53
,
61
,
64
,
129
,
169
,
187
,
318
,
415
,
416
,
425 – 6

Til-Barsip,
272
,
275
,
297
,
302
,
see also
Ahmar, Tell

Tiriqan,
161

Tishpak*,
185

Toprak Kale
,
304
,
353

Trajan,
418
,
421

Troy, Trojan War,
78
,
230
,
231
,
266

Tudia,
187

Tudkhaliyas II,
256

Tukulti-Ninurta I,
263 – 4
,
274
,
285

Tukulti-Ninurta II,
283

Tulliz,
333

Tummal,
140

Tûr-‘Abdin mountain,
280
,
283
,
see also
Kashiari mountains

Turkestan,
266
,
385
,
418

Turkey
,
2
,
34
,
39
,
48
,
50
,
78
,
84
,
175
,
230 – 32
,
304
,
see also
Anatolia

Turukkû,
193

Tushamilki,
332

Tushhan,
290

Tushpa,
309

Tushratta,
235
,
257
,
259 – 60
,
368

Tut-ankh-Amôn,
260

Tuthmosis I,
254

Tuthmosis III,
255
,
256

Tuthmosis IV,
256

Tutub,
126
,
186
,
see also
Khafaje

Tutul,
153
,
see also
Hit

Tyre,
269
,
270
,
298
,
309
,
326
,
328
,
331
,
335
,
379
,
380

Uabu (Wahab),
328

Uate',
334

Ubaid, al-
,
30
,
48
,
54 – 5
,
57
,
59 – 65
,
67 – 8
,
70
,
82 – 3
,
123
,
131
,
230

Ubar-Tutu,
109

Ugarit,
50
,
215
,
239
,
256
,
258
,
261
,
269
,
353
,
427
,
see also
Ras-Shamra

Ukin-zêr,
310

Ulaia river,
278

Ulamburiash,
248

Ulysses,
427

‘Umar, Tell
,
see
Seleucia

Umm Dabaghiya
,
31
,
51
,
53
,
83

Umma,
131
,
140
,
141 – 2
,
143 – 3
,
152

Umman-menanu (Humban-nimena),
322

United Arab Emirates
,
15

Untash-napirisha,
263

Unzi,
see
Zuzu

Upâ (Opis),
322
,
387
,
415

Upêri,
314

‘
Uqair, Tell
,
30
,
69 – 70
,
77
,
127

Ur

archaeology,
18
,
21
,
27
,
30
,
31
,
68
,
71
,
163
,
208 – 9
,
220 – 21

culture,
65
,
77
,
129
,
131
,
136 – 8
,
140
,
153
,
163 – 5
,
169
,
171 – 2
,
195
,
220 – 24
,
248
,
369 – 70
,
382

dynasties,
13
,
60
,
79
,
123
,
140
,
162
,
172
,
180 – 81
,
204
,
235
,
249

geography,
4 – 5
,
6
,
15
,
64
,
111 – 12
,
131
,
140

history,
3
,
141
,
143 – 4
,
152
,
161 – 78
,
179
,
182
,
183
,
243
,
410
,
416

Ur-Nammu,
68
,
71
,
161 – 3
,
165
,
168
,
170
,
177
,
185
,
202

Ur-Nanshe,
135
,
140
,
141

Ur-Ninurta,
183

Ur-Zababa,
152

Urartu,
234
,
263
,
282
,
287
,
296
,
300 – 305
,
passim
,
308
,
309
,
311
,
313 – 14
,
319
,
374
,
411
,
see also
Armenia

Urbêl,
194
,
see also
Arba‘il
;
Erbil

Urfa
,
289
,
419

Urmiah, Lake
,
14
,
266
,
296
,
303
,
313

Urshanabi,
120

Urshu,
245

Urtaki,
327
,
332

Uruadri,
263
,
see also
Urartu

Uruinimgina (Urukagina),
138
,
143
,
202

Uruk,
see also
Gilgamesh

archaeology,
21
,
22
,
30
,
31
,
61
,
68 – 9
,
163
,
416
,
419
,
421

culture,
68 – 76
,
77
,
78
,
82 – 3
,
86
,
88
,
92
,
126
,
127
,
129
,
131
,
248
,
358
,
401
,
402
,
409
,
416 – 17
,
420

geography,
6
,
125
,
131

history,
3
,
48
,
68
,
82
,
115 – 16
,
117 – 20
,
123
,
140
,
141
,
144
,
152
,
158
,
161
,
183
,
243
,
410

ruling system,
134
,
135
,
140
,
143

Ushanaharu,
328

Ushpia,
187

Ut-napishtim,
109 – 11
,
119 – 20

Utu*,
88
,
89
,
101
,
116
,
see also
Shamash

Utuhegal,
161
,
162

Van
, Lake,
5
,
279
,
296
,
303
,
313

Varuna* (Arunasil),
235

Vindafârna,
407 – 8

Wadi al 'Arish,
327

Warad-Sin,
184 – 5

Warahshe,
153
,
169

Warka
,
68
,
69
,
117
,
350
,
see also
Uruk

Washukkanni,
255
,
256
,
258
,
259

Xenophon,
27
,
410

Xerxes,
408 – 10
,
411
,
412
,
421

Yaba,
340

Ya'diya,
272
,
308

Yarim Tepe
,
31
,
50 – 51
,
53
,
55
,
56

Yemen
,
148

Zab
rivers,
11
,
33
,
36
,
37
,
45
,
141
,
156
,
194
,
291

Zababa*,
152

Zabalam,
131

Zabibê,
308

Zagros
mountains

geography,
11
,
13
,
14
,
15
,
34
,
36
,
64

history,
146
,
158
,
175
,
229
,
279
,
282
,
285 – 6
,
309
,
314

Zakir,
343 – 4

Zakkalas,
267

Zamua,
289

Zanqu,
283

Zarzi
,
38

Zawi Chemi Shanidar
,
40 – 41

Zedekiah (Mattaniah),
379

Zencirli
,
272
,
see also
Sam'al

Zikirtu,
266
,
312

Zimri-Lim,
90
,
198
,
199
,
200
,
217
,
218
,
219 – 20
,
238
,
370