Early Dynastic Egypt (86 page)

Wadi Hof 360

Wadi Maghara
see
Sinai Wadi Miyah 169

Wadi Qash 69, 169 Wadi Umm Sidrah 172 Wadj
see
Djet

Wadjet (deity) 222, 284, 292, 297;

see also
‘Two Ladies’ title and names Wadji
see
Djet

was
-sceptre 189–90, 288 Way, T. von der 20 Weneg, King 87–8

Wepwawet (deity) 192, 263, 297–8;

relationship with other deities 281, 294;

standard of 102, 167, 191, 192, 197, 198, 199, 300

western desert 81, 143, 167–
8
, 173–4, 206;

rock-cut inscriptions 62, 73, 84, 196

white crown 49, 91; as a deity 285;

as an item of royal regalia 39, 91, 194–
5
, 202, 211, 274

Wildung, D. 21

wine 41–
2
, 119, 131, 154

writing, early 14, 19, 41,
42
, 44–6, 52, 112, 318,
319
, 340

Xoïte Nome 147

year labels 62,
79
, 81,
204
;

of Narmer 26, 66, 68;

as a source for administration 110;

as a source for early kingship 218–
19
, 221–3;

as a source for religion 266–7, 268, 284, 300,
302
,
318
, 342

Zawiyet el-Aryan:

First Dynasty cemetery 69, 71, 362;

‘layer pyramid’ 94, 99, 101, 247, 253–4

Zawiyet el-Meitin 104,
278

Zer
see
Djer Zet
see
Djet

Table of Contents

Figure 7.2 The royal cemetery at Saqqara. The plan shows the large number of Early Dynastic features in this part of the Memphite necropolis: (1) a group of graves dating to the reign of Den, possibly outlining a ritual arena; (2) and (3) two large rectangular enclosures of uncertain date (named the Ptah-hotep enclosure and the Gisr el-Mudir, respectively); (4) a set of underground galleries forming the tomb of Hetepsekhemwy and/or Nebra; (5) the location of a second set of underground galleries, forming the tomb of Ninetjer; (6)

ix

x

xii

xvii

Egyptology and the Early Dynastic Period

Birth of a Nation State

Historical Outline

Administration

Foreign Relations

Kingship

Royal Mortuary Architecture

Cults and Shrines

The Rise of Urbanism

The Regions of Egypt

316

317

327

356

3

5

7

8

10

17

64

73

184

196

204

218

240

xviii

xx

22

31

35

44

53

55

67

74

83

85

100

102

107

108

117

123

132