Explorers of the Nile: The Triumph and Tragedy of a Great Victorian Adventure (75 page)

13
. Bennett 40; Stanley’s Congo Diaries [CD] 1 Jan 1881 RMCA.

14
.
HIFL
677.

15
.
LLJ
11 182.

16
. Stanley to Markham 5 Oct 1872 RGS; Cameron to Stanley 25 Oct 1872 RMCA.

17
. Quoted Hall,
Stanley
225.

18
. Louis J. Jennings ed.
New York Times
to Stanley 9 Jan 1873 RMCA.

TWENTY-TWO: Nothing Earthly Will Make Me Give Up My Work

1
. Stanley to DL 27 May 1872 NLS.

2
.
LLJ
11 229.

3
. DL to H. Waller 2 Sept 1872 Rhodes House.

4
.
LLJ
11 174.

5
. Debenham 297-317.

6
.
LLJ
11 269.

7
. Ibid 277.

8
. Ibid 242.

9
. Debenham 272.

10
.
LLJ
11 282.

11
. Ibid 294.

12
. Ibid 296.

13
. Ibid 297.

14
.
Livingstone’s Private Journals 1851-53
ed. I. Schapera
[LPJ]
see 4 Feb 1853.

15
.
LLJ
11 298-99, facsimile of DL’s last entry in his journal.

16
. Jeal,
Livingstone
365.

17
.
LLJ
11 299-308; Helly 111 quoting Waller’s notes of his conversations with Chuma and Susi; Jeal,
Livingstone
366.

18
. Ibid 367.

19
. Helly 113 ff;
Dark Companions
Donald Simpson 189-93;
LLJ
11 313.

20
. Helly 112;
LLJ
11 315 ff.

21
. Jacob Wainwright to Oswell Livingstone October 1873 LMS/SOAS.

22
. Jeal,
Livingstone
369.

TWENTY-THREE: Where Will You Be? Dead or Still Seeking the Nile?

1
. Stanley to Agnes L 18 Mar 1874 QK/BL; Stanley to Agnes L 28 Jan 1878 RP 4900 BL.

2
.
Graphic
24 Apr 1874.

3
. SD 5 Jan 1870; Stanley,
Auto
Intro xv11.

4
. SD 16, 17 May 1874.

5
.
Through the Dark Continent
Henry M. Stanley 2 vols [TDC] 1 47.

6
. Jeal,
Stanley
163, 165, 196, 217; in SD 12 Nov 1874 a figure of 224 porters, guides, guards and dependents is given – 228 when Stanley and his three European assistants are added. In a muster list, in the Luwel Collection RMCA, 227 is given as the number who left Zanzibar. There is no evidence that any additional porters were recruited at Bagamoyo – see
TDC
1 72-8; also Stanley to
NYH
13 Dec 1874 Bennett 189; for description of recruiting on Zanzibar, Bennett 159; for Stanley’s detestation of Bagamoyo, Bennett 11; for Stanley’s preference for recruiting porters from the Bertram Agency on Zanzibar, SD 11 Jan 1871, Bennett 157, 159,
HIFL
22-7.

7
.
TDC
1 83.

8
. Ibid 108.

9
. Ibid 112.

10
. Alice Pike to Stanley 13 Oct & 2 Dec 1874 RMCA.

11
. Stanley to J. R. Robinson 11 Nov 1874 RP 1100 BL.

12
. Bennett 212.

13
. S&N 63.

14
. Bennett 217; S&N 69;
TDC
1 180.

15
. Bennett 217; S&N 69.

16
. Bennett 225.

17
. Preface to ‘Uganda Diary’ 1875-6 RMCA.

18
. S&N 70-2; Bennett 46-7, 220, 225ff Stanley to
NYH
14 Apr 1875; Drafts of
NYH
letter 1 Jun 1876 RMCA.

19
. Stanley to
NYH
14 Apr 1875.

20
. Gordon to Stanley 20 Apr 1875 RMCA.

21
. Yeoman 108;
The Scramble for Africa
Thomas Pakenham [Pakenham] 73; Jeal,
Stanley
174, 184.

22
.
Central Africa
C. Chaillé-Long 310; Moorehead 140;
TDC
1 202-3;
TDC
11 166; Bennett 226-7.

23
. SD 28 Apr 1875;
TDC
1 230-1; small Australian notebook 1891-2 RMCA; Bennett 246 n 3.

24
.
TDC
1 285.

25
. S&N 92-3.

26
. CD 15 Oct 1880 RMCA.

27
. Gordon to Burton 19 Oct 1877, quoted in Frank McLynn
Stanley: Sorcerer’s Apprentice
(1991) 14.

28
. Bennett 274.

29
. Stanley to E. Levy-Lawson 13 Aug 1876 Bennett 463 ff.

30
. Stanley to Alice Pike 14 Aug 1876.

TWENTY-FOUR: The Unknown Half of Africa Lies Before Me

1
. Rigby to Grant 26 Oct 1876 17910 NLS.

2
.
PRGS
Vol. XIX 29 Nov 1875, 49-50.

3
. S&N 130.

4
. Ibid 132-3; Bennett 324-7;
Private History of the RGS
Markham 401-2 RGS;
TDC
11 96-7; Bennett 324-7.

5
. Stanley to E. King 31 Oct 1876 Bennett 459 ff.

6
. Ibid 332.

7
.
TDC
11 145 and footnote; S&N 138-9.

8
. See Bennett 377, 385-6 for large exaggerations – all Stanley’s self-proclaimed 32 battles on the Congo (except one bloodless brush on 9 Mar) took place between 24 Nov 1876 and 14 Feb 1877 S&N 140-64. The ‘fight of fights’ and penultimate ‘battle’ (no. 31) was on 14 Feb and Stanley massively exaggerated the number of contestants in
TDC
and in S&N 164 – for actual numbers see Jeal,
Stanley
201-2 and 514 n 10 and 515 n 37 quoting Frank Pocock’s figures. There is no evidence in Stanley’s diaries that he ever destroyed ‘28 large towns’ as he foolishly claimed. (For his psychology see Jeal,
Stanley
94, 163, 178, 202.) He burned a few huts in three villages after being attacked. S&N gives many examples of his efforts to make peace: 18 Dec 1876, 1-2 Jan, 7 Feb, 1-2 Mar 1877. See too S&N 141.

9
. S&N 137, 143;
TDC
11 170.

10
. S&N 148 1 Jan 1877.

11
. As per note 5 above; also Bennett 384.

12
. Ibid 460.

13
. Ibid 304.

14
. Yeoman 173;
Journal
175, 215 .

15
. Yeoman 162-6;
The Nile
Collins 27.

16
.
Searching for the Source of the Nile
Wataru Ogawa trans. Brian Small 1 Jul 2009
www.newsjanjan.jp
. In 2005, a year before Neil McGrigor, two South Africans, Peter Meredith and Hendri Coetzee, navigated the Kagera to the Nyungwe Forest
www.newencyclopedia.org/entry+nile+Rukarara
.

17
. Johnston 232-3.

18
. F. Pocock to parents 18 Apr 1876 Bennett 475, 265.

19
.
The Diaries of A. J. Mounteney Jephson
ed. Dorothy Middleton
[Jephson]
352; Yeoman 174; Jeal,
Stanley
470; Bennett 306.

20
. Jeal,
Stanley
200 n 35, 202 n 37.

21
. Stanley to E. King 2 Oct 1877 RMCA;
TDC
11 336;
SD
3 April 1877; S&N 174.

22
. S&N 180;
TDC
11 361.

23
. S&N 192.

24
. SD after 10 May 1877.

25
. Yeoman 138.

26
. Maitland 223.

27
. Marina Warner on Burton as translator
London Review of Books
18 Dec 2008.

28
. Kennedy 133.

29
. Burton to William Hepworth Dixon 19 Jun 1866 QK/BL.

30
. Undated Private & Confidential Memorandum, lists of people written to by Isabel 1885-6 QK/BL.

31
. Marston to Stanley 25 Sep, 11 Oct 1877 RMCA.

32
.
Saturday Review
16 Feb 1877;
Pall Mall Gazette
11 Feb 1877.

33
. Bennett 371-2.

34
. SD 1877 notebook, end pages 26 Jun 1878 RMCA.

35
. King Leopold 11 to Baron Solvyns 17 Nov 1877 Archives du Palais Royal, Fonds Congo 100/i.

TWENTY-FIVE: Shepherds of the World?

1
.
LLJ
1 62-3; DL to Lord Clarendon 20 Aug 1866 FO 84/1265.

2
.
Graphic
24 Apr 1874.

3
. Quoted
HIFL
Intro. lxxv11i 2nd ed.

4
.
The Zambesi Journal of James Stewart 1862-1863
ed. J. P. R. Wallis (1952) 190.

5
.
Times
20 Jan 1874.

6
.
Scientist of Empire: Sir Roderick Murchison, Scientific Exploration and Victorian Imperialism
Robert Stafford 183.

7
.
The Nile in Darkness: A Flawed Unity 1863-1899
John O. Udal [Udal 11] 11i.

8
.
AN
22.

9
.
Ismailia: A Narrative of the Expedition to Central Africa for the Suppression of the Slave Trade
Samuel Baker 2 vols
[Ismailia]
1 5; Udal 11 112-13.

10
.
Liverpool Mercury
17 Sept 1870.

11
. Udal 11 115-18.

12
. Hall,
Lovers
178.

TWENTY-SIX: Creating Equatoria