Forgotten Ally: China's World War II, 1937-1945 (83 page)

peasants: and revolution in China,
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Peck, Graham,
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;
Two Kinds of Time
,
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Peng Dehuai,
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People’s Liberation Army (PLA),
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People’s Republic of China.
See
China

Perovskaya, Sofya,
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Perry, Matthew: opens Japan,
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,
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Philippines: Japan occupies,
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,
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Polo, Marco,
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Potsdam Conference (1945),
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poverty: in China,
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–
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Qing Dynasty,
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–
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,
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–
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,
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; overthrown,
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–
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Quadrant Conference (1943),
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“Quit India” movement,
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,
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Rabe, John,
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,
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,
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; and Nanjing massacre,
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–
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railroads: strategic importance of,
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–
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Rape of Nanjing.
See
Nanjing, massacre of

Rectification Movement: in CCP,
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Red Army: all-out assault on Japanese,
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; CCP establishes,
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,
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; Chiang legalizes,
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; clashes with NRA,
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–
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,
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–
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,
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; cooperates with NRA,
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–
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,
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; Eighth Route Army,
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,
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; Long March (1934–35),
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–
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–
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; New Fourth Army,
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–
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; resists Japanese occupation,
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,
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; in stalemate with Japanese,
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–
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; Zhu commands,
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,
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,
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Red Guards,
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Red Swastika Society,
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,
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,
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Reformed Government of China,
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,
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–
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refugees: identification system for,
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–
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; in Shanghai,
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–
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; in Sino-Japanese War,
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–
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–
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Reorganized Government,
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–
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; Chen Gongbo heads,
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; Li Shiqun as head of security for,
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,
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–
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–
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; National Government maintains contact with,
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–
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,
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,
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–
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; propaganda efforts by,
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; treaty with Japan,
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–
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; use of terrorism and torture,
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; Wang heads,
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; Zhou Fohai in,
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–
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Republic of China Air Force (ROCAF).
See
Chinese air force

Robertson, R. C.: on refugees,
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Roosevelt, Franklin D.,
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,
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; at Cairo Conference,
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,
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–
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; criticizes National Government,
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; death of,
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; and increased Japanese imperialism,
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–
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; personality,
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; recalls Stilwell,
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,
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–
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,
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; and recapture of Burma,
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,
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; and relations with China,
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–
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,
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,
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; threatens to end support to Chiang,
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,
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Roosevelt, Theodore: mediates Russian-Japanese treaty,
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Russia.
See also
Soviet Union: anarchist philosophy in,
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; in “Great Patriotic War,”
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Russo-Japanese War (1904–1905),
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–
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,
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,
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Saionji Kinmochi (prince),
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–
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Saipan: as base for air assault on Japan,
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–
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; US captures,
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Satô Naotake,
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Second Quebec Conference (1944),
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–
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Selden, Mark:
The Yenan Way
,
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self-determination: China and principle of,
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Service, John S.,
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,
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,
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–
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,
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,
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; on contact with CCP,
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–
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,
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sex workers in,
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Shang Zhen,
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Shangguan Yunxiang,
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Shanghai: Chiang orders defense of,
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–
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; Chinese air force accidentally bombs,
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–
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,
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,
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; Chinese-Japanese confrontation in (1932),
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–
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; collaborationist government in,
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; foreign community in,
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–
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–
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; Great Britain and fall of,
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–
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; Green Gang in,
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,
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,
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; Isherwood on fall of,
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; Japanese capture,
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–
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; Japanese occupation of,
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–
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; Municipal Council,
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; NRA captures,
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; NRA’s casualties at,
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–
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; refugees in,
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–
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; Western imperialism in,
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–
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,
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Shantou: foreign community in,
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–
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Shao Lizi,
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Sheng Cheng,
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–
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Sheng Shicai,
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,
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Shi Bofu,
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Shi Liang,
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Shiozawa Kôichi,
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Singapore: fall of,
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Sino-American Cooperation Organization (SACO),
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; friction with OSS,
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–
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,
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; trains guerrillas,
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Sino-Japanese War.
See also
World War II: air power in,
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; atrocities in,
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; attempts to reconcile interpretations of,
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–
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; Cairo Conference and,
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,
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–
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; CCP’s minor military role in,
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–
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,
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; Chinese memorials to,
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–
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; Chinese reinterpretations of,
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–
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; Chinese unity and mobilization in,
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–
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,
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–
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,
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–
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; collaborators in,
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–
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–
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–
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,
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–
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,
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–
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,
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–
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,
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,
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,
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; effect on CCP’s ideology,
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–
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,
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; effect on Chiang,
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–
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; effect on Mao,
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–
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,
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–
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; guerrilla warfare in,
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–
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,
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,
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,
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–
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,
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; Hand and,
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–
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,
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–
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; Japanese interpretations of,
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–
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; MacKillop on,
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–
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; in modern popular culture,
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; possibility of negotiated peace in,
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–
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–
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–
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–
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; postwar mythology of,
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–
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; psychological and social effects on China,
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–
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; Red Army in,
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; refugees in,
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; Stalin and,
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,
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; Wang in,
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,
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,
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,
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; as “war of resistance,”
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–
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,
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,
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,
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,
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; Yan Xishan in,
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,
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,
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Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship,
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,
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Slim, William,
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,
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,
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Smedley, Agnes,
[>]

Smoot-Hawley Tariff (1930),
[>]

Snow, Edgar,
[>]
; on Mao,
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Snow, Helen Foster: and Mao,
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social Darwinism: Mao and,
[>]

Song Ailing,
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,
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,
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Song Qingling,
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Song Jiaoren,
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Song Jiashu,
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Song Meiling,
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,
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,
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,
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,
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,
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–
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,
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,
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,
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,
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; at Cairo Conference,
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,
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; influence on Chiang,
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,
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; popular resentment of,
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; tours US,
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,
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Song Zheyuan,
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,
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–
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,
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,
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Song Ziwen,
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–
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,
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–
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“Sonnets from China” (Auden),
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Soong, T. V.
See
Song Ziwen

South Manchuria Railway Company,
[>]

South Manchurian Railway,
[>]