Foundation (History of England Vol 1) (83 page)

Saladin, Sultan,
ref 1

Salisbury: scholastic community,
ref 1

Salisbury, John Montague, 3rd Earl of,
ref 1

Salisbury Plain: prehistoric,
ref 1
,
ref 2

under Romans,
ref 1

Salisbury, Richard Neville, 1st Earl of: killed at Wakefield,
ref 1

supports Richard of York in Wars of the Roses,
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3

invades England with Warwick,
ref 1

Salisbury, Thomas Montague, 4th Earl of,
ref 1

salt: trade in,
ref 1

Samain (festival),
ref 1

sanctuary,
ref 1

Sandwich, Kent: raided by French (1457),
ref 1

Savoy Palace, London: burned in Peasants’ Revolt,
ref 1

Savoyards: at Henry III’s court,
ref 1
,
ref 2

Sawtré, William,
ref 1

Saxon Shore,
ref 1
,
ref 2

Saxons: early settlers,
ref 1

recruited as mercenaries,
ref 1

spread and colonization,
ref 1

Scarborough,
ref 1

schools,
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3

Scone Palace, Scotland,
ref 1

Scot, John,
ref 1

Scotland: Romans reach,
ref 1

Athelstan subdues,
ref 1

border with England,
ref 1
,
ref 2

Stephen defeats (1138),
ref 1

war with Henry II,
ref 1

Edward I’s wars with,
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3

conflict with Edward II,
ref 1
,
ref 2

Edward III’s wars with,
ref 1
,
ref 2

alliance with France against England,
ref 1

Edward IV negotiates peace with,
ref 1

Perkin Warbeck in,
ref 1

union with England (1707),
ref 1

Scots: harass Romans,
ref 1

Scrope, Richard, Archbishop of York,
ref 1

seasons,
ref 1

serfs,
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3

see also
peasantry

Shakespeare, William: depicts King John,
ref 1

on Tudors,
ref 1

Henry IV, Pt.2
,
ref 1

Henry V
,
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3

The Merry Wives of Windsor
,
ref 1

Richard II
,
ref 1

Richard III
,
ref 1

The Tempest
,
ref 1

Shaw, Ralph,
ref 1

sheep: domesticated,
ref 1
,
ref 2

introduced,
ref 1

numbers in Bronze Age,
ref 1

numbers in Henry III’s reign,
ref 1

and enclosures,
ref 1

see also
wool

Sheppey, isle of,
ref 1

sheriffs,
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3

Sherwood forest,
ref 1

Shetland: surrendered to Scotland,
ref 1

shires,
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3

Shore, Elizabeth (‘Jane’),
ref 1

Shrewsbury, John Talbot, 1st Earl of,
ref 1

Sigeberht, King of Kent,
ref 1

Silbury Hill,
ref 1

Silchester,
ref 1
,
ref 2

Silures (tribe),
ref 1

silver: imported,
ref 1
,
ref 2

mines in west country,
ref 1

Simeon of Durham,
ref 1

Simnel, Lambert (‘Edward VI’),
ref 1

slaves: in Iron Age,
ref 1

under Anglo-Saxons,
ref 1
,
ref 2

in
Domesday Book
,
ref 1

Sluys: English naval victory over French (1340),
ref 1
,
ref 2

Smith, William (of Leicester),
ref 1

Somerset, Edmund Beaufort, 2nd Duke of,
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3

Somerset, John Beaufort, 1st Duke of,
ref 1

Song of the Husbandman
,
ref 1

Song of Lewes, The
(poem),
ref 1
,
ref 2

South Saxons,
ref 1
,
ref 2

space and time: loosely defined,
ref 1

sports
see
games and sports

Stafford, Edmund, 3rd Earl of,
ref 1

Stafford, Sir Humphrey,
ref 1

Stafford, John, Archbishop of Canterbury,
ref 1

Stafford, Sir William,
ref 1

Stamford Bridge, battle of (1066),
ref 1

Standard, battle of the (1138),
ref 1

standing stones
see
megaliths

Stanley, Thomas, Baron (
later
1st Earl of Derby,
ref 1

Stanley, Sir William,
ref 1
,
ref 2

Stapledon, Walter le, Bishop of Exeter,
ref 1

Stapleford Park, Leicestershire,
ref 1

Star Carr, Yorkshire,
ref 1

Star Chamber,
ref 1

Statute of Jewry (1253),
ref 1

‘Statute of Westminster the First’ (1275),
ref 1
,
ref 2

Statute of Winchester,
ref 1

Stephen, King: succeeds to throne,
ref 1
,
ref 2

conflict with Matilda,
ref 1

financial problems,
ref 1

captured and imprisoned,
ref 1

mistrusts centralized bureaucracy and devolves power,
ref 1

succeeded by Henry II,
ref 1

Stirling Bridge, battle of (1297),
ref 1

stone of destiny (Lia Fáil; stone of Scone),
ref 1

Stonehenge,
ref 1
,
ref 2

Stony Stratford,
ref 1

Stowe, John,
ref 1

Strabo,
ref 1

Stratford, John, Archbishop of Canterbury,
ref 1

Stratford-upon-Avon: plan,
ref 1

Strathclyde (kingdom),
ref 1

Stratton, Adam de,
ref 1

Suetonius,
ref 1
,
ref 2

Suffolk, John de la Pole, 2nd Duke of,
ref 1

Suffolk, Michael de la Pole, 1st Earl of,
ref 1

Suffolk, William de la Pole, 1st Duke of,
ref 1
,
ref 2

Sully, John de,
ref 1

surnames: introduced by Normans,
ref 1

Sutton Hoo,
ref 1

Sutton, Robert,
ref 1

Swein Forkbeard, King of Denmark,
ref 1

Swynford, Katherine,
ref 1

Tacitus,
ref 1
,
ref 2
,
ref 3

Tailboys, William,
ref 1
,
ref 2

taxation: Roman,
ref 1

and kingship,
ref 1

under William the Conqueror,
ref 1
,
ref 2

under Henry I,
ref 1

under King John,
ref 1

in Magna Carta,
ref 1

under Edward I,
ref 1
,
ref 2

raised during Great Famine (1313),
ref 1

Edward III’s,
ref 1

and Peasants’ Revolt (1381),
ref 1
,
ref 2

Templars, Order of,
ref 1

Tewkesbury Abbey,
ref 1

Tewkesbury, battle of (1471),
ref 1

Thame, Oxfordshire,
ref 1

Thames, river: Bronze Age weapons and artefacts in,
ref 1

prehistoric skulls in,
ref 1

freezes (1309),
ref 1

Thanet, Kent,
ref 1

Thatcham, Berkshire,
ref 1
,
ref 2
thegns,
ref 1
,
ref 2

Theobald, Archbishop of Canterbury,
ref 1

Theobald of Etampes,
ref 1

Thirwell, John de,
ref 1

Thomas, Earl of Lancaster: as rival to Edward II,
ref 1
,
ref 2

executed,
ref 1
,
ref 2

posthumous miracles,
ref 1