| 1. Bernard Schwartz, The Great Rights of Mankind: A History of the American Bill of Rights (New York: Oxford University Press, 1977), p. x.
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| 2. Julian P. Boyd et al., eds., The Papers of Thomas Jefferson , vol. 1 (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1950), p. 292.
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| 3. Schwartz, Great Rights of Mankind , p. 70.
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| 4. Brent Tarter, "Virginians and the Bill of Rights," in Jon Kukla, ed., The Bill of Rights: A Lively Heritage (Richmond: Virginia State Library and Archives, 1987), p. 7.
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| 5. Robert Allen Rutland, The Ordeal of the Constitution (Boston: Northeastern University Press, 1983; Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1966), pp. 3334.
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| 6. Wright, American Interpretations of Natural Law , pp. 12425.
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| 7. Max Farrand, ed., Records of the Federal Convention of 1787 , rev. ed., vol. 2 (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1966), pp. 63740.
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| 8. Robert Allen Rutland, The Birth of the Bill of Rights (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1955), p. 119.
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| 9. The Papers of Thomas Jefferson , vol. 12, pp. 440, 558.
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| 10. Gaillard Hunt, ed., The Writings of James Madison , vol. 5 (New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 19001910), pp. 38990.
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| 11. Harold C. Syrett, ed., The Papers of Alexander Hamilton , vol. 4 (New York: Columbia University Press, 1962), p. 35.
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| 12. Schwartz, Great Rights of Mankind , p. 202.
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