Ross & Wilson Anatomy and Physiology in Health and Illness (243 page)

Scleroderma,
424

Scrotal varicocele,
117

Scrotum,
13
,
447

Scurvy,
272

Sebaceous glands,
186–187
,
355
f
,
356

breasts,
447

eyelids,
199

secretions,
354

Sebum,
356

Secretin,
292
,
292
f
,
295
,
296

Secretory granules,
30

Selective permeability,
5
,
31

Sella turcica (hypophyseal fossa),
389
,
389
f

Semen,
449
,
450

Semicircular canals,
188
,
188
f
,
190

Semilunar cartilages (menisci),
38
,
408
,
408
f

Semilunar cusps,
81–82
,
82
f

Semilunar valves,
75–76

Semimembranous muscle,
419

Seminal fluid,
449

Seminal vesicle,
449
,
449
f

Seminiferous tubules,
448
,
448
f

Semipermeable membrane,
5
,
6
f
,
25

Semitendinosus muscle,
419

Senile arteriosclerosis,
115

Sensation, cutaneous,
358

Senses

somatic (common, cutaneous),
9
,
142

special,
10
,
10
b
,
10
f
,
142
,
185–206

Sensory areas, cerebral cortex,
150
,
151–152
,
151
f

Sensory homunculus,
151
f

Sensory nerve endings, skin,
142
,
143
f
,
156
,
355
,
355
b

Sensory nerves,
9
,
10
,
142

decussation,
153

spinal cord pathways,
156–157
,
156
f
,
157
t

Sensory neurones,
155
,
156–157

disorders of,
180

reflexes,
158

Sensory receptors,
9–10
,
142

Sensory speech area,
150
f
,
152
,
152
f

Septic arthritis,
423

Septic shock,
111

Septicaemia,
70

Septum,
385
t

of heart,
80

lucidum,
146–147

nasal
See
Nasal septum

Sequestrae, bone,
384

Serosa,
40
,
279–280

Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine),
64
,
141
,
219
,
368
t

Serous fluid,
40

Serous membrane,
40

Serum,
56
,
56
f

Sesamoid bones,
380
,
381
,
399

Sex chromosomes,
428
,
429
f

Sex differences
See
Gender differences

Sex hormones

adrenal,
217

female,
443–444
,
444
f
See also
Oestrogen
See also
Testosterone

Sex-linked inheritance,
434
,
434
f

Sexual intercourse,
13

Sexual reproduction,
438

Sexually transmitted infections,
452

Sheehan's syndrome,
222

Shigella
infections,
319

Shin bone (tibia),
399
,
400
f

Shingles,
177–178
,
362

Shivering,
357
,
358

Shock,
111–112

anaphylactic,
111

in burns,
363

cardiogenic,
111

compensated,
111
,
111f

hypovolaemic,
111

neurogenic,
111

septic (bacteraemic; endotoxic),
111

uncompensated,
112
,
112f

Short stature
See
Dwarfism

Shoulder

blade (scapula),
396–397
,
396
f

girdle,
45
,
396–397

joint,
396
,
404–405
,
404
f

movements,
405
,
405
t

muscles,
405
,
405
t
,
417–418
,
417
f

SI symbols,
465

Sickle cell anaemia,
67–68

Sight,
190–199

physiology of,
194–197
See also
Vision

Sigmoid sinus,
97

Sign,
15b

Silicosis,
259

Simmond's disease,
222

Single gene disorders,
435b

Sinoatrial node (SA node),
83

Sinus

bony,
385
t

tract, infected,
361
,
361
f
See also
Paranasal sinuses
See also
Venous sinuses of brain

Sinus bradycardia,
122

Sinus rhythm,
85
,
122

Sinus tachycardia,
122

Sinusitis, paranasal,
254

Sinusoids,
75
,
132

hepatic,
301
,
302
f

Skeletal muscle,
13
,
13
f
,
410–412

actions,
412–413

contraction,
411
See also
Muscle contraction

factors affecting performance,
412

fibres (cells),
39
,
39
f
,
410–411
,
410
f

heat production,
357

microscopic structure,
410–411

organisation,
410
,
410
f

principal muscles,
413–420

pump,
86
,
86
f

tissue,
39

Skeleton,
13
,
41–45
,
43
f
,
387
f

appendicular,
43
f
,
45
,
386
,
387
f
,
396–401

axial,
43–45
,
43
f
,
385–396
,
387
f

terminology,
385
t

Skin,
351–364

autonomic control,
171

blood flow regulation,
358

blood vessels,
355

colour,
354–355

disorders of,
362–364

excretion by,
358–359

functions,
357–359

infections,
361
,
362

inflammatory conditions (non-infective),
362

maceration,
356

malignant tumours,
364

non-specific defences,
366

protective function,
12–13
,
12
f
,
357

sensation,
358

sensory nerve endings,
142
,
143
f
,
156
,
355
,
355
b

sensory nerve pathways,
156

structure,
354–357
,
354
f

temperature regulation,
357–358

Skip lesions,
320

Skull,
43

bones,
43
f
,
45
,
45
f
,
386–391
,
388
f

changes, raised intracranial pressure,
173