Ross & Wilson Anatomy and Physiology in Health and Illness (242 page)

Reproduction,
13–14
,
438

Reproductive cycle,
14
,
444–445
,
444
f
,
446
f

menstrual phase,
445
,
446
f

proliferative phase,
445
,
446
f

secretory phase,
445
,
446
f

Reproductive system,
14
f
,
437–458
See also
Female reproductive system
See also
Male reproductive system

Residual volume (RV),
249
,
249
f

Resistance vessels,
75

Respiration,
246–253

accessory muscles of,
248
,
248
f

aerobic
See
Aerobic metabolism

control of,
252–253
,
252
f

exercise and,
253

external,
234
,
247
,
250–251
,
251
f

internal,
77
,
77
f
,
234
,
247
,
251
,
251
f

Kussmaul's,
347

Respiratory centre,
153–154
,
252–253

Respiratory distress syndrome

adult (ARDS),
263

neonatal,
263

Respiratory membrane,
244
,
245

Respiratory pump,
86
,
249

Respiratory rate,
248
,
466

Respiratory rhythmicity centre,
252

Respiratory system,
11
,
11
f
,
231–264

autonomic control,
170

organs,
234
,
234
f

Respiratory tract

lower,
242–246
,
244
f

protection,
240

upper,
234–242

disorders,
254–255

infectious/inflammatory disorders,
254–255

tumours,
255

Resting membrane potential,
140

Restrictive lung disorders,
258–260

Reticular activating system (RAS),
154

Reticular cells,
63
,
131
f

Reticular formation,
154

Reticular tissue,
37

Reticulin fibres,
36

Reticuloendothelial cells, phagocytic,
60

Reticuloendothelial system,
63

Reticulospinal tract,
158
t

Retina,
190
,
191
f
,
192
,
193
f

detachment,
205

functions,
196–197

image focusing on,
195
,
195
f

Retinacula,
397
,
406–407

Retinitis pigmentosa,
205

Retinoblastoma,
205

Retinol
See
Vitamin A

Retinopathy,
205

diabetic,
205
,
229

of prematurity,
205
,
260

vascular,
205

Retroperitoneal position,
280

Reverse transcriptase,
376

Rhesus blood group system,
61

Rhesus (Rh) incompatibility,
68

Rheumatic fever,
121
,
423

Rheumatic heart disease,
121–122

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA),
374–375
,
422–423
,
423t

Rheumatoid factor (RF),
374–375
,
422

Rhinitis, allergic,
254–255

Rhinorrhoea,
254–255
,
256

cerebrospinal fluid,
174

Rhinovirus infections,
254

Rhodopsin,
197
,
270

Riboflavin,
271

Ribonucleic acid
See
RNA

Ribosomes,
29
,
29
f
,
30
,
431

Ribs,
395–396
,
395
f
,
396
f

floating,
395

true,
395

Rice,
266

Rickets,
270
,
272
,
421

Ringworm,
362

Risk factors,
15

RNA

compared to DNA,
430–431

messenger (mRNA),
430–431
,
430
f

Rodent ulcer,
364

Rods,
192
,
193
f
,
197

Rotation,
395
,
402
t
,
403
f

Rotator cuff,
404

injury,
425

Rotaviruses,
319

Roughage
See
Non-starch polysaccharide

Round ligament,
416
,
441
f
,
442

Rubrospinal tract,
158
t

Rugae,
290
,
340
,
439

Rule of nines,
363
,
363f

S

Saccule,
188
,
188
f
,
190

Sacral nerves,
138
,
156
f
,
159

Sacral plexus,
163
,
163
f

Sacral promontory,
393
,
393
f

Sacroiliac joint,
393
,
398
,
399
f

Sacrospinalis muscles,
415
,
415
f

Sacrum,
44
,
391
,
393
,
393
f

Saddle joints,
404

Sagittal suture,
386
,
391
f

Saliva,
281
,
286–287

composition,
286

functions,
286–287
,
367

pH,
21–22
,
21
t
,
286

secretion,
286

Salivary glands,
12
,
285–287

calculi (stones),
312–313

diseases of,
312–313

tumours,
313

Salmonella enteritidis
,
318

Salmonella
infections,
318

Salmonella paratyphi
,
318

Salmonella typhi
,
317

Salmonella typhimurium
,
318

Salpingitis, acute,
454

Salt
See
Sodium chloride

Saltatory conduction,
141
,
141
f

Saphenous nerve,
162–163
,
163
f

Sarcolemma,
410
f
,
411

Sarcoma,
49

Sarcomeres,
410
f
,
411

Sarcoplasm,
411

Sartorius muscle,
419
,
419
f

Scala media (cochlear duct),
188
,
188
f
,
189
f

Scala tympani,
188
,
189
f

Scala vestibuli,
188
,
189
f

Scalene muscles,
248
,
248
f

Scalp wounds,
173

Scaphoid,
397
,
398
f

Scapula,
396–397
,
396
f

Scar

contraction,
360
,
360
f

formation,
359
,
360

tissue,
360

Schlemm, canal of,
191
f
,
192

Schwann cells,
140
,
140
f

Sciatic nerve,
163
,
163
f

Sciatic notch,
398
f

Sclera,
190
,
191
,
191
f

Scleral venous sinus,
191
f
,
192