Ross & Wilson Anatomy and Physiology in Health and Illness (239 page)

Patella,
399

Patellar ligament,
408
f
,
409

Patellar tendon,
399

Patent ductus arteriosus,
123

Pathogenesis,
14
,
14b
,
15

Pathology,
4

Pectoralis major muscle,
417
,
417
f

Pellagra,
271

Pelvic abscess,
317
,
317f

Pelvic cavity,
47–48

contents,
47
f
,
48
,
48
f

lymph drainage,
131

Pelvic floor

functions,
418

muscles,
416–417
,
416
f

Pelvic girdle,
45
,
398–401

Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID),
453

Pelvis,
398

arterial supply,
102–107

bony,
398
,
399
f

brim of,
398
,
399
f

greater (false),
398

lesser (true),
398

male and female,
398
,
399
f

venous return,
104–105

Penicillin allergy,
374

Penis,
450
,
450
f

infections,
455

Pepsinogens,
291

Pepsins,
291
,
292
,
305
t

Peptic ulceration,
315–316
,
315f

acute,
315

chronic,
315–316

complications,
316

perforation,
316

Peptidases,
305
t

Peptide bond,
23

Pericardium,
40
,
79
,
80
f

Perilymph,
188
,
189
f
,
190

Perimetrium,
441

Perimysium,
410
,
410
f

Perineum,
439
,
439
f

Perineurium,
142
,
143
f

Periosteum,
37
,
381

Peripheral nerves,
143
f
,
145

diseases of,
181–182

response to injury,
145
,
145
f
See also
Motor nerves
See also
Sensory nerves

Peripheral nervous system (PNS),
9
,
138
,
158–172

neurotransmitters,
143
f

Peripheral neuropathy,
181

Peripheral resistance,
76
,
86
,
87

Peripheral vascular disease,
229

Peristalsis

alimentary canal,
281
,
281
f
,
289

urinary tract,
339

Peritoneal cavity,
280
,
280
f

tumour spread,
50
See also
Abdominal cavity

Peritoneal hernia,
322

Peritoneum,
40
,
280
,
280
f

gall bladder,
304

parietal,
280

small intestine,
294

visceral,
280

Peritonitis,
317

Pernicious anaemia,
67

Peroneal artery,
104
,
104
f

Persistent vegetative state,
174

Peyer's patches,
133
,
294

pH,
21–22

of bile,
21
t
,
295

of blood,
21
t
,
22
,
57

of body fluids,
21–22
,
21
t
,
465

oxyhaemoglobin and,
59

renal regulation,
338

of saliva,
21–22
,
21
t
,
286

scale,
21

of urine,
21
t
,
337
,
338
,
347

Phaeochromocytoma,
227

Phagocytes,
366

in inflammation,
368

in wound healing,
359
,
359
f
,
360
See also
Macrophages
See also
Neutrophils

Phagocytic reticuloendothelial cells,
60

Phagocytosis,
33
,
62
,
62
f
,
366
,
366
f

in lymph nodes,
131

in spleen,
132

Phalanges,
398
,
398
f
,
400–401
,
400
f

Pharyngeal plexus,
237

Pharyngeal vein,
97
f

Pharyngitis,
254

Pharyngotympanic (auditory) tube,
186
f
,
187
,
236
,
237

Pharynx,
236–237
,
287

blood/nerve supply,
237
,
287

diseases of,
254–255

functions,
237
,
288–289

muscles,
167
,
237
,
287

structure,
237
,
287

Phenylketonuria,
435–436
,
435f

Pheromones,
200

Phimosis,
455

Phosphate,
272
,
338

Phospholipids,
23
,
28

Phosphorylation, oxidative,
306
,
307
f
,
308

Phrenic nerves,
161
,
247
,
253

Phylloquinone
See
Vitamin K

Physiology,
4

Pia mater,
146
,
146
f

Piles,
116–117

Pineal gland (body),
149
f
,
219

Pinna (auricle),
186
,
186
f

Pinocytosis,
33

Pisiform,
397
,
398
f

Pituicytes,
209

Pituitary dwarfism,
221f
,
222

Pituitary gland,
153
,
208–213
,
209
f
,
210
f
,
389

anterior
See
Anterior pituitary

blood supply,
209

disorders,
221–222

influence of hypothalamus on,
209
,
210
f

intermediate lobe,
209
,
210
f

ischaemic necrosis,
222

portal system,
209
,
210
f

posterior
See
Posterior pituitary

Pituitary stalk,
209
,
210
f

Pivot joints,
404

Placenta,
108–110
,
108
f
,
442

endocrine function,
208

transfer of maternal antibodies,
373

Plantar arch,
104
,
104
f

Plantar artery,
104

Plantar calcaneonavicular (spring) ligament,
400
f
,
401

Plantar flexion,
409
t

Plantar ligaments,
400
f
,
401
,
409
f

Plasma,
8
,
56–57
,
56
f

glomerular filtration,
334–335
,
334
f

normal values,
21
t
,
465

osmolarity,
25–26

viscosity,
56

Plasma cells,
36
,
371–372
,
371
f

Plasma membrane,
5
,
28

structure,
28
,
29
f

transport of substances across,
5
,
31–33