Authors: Juan Pastor
"To
women who have known close siege and stern privation,
monotony can be a pleasant thing…."
‐ Honor Harris, in Daphne du Maurier’s
The King’s General
Virgen
Maria appears to me first.
"How do you feel?" She asks. "Don't you feel good
right
now?"
"Not really." I tell her.
"Oh come on. Didn't it feel good to give those bad men
some
of their own medicine?" She asks.
"Is that what you call it, medicine?" I ask. "Isn't
medicine
supposed to cure the illness, not make it worse?
"Good for you." Rosaria says.
She is sitting on my bed right next to me.
"Sin could have started teaching you about the
medicine."
Rosaria continues. "But he decides to take you out
with a gun instead. He is a very bitter man. Has he told you yet
about his clinic, and how the bad men destroyed it with their
guns and their halcón‐negro helicopters?"
"He had a clinic?" I ask.
"Yes." She says. "He used to cure sickness."
"What type of clinic was it?" I ask. "What did he cure?"
"He used to cure everything. At least everything he
knew
how to cure." Rosaria says. "Mostly he cured cancer."
"They destroyed his clinic because he was a con man."
The
Virgen Maria says. "He was using untested drugs on
patients."
"He was curing people. He wasn't interested in getting
rich." Rosaria says. "That's why the powerful men had his
clinic destroyed. They lied about him. They treated him like he
was the cosa de fundamento of a drug cartel."
"Where did he get the drugs?" I ask.
"He developed them." She says. "From microbes in the
caves."
"She is lieing." The Virgen Maria says. "Cures for cancer
in caves. This is ridiculous."
"It is not ridiculous." Rosaria says. "I can prove it. He is
asleep now. At the foot of his bed there is an old wooden
trunk. In that trunk he keeps all his notebooks. Go in there
quietly, and take out one of the notebooks. Read it. When you
are done reading it, return it, and take out another one and
read it. Don't let him catch you, or he will be very angry."
"I am leaving now." The Virgen Maria says. "I see this
sorceress is winning you over. When you decide you really
want to cure the evils in the world, call me. You aren't going to
make this world a better place with microbes from caves."
"What if I can't understand what is in the notebooks?" I
ask Rosaria.
"Then you can ask me for my help." Rosaria says.
"What caves does he get these microbes from?" I ask
Rosaria.
"That is all in his notebooks." She says. Some he gets
from the Cueva de Villa Luz in Southern Mexico. Some he gets
at Lechuguilla in the Guadalupe Mountains of New Mexico.
But he gets them other places."
"Did you say Guadalupe?" I ask Rosaria.
"Yes." Rosaria says.
"Like Our Lady of Guadalupe?" I ask.
"Yes." Rosaria says. "What's really interesting is that
Guadalupe is just the Spanish word for the Hahuatl word
Coātlaxopeuh
, which the Virgen Maria addressed herself to
Juan Diego as in 1531. Do you know what it means?"
"No."
"The one who crushes the serpent." Rosaria says.
"So she was pretty militant even back then?" I say.
"Yes, she was."
"Did the Spanish know that the Virgen Maria was being
served back to them in a new light, as a revolutionary?" I ask.
"I think it was lost on them, because they built a
basilica in her honor." Rosaria said.
"That is too much." I say.
"Isn't it?" Rosaria asks. "But, personally, I think there is
more than one way to crush the serpent. And it will never be
done with guns."
"Rosaria, how do you know these things?" I ask.
"Because I see things now you wouldn't believe."
Of
all the antibiotics currently in use in the medical field
today, 99% come from microorganisms, mostly bacteria and
fungi in soils
.
The
chest is filled with journals, and from what I can
see every one of these journals is filled with Sin's notes. I
retrieve one, close the chest, and retreat quietly to my room.
Soil
dwelling microorganisms are beginning to be
depleted, and many forms of bacteria are developing resistance
to antibiotics because we are actually speeding up the evolution
thru gene mutation and natural selection of the hardiest
organisms. This makes it important to explore more exotic or
extreme environs.
The
more I read, the more interesting I find the
reading.
There is the possibility that there is actually more
biomass inside the earth than on the earth's surface. A good
place to start looking would be in caves.
"Or on other planets." I think. "But, then again, caves
would be easier, or, at least, closer."
Within a cave, considering the isolation, and the severely
restricted resources, there would be competition. And it would
be more serious and deadly than the competition on earth's
surface.
I flip to much further along in the journal.
From a single microbe sample, I was able to produce 40
antibiotic compounds, 37 of which I believe to be very viable, as
they had immediate executional effect on every target strain of
bacterium I introduced them to. To understand how radical this
is, one has to realize that just under 100 antibiotics have ever
been ID'd in nature, on the entire surface of the earth, during
the entire chronology of bacterial research.
This is staggering.
The flip side of this is that almost every virgin bacterium I
exposed to a known antibiotic was resistant to that antibiotic.
One particular virgin bacterium was resistant to 15 known
antibiotics. Another exhibited a type of resistance I had never
observed before, that of a bacterium secreting a particular
compound that broke down the antibiotic so that it could be
ingested by the bacterium. One can only hope that this
bacterium is not, on some subtle biochemical level, ingesting the
antibiotic to study it in some way. The thought of this is a little
scary.
Scary indeed. Flip a few pages more.
I have now tested over 90 different strains of bacteria,
some with multiple exposures to a variety of antibiotics, and a
variety of classes of antibiotics, including synthetic, and some
just recently approved by the FDA. Over two‐thirds of these 90
strains were completely unaffected by any of the antibiotics.
Which leads me to the conclusion that bacteria not only develop
resistance over time through mutation and natural selection of
the stronger, but that there are strains that are so strong that
they are resistant even to first contact with the most effective
known antibiotics.
A few pages more.
Competition for nutrients is a life or death struggle in a
cave. All microbes live in a near‐starvation environment. So
microbes can either attach themselves to some surface, and
hope trickling water brings something their way, or they can
scavenge, or they can learn to cheat a little bit and develop
chemical weapons to defend themselves, or to conquer other
microbial forms. These chemical weapons we call toxins.
Just as we learned that small doses of very deadly
poisons can cure certain diseases, certain toxins can be used the
same way. You have to realize how poisons or cancer
chemotherapy works. Chemotherapy is killing both the cancer
cells and you. It's just that it, hopefully, is killing the cancer cells
so much faster than it is killing you. I think the trick is to pick
certain microbial toxins that certain cancers have never been
exposed to, and would be inherently very vulnerable to, but at
the same
time toxins that would have almost no effect on
healthy tissue.
A little bit more, and then time to hide the journal and
get some sleep.
Why are there higher incidences of cancer in healthy
affluent populations? Why did people who used to work in
cotton processing factories have such low rates of lung cancer,
where the exposure to cotton dust would have been at
extremely high levels? Why do dairy farmers who always have
traces of dried cow dung dust in their lungs have such a low
incidence of lung cancer?
Read more tomorrow.
Try to sleep.
Can't sleep.
Get out the journal.
An untapped source of uncharacterized and unscreened
micro‐organisms is new or poorly understood ecosystems, such
as those in caves. I have found in a particular cave in Kentucky
that has a bacterium that produces a substance that inhibits
proteins that aid in the growth of new blood vessels. When
cancer cells begin to form tumors, their rapid growth is highly
dependent on their ability to create new blood vessels to
provide the rapidly growing tumor with oxygen and nutrients.
The formation of new blood vessels in an organism is called
angiogenesis. A drug is anti‐angiogenic if it does not allow an
organism to create new blood vessels. If it can't produce new
blood vessels it cannot grow.
Another page.
Cave micro‐organisms are so well adapted to famine or
starvation conditions, my earlier attempts to cultivate were a
failure because the growth conditions I set up were too rich.
Unable to turn off their scavenging mechanisms, the micro‐
organisms ate themselves to death. When I tried to recreate the
starvation environments in which the microbes were found,
unable to obtain the natural calcium compounds they normally
thrived on, the subject microbes would secrete substances that
made the plasticizers leach out of plastic laboratory dishes. The
subject microbes were able to thrive on the plasticizer
compounds.
Hide the journal again.
A
revelation. A revelation is supposed to be the lifting of a veil
that hides something. It is supposed to be a revealing.
We brought with us lights. Hand held flashlights. The
flashlights were LED.
"They won't use up the batteries so fast." Sin says.
Sin also insists we wear helmets.
"Spelunker's helmets." He calls them.
They also have a small but efficient LED lantern built
into each of them.
"But we're only going to use them when necessary."
Sin says. "Like in emergencies."
"Wouldn't it be better to use them to prevent
emergencies?" I ask.
"Yeah." He says. "Except what happens when the
batteries run out, and then we have an emergency anyway?
Besides, we're going to see, err, encounter, things in here that
have never seen light before. We're going to see things that
don't even have eyes. Hell, we're going to see things that
most people have never seen before, and those things have
never seen anything."
"Like what?" I ask.
"To start with, we'll see a lot of murcielago." Sin says.
"You know how bats became blind?"
"No."
"They evolved over millions of years in caves where
there wasn't any light." He says. "But they leave the caves
every once in a while. There are thousands of life forms that
have never seen sunlight."
"Never?"
"Never." Sin says. "And some of those things are nasty
little buggers. Wait til you see a scorpider. You'll pee your
pants."
"A what?"
"A scorpider. At least that's what I call them. There's
probably some other name for them ‐ at least if some biologist
has seen one ‐ but I'm not sure anyone has."
"What is it?" I ask.
"It's, I think, some kind of prehistoric centipede. But it
looks like it's half spider and half scorpion. It senses the
approach of its prey by vibrations, and it can also detect
minute temperature changes around it. It can either bite, or it
can sting with venom in its pincers. Want to hear more?" He
asks.