Up and Down Stairs (56 page)

64
. Horne, pp. 66–7.

65
. Horne, pp. 68–9.

66
. Horne, p. 84.

67
. Horne, p. 71.

68
. Horne, p. 71.

69
. Horne, pp. 77–9.

70
. Horne, p. 83.

71
. Horne, p. 85.

72
. Horne, p. 93.

73
. Horne, p. 94.

74
. Horne, p. 95.

75
. Horne, pp. 96–7.

76
. Horne, pp. 98–9.

77
. Horne, p. 127.

78
. Horn,
Rise and Fall
, p. 50.

79
. Information from Basil Morgan, the Rockingham Castle archivist, extracted in a pamphlet, ‘Diary of a Victorian Lady’, pp. 1–2.

80
. Information from Basil Morgan, the Rockingham Castle archivist, extracted in the pamphlet ‘Diary of a Victorian Lady’, p. 2.

81
. Sambrook,
Keeping their Place
, pp. 6–7.

82
. Sambrook,
Keeping their Place
, p. 5.

83
. Sambrook,
Keeping their Place
, pp. 10–11.

84
. Sambrook,
Keeping their Place
, p. 29.

85
. Horn,
Rise and Fall
, p. 53.

86
. Horn,
Rise and Fall
, p. 54.

87
. Carnavon papers, Highclere Castle, Box 3, no. 6, HMC 174, 6/7 May 1873, quoted by kind permission of the Earl and Countess of Carnavon and thanks to Lydia Lebus for researching this material.

88
. Carnavon papers, Box 3, no. 6, HMC 174, 6/7 May 1873.

89
. Carnavon papers, Box 3, no. 6, HMC 174, 6/7 May 1873.

90
. Horn,
Rise and Fall
, p. 51.

91
. Horn,
Rise and Fall
, p. 52.

92
. MSS at Arundel Castle, dated June 1860, courtesy of the Arundel Castle trustees, and of David Clifton.

93
. Information from Mrs Sara Rodger, archivist at Arundel Castle.

94
. Hartcup, pp. 96–8.

95
. James Miller,
Hidden Treasure Houses
(2006), pp. 80–95.

96
. Copies of these early plans of the house are exhibited at Dalmeny.

97
. Duke of Devonshire,
Handbook of Chatsworth and Hardwick
(1845), pp. 148–9.

98
. Devonshire,
Handbook
, p. 149.

99
. Devonshire,
Handbook
, pp. 149–50.

100
. Turner, p. 169.

101
. Turner, p. 169.

102
. Hardyment, pp. 43–5.

103
. Francis Goodwin,
Rural Architecture
(1835), pp. 3–4 and plates.

104
. Goodwin, p. 3.

105
. Goodwin, p. 4.

106
. William White, ‘Humewood, Co. Wicklow’, in
Proceedings of the Royal Institute of British Architects
(session 1868–9), 1869, pp. 77–78, and plates (afterwards cited as White).

107
. White, pp. 77–80.

108
. White, p. 80.

109
. White, p. 85.

110
. The plans for Humewood are in the Irish Architectural Archive in Dublin; I am grateful to the IAA’s director for drawing my attention to them.

111
. Hardyment, p. 18.

112
. Hardyment, p. 19.

113
. Roger Kerr,
The Gentleman’s House
(1864), p. 64 (afterwards Kerr).

114
. Kerr, pp. 66–8.

115
. Kerr, pp. 66–8.

116
. Kerr, p. 198.

117
. Kerr, pp. 199–200.

118
. Kerr, p. 199.

119
. Kerr, pp. 199–200.

120
. Kerr, p. 203.

121
. Kerr, p. 202.

122
. Jill Franklin,
The Gentleman’s Country House and its Plan
(1981), p. 91 (afterwards Franklin); Kerr, p. 294 (afterwards Kerr).

123
. Kerr, p. 202.

124
. Franklin, p. 92.

125
. Franklin, p. 93.

126
. Kerr, p. 221.

127
. Franklin, p. 95; Kerr, p. 224.

128
. Sambrook,
A Country House at Work
, p. 103.

129
. Kerr, p. 224.

130
. Hardyment, pp. 50–61.

131
. Kerr, pp. 228–9.

132
. Kerr, p. 231.

133
. Hardyment, pp. 64–7.

134
. Franklin, p. 95.

135
. Franklin, p. 95.

136
. Franklin, p. 101.

137
. Shared bedrooms were the norm for under servants; see the illustration of the dormitory at Mamhead.

138
. Michael Trinick,
Lanhydrock
, revised edition (1992), pp. 14–18.

139
. Trinick, p. 22.

140
. Trinick, pp. 22–30.

141
. Hardyment, p. 25.

142
. Mark Girouard,
The Victorian Country House
(1979), p. 27.

143
. Earl and Countess of Aberdeen,
We Twa: Reminiscences of Lord and Lady Aberdeen
, vol. 2 (1929), pp. 1–10 (afterwards Aberdeen).

144
. Aberdeen, p. 2.

145
. Aberdeen, p. 2.

146
. Aberdeen, p. 5.

147
. Aberdeen, p. 7.

148
. Aberdeen, p. 10.

149
. H.G. Wells,
Tono-Bungay
(1964), pp. 12–13.

1
. Pamela Horn,
Life Below Stairs in the Twentieth Century
(2003), p. 12.

2
. Horn,
Rise and Fall
, p. 171; Gerard,
Country House Life
, pp. 282–3.

3
. Horn,
Rise and Fall
, p. 185.

4
. Horn,
Life Below Stairs
, p. 11.

5
. Horn,
Life Below Stairs
, p. 10.

6
. Frederick Gorst,
Carriages and Kings
(1956), pp. 126–7 (afterwards Gorst).

7
. Gorst, p. 136.

8
. Gorst, p. 137.

9
. Gorst, p. 136.

10
. Gorst, pp. 128–9.

11
. Gorst, p. 149.

12
. Gorst, p. 151.

13
. Gorst, pp. 132–3.

14
. Gorst, p. 133.

15
. Gorst, p. 133.

16
. Gorst, p. 133.

17
. Gorst, pp. 132–3.

18
. Gorst, p. 134.

19
. Gorst, p. 134.

20
. Gorst, p. 141.

21
. Gorst, pp. 159–60.

22
. Gorst, p. 13.

23
. Gorst, p. 130.

24
. Story told by the Dowager Duchess of Devonshire in an interview with the author, 9 January 2009.

25
. Rosina Harrison (ed.),
Gentlemen’s Gentlemen
(1978), pp. 26–7.

26
. Catherine Bailey,
Black Diamonds
(2007), pp. 6–7.

27
. Michael Hall,
Waddesdon Manor: The Heritage of a Rothschild House
(2002), pp. 204–10 (afterwards Hall).

28
. Hall, pp. 194–210.

29
. Hall, pp. 224–5.

30
. Hall, pp. 230–1.

31
. Interview with Mr Gautier, conducted by the National Trust in June 1992, typescript in the Waddesdon Collection.

32
. Letter in the Waddeson Collection, dated 20 November 1917.

33
. Notes from his grandson, John Macleod.

34
. Notes from John Macleod.

35
. Horn,
Life Below Stairs
, pp. 117–18.

36
. Tom Turner,
Memoirs of a Gamekeeper
(1954), pp. 17–32 and 51–61.

37
. Jonathan Ruffer,
The Big Shots
(1978), p. 57.

38
. Merlin Waterson (ed.),
The Country House Remembered: Recollections of Life Between the Wars
(1985), p. 88.

39
. Merlin Waterson (ed.),
The Country House Remembered
, p. 88.

40
. Herman Muthesius,
The English House
(1904–5), edited and translated by Dennis Sharp, republished by Frances Lincoln in 2007, vol. II, pp. 61–2 (afterwards Muthesius).

41
. Muthesius, II, p. 62.

42
. Muthesius, II, p. 63.

43
. Muthesius, II, p. 74.

44
. Muthesius, II, p. 73.

45
. Clive Aslet,
The Last Country Houses
(1982), p. 99 (afterwards Aslet).

46
. Seen on a visit to Waddesdon Manor.

47
. National Trust guidebook,
Castle Drogo
(1995), pp. 20–3.