Discourse and Defiance Under Nazi Occupation: Guernsey, Channel Islands, 1940-1945 (78 page)

62
. Ord, 320 (July 23, 1942).

63
. Harvey,
Battle of Newlands
, 144 and 147n (August 1942).

64
. Doig, August 31, 1942.

65
. Ord, 357 (September 14, 1942).

66
. Robin, August 16, 1942.

67
. Ord, 270 (February 17, 1942).

68
. Franklyn S. Haiman, “The Rhetoric of the Streets: Some Legal and Ethical Considerations,”
Quarterly Journal of Speech
(April 1967): 99–114.

69
. Michael L. Butterworth, “‘Katie Was Not Only a Girl, She Was Terrible’: Katie Hnidea, Body Rhetoric, and Football at the University of Colorado,”
Communication Studies
59, no. 3 (July–September 2008): 262. See also Kevin Michael Deluca, “Unruly Arguments: The Body Rhetoric of Earth First!, Act Up, and Queer Nation,”
Argumentation and Advocacy
36, no. 1 (Summer, 1999).

70
. Scott,
Domination
, 32.

71
. Scott,
Domination
, 37.

72
. Warry, July 30, 1942.

73
. Warry, April 20, 1944.

74
. Scott,
Weapons of the Weak
, 273.

75
. Jordan, “Sabotage or Performed Compliance,” 27.

76
. Jordan, “Sabotage or Performed Compliance,” 29.

77
. Jordan, “Sabotage or Performed Compliance,” 29.

78
. Robin, January 7, 1941.

79
. Ord, 142 (March 19, 1941).

80
. Lewis, March 19–22, 1941. The twelve hours of duty, performed by twenty men at a time and with the oversight of three policemen, went from 8:30 to 8:30, but actually meant two hours on duty and four hours off at a stretch. During the off hours they were allowed to sleep at San Elmo Hotel on the Forest Road, or at any nearby house.

81
. Higgs,
Life in Guernsey
, 22 (March 17, 1941).

82
. Harvey,
Battle of Newlands
, 65 (March 20, 1941).

83
. Harvey,
Battle of Newlands
, 65 (March 20, 1941).

84
. Doig, March 19, 1941.

85
. Sauvary,
Diary
, 64 (March 21, 1941).

86
. Ord, 142 (March 19, 1941), emphasis in original.

87
. Higgs,
Life in Guernsey
, 48. Comically, she pondered whether she would be asked to sabotage the German batteries. This seemed a little beyond her small farmer capabilities, so she considered something more in line with her husbandry skills: “If I were told to steal all their rabbits I'd have a good try!”

88
. Ord, 541 (July 1, 1943).

89
. Robin, May 23, 1944.

90
. Alfred Williams, private interview, June 2004. The tie between sabotage of the runway and any particular crash has not been authenticated and must be considered as a personal memory.

91
. Knowles Smith, 202. Dr. Knowles Smith describes some of the truly harrowing treatment of several young Jersey Islanders who attempted these 1944–45 escape attempts, some of the fifty escapees from that Island between September 1944 and April 1945.

92
. Louise Willmot, “The Channel Islands,” in
Resistance in Western Europe
, ed. Bob Moore (London: Berg, 2000), 77.

93
. Harvey,
Battle of Newlands
, 29 (September 9–13, 1940).

94
. Harvey,
Battle of Newlands
, 29 (September 26–October 1, 1940).

95
. Bachmann,
Prey of an Eagle
, 39 (October 24, 1940).

96
. Harvey,
Battle of Newlands
, 33 (September 26–October 1, 1940).

97
. Doig, September 28, 1940.

98
. Sauvary,
Diary
, 34 (October 1940).

99
. Williams, 57 (June 12, 1942).

100
. Knowles Smith,
The Changing Face
, 204. Knowles Smith describes how the boys had been betrayed by a family member, and since they were arrested under Hitler's Night and Fog they were given no privileges. One of the arrested boys would die from tuberculosis and harsh treatment.

101
. Lewis, June 29, 1942.

102
. Williams, 61 (July 1942).

103
. Corbin, June 1942.

104
. Lewis, October 2, 1940.

105
. Ord, 375 and 385 (October 3 and 13, 1940).

106
. Harvey,
Battle of Newlands
, 192 (August 15, 1943).

107
. Williams, 102 (August 15, 1943).

108
. Bachmann,
Prey of an Eagle
, 159–60 (August 24, 1943).

109
. Ord, 586 (August 15, 1943).

110
. Lewis, November 8, 1943.

111
. Madeleine Bunting, who devalues most resistant acts in the Occupation, has nothing but praise for those who escaped. Considering them to have “the most patriotic of motives,” she apparently sees escapees as a cut above the average Islander, who experienced the retribution for escapes and was critical of the act; Bunting,
The Model Occupation
, 203.

112
. Harvey,
Battle of Newlands
, 248 (November 5–12, 1944).

113
. Bachmann,
Prey of an Eagle
, 200 (November 19, 1944).

114
. Sauvary,
Diary
, 257–58 (November 4, 1944); Lewis, November 4, 1944; Williams, 170 (November 4, 1944); Harvey,
Battle of Newlands
, 248 and 258n (November 5–12, 1944).

115
. Williams, 206 (January 25, 1945).

116
. Ord, 567 (July 25, 1943).

117
. Ord, 846 (August 9, 1944); Robin, August 2, 1944, and January 24, 1945; Williams, July 28, 1944, and January 25, 1945; William M. Bell,
I Beg to Report: Policing in Guernsey during the German Occupation
(Guernsey: Guernsey Press, 1995), 287.

118
. Robin, December 1, 1940.

119
. “HMS
Charybdis
,” BBC Guernsey,
http://www.bbc.co.uk/guernsey/content/articles/2004/10/06/hms_charybdis_feature.shtml
.

120
. Warry, November 13–14, 1943.

121
. Diary of Arthur Mauger, A2374/23, 25/8/1942–13/4/1944, ledger book 23, Guernsey Island Archives [hereafter Mauger].

122
. Warry, November 17, 1943.

123
. Lewis, November 17, 1943.

124
. Scott,
Domination
, 15.

125
. “HMS
Charybdis
,” BBC Guernsey,
http://www.bbc.co.uk/guernsey/content/articles/2004/10/06/hms_charybdis_feature.shtml
.

126
. Smith, “Violence,” 203.

127
. Sauvary,
Diary
, 109 (November 18, 1941).

128
. Lewis, June 19, 1942.

129
. Sauvary,
Diary
, 69 (April 11, 1941).

130
. Mary Ann Schaffer,
The Guernsey Literary and Potato Peel Pie Society
(London: Bloomsbury Publishing, 2008), 45.

131
. Ord, 826 (July 13, 1944).

132
. Harvey,
Battle of Newlands
, 64 (February 16–March 2, 1941).

133
. Ord, 852 (August 14, 1944).

134
. Doig, March 26, 1942.

135
. Paul Sanders,
The British Channel Islands under German Occupation, 1940–1945
(Jersey: Jersey Heritage Trust/Société Jersiaise, 2005), 118–19; Bell,
Guernsey Occupied but Never Conquered
, 227–30; Richard Heaume, “Marie Ozanne,”
Channel Islands Occupation Review
23 (1995): 79–82.

136
. Rosemary Booth, Introduction, in Harvey,
Battle of Newlands
, vii.

137
. Harvey,
Battle of Newlands
, 49 (November 16–December 2, 1940).

138
. Harvey,
Battle of Newlands
, 58 (January 15–28, 1940).

139
. Harvey,
Battle of Newlands
, 120 and 129 (January 1942).

140
. Harvey,
Battle of Newlands
, 154–55 (September 15–30, 1942).

141
. Harvey,
Battle of Newlands
, 67 n. 12.

142
. Smith, “Violence,” 184.

143
. Lewis, November 29, 1942.

144
. Lewis, January 3, 1943.

145
. Charles J. Rolo,
Radio Goes to War: The “Fourth Front”
(New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1942), 11.

146
. Rolo,
Radio Goes to War
, 12.

147
. Rolo,
Radio Goes to War
, 141.

148
. Robin, December 25, 1941.

149
. Harvey,
Battle of Newlands
, 83 (July 1944).

150
. Ord, 541 (July 1, 1943).

151
. Rolo,
Radio Goes to War
, 173–74.

152
. Rolo,
Radio Goes to War
, 176.

153
. Rolo,
Radio Goes to War
, 177–78.

154
. “International: Frivolous V,”
Time
magazine, July 28, 1941,
http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,795409–2,00.html
.

155
. Rolo,
Radio Goes to War
, 175.

156
. Lewis, July 2–3, 1941.

157
. Robin, July 9, 1941.

158
. Robin, July 18, 1941.

159
. Frank Falla,
The Silent War
(Guernsey: Burbridge Ltd., 1994), 57.

160
. Ord, 184 (July 19, 1941).

161
. Ord, 184 (July 19, 1941).

162
. Ord, 185–86 (July 23, 1941).

163
. Lewis, July 18, 1941.

164
. Ord, 184–86 (July 19–July 23, 1941).

165
. Ord, 185 (July 23, 1941).

166
. Ord, 188 (July 30, 1941).