Authors: Aki Peritz,Eric Rosenbach
Find, Fix, Finish (50 page)
50
Department of Justice, Office of the Inspector General, “The Department of Justice’s Terrorism Task Forces,” June 2005,
www.justice.gov/oig/reports/plus/e0507/final.pdf
.
Department of Justice, Office of the Inspector General, “The Department of Justice’s Terrorism Task Forces,” June 2005,
www.justice.gov/oig/reports/plus/e0507/final.pdf
.
51
Ibid.
Ibid.
52
“NYPD’s Voice Loud and Clear,”
NYPD Confidential
, October 14, 2005,
http://nypdconfidential.com/columns/2005/051014.html
.
“NYPD’s Voice Loud and Clear,”
NYPD Confidential
, October 14, 2005,
http://nypdconfidential.com/columns/2005/051014.html
.
53
“Inside the Zazi Takedown.”
“Inside the Zazi Takedown.”
54
Ibid.
Ibid.
55
Ibid.
Ibid.
56
Ibid.
Ibid.
57
David Johnston and William Rashbaum, “Rush for Clues Before Charges in Terror Case,”
New York Times,
September 30, 2009.
David Johnston and William Rashbaum, “Rush for Clues Before Charges in Terror Case,”
New York Times,
September 30, 2009.
58
Temple-Raston, “Terrorism Case Shows Range of Investigators’ Tools.”
Temple-Raston, “Terrorism Case Shows Range of Investigators’ Tools.”
59
“Inside the Zazi Takedown.”
“Inside the Zazi Takedown.”
60
Ibid.
Ibid.
61
A. G. Sulzberger, “Imam and Informant Tells Why He Lied,”
New York Times,
April 15, 2010.
A. G. Sulzberger, “Imam and Informant Tells Why He Lied,”
New York Times,
April 15, 2010.
62
Carrie Johnson and Robin Shulman, “Probes Test Trust That Authorities Strove to Win from US Muslims,”
Washington Post,
October 5, 2009.
Carrie Johnson and Robin Shulman, “Probes Test Trust That Authorities Strove to Win from US Muslims,”
Washington Post,
October 5, 2009.
63
Ibid.
Ibid.
64
“Inside the Zazi Takedown.”
“Inside the Zazi Takedown.”
65
“Probes Test Trust That Authorities Strove to Win from US Muslims.”
“Probes Test Trust That Authorities Strove to Win from US Muslims.”
66
“The United States of America Versus Mohammad Wali Zazi,” criminal complaint for the US District Court for the District of Colorado, September 16, 2009,
www.npr.org/blogs/thetwo-way/M%20Zazi.pdf
.
“The United States of America Versus Mohammad Wali Zazi,” criminal complaint for the US District Court for the District of Colorado, September 16, 2009,
www.npr.org/blogs/thetwo-way/M%20Zazi.pdf
.
67
“The United States of America Versus Ahmad Wais Afzali,” criminal complaint for the United States District Court Eastern District of New York,
http://cryptome.org/zazi/usa-v-zazi.htm#Ahmad
Wais Afzali.
“The United States of America Versus Ahmad Wais Afzali,” criminal complaint for the United States District Court Eastern District of New York,
http://cryptome.org/zazi/usa-v-zazi.htm#Ahmad
Wais Afzali.
68
“The United States of America Versus Najibullah Zazi.”
“The United States of America Versus Najibullah Zazi.”
69
Ibid.
Ibid.
70
Ibid.
Ibid.
71
Temple-Raston, “Terrorism Case Shows Range of Investigators’ Tools.”
Temple-Raston, “Terrorism Case Shows Range of Investigators’ Tools.”
72
Furthermore, Section 213 of the act allowed for such searches while making no explicit references to terrorism, clearing the path for use in a range of federal cases. A 2009 report by the Administrative Office of the US Courts noted that, of the 763 requests in 2008, only three dealt with terrorism, while 65 percent were requested for drug-related investigations. By 2009, relatively little controversy surrounded the revelations that terrorism concerns played only a minor part in these requests, despite the fact that the bill that birthed this law had the word “terrorism” in the title. Administrative Office of the United States Courts,
Report of the Director of the Administrative Office of the United States Courts on Applications for Delayed-Notice Search Warrants and Extensions,
July 2, 2009.
Furthermore, Section 213 of the act allowed for such searches while making no explicit references to terrorism, clearing the path for use in a range of federal cases. A 2009 report by the Administrative Office of the US Courts noted that, of the 763 requests in 2008, only three dealt with terrorism, while 65 percent were requested for drug-related investigations. By 2009, relatively little controversy surrounded the revelations that terrorism concerns played only a minor part in these requests, despite the fact that the bill that birthed this law had the word “terrorism” in the title. Administrative Office of the United States Courts,
Report of the Director of the Administrative Office of the United States Courts on Applications for Delayed-Notice Search Warrants and Extensions,
July 2, 2009.
73
“The United States of America Versus Najibullah Zazi.”
“The United States of America Versus Najibullah Zazi.”
74
Wilson, “From Smiling Coffee Vendor to Terror Suspect.”
Wilson, “From Smiling Coffee Vendor to Terror Suspect.”
75
Johnston and Rashbaum, “Rush for Clues Before Charges in Terror Case.”
Johnston and Rashbaum, “Rush for Clues Before Charges in Terror Case.”
76
Bobby Ghosh, “NYPD Denies It Botched a Terrorism Probe,”
Time
, September 22, 2009.
Bobby Ghosh, “NYPD Denies It Botched a Terrorism Probe,”
Time
, September 22, 2009.
77
Bobby Ghosh, “Spotlight: The Zazi Terrorism Case,”
Time
, October 5, 2009.
Bobby Ghosh, “Spotlight: The Zazi Terrorism Case,”
Time
, October 5, 2009.
78
Ibid.
Ibid.
79
Mike Levine, “White House Wades into Terror Intel Dispute Between FBI, Homeland Security,” FOX
News.com
, December 17, 2009,
www.foxnews.com/politics/2009/12/16/white-house-intervenes-dispute-fbi-homeland-security
.
Mike Levine, “White House Wades into Terror Intel Dispute Between FBI, Homeland Security,” FOX
News.com
, December 17, 2009,
www.foxnews.com/politics/2009/12/16/white-house-intervenes-dispute-fbi-homeland-security
.
80
Ibid.
Ibid.
81
Al Baker and Karen Zraick, “FBI Searches Colorado Home of Man in Terror Inquiry That Reached Queens,”
New York Times,
September 16, 2009.
Al Baker and Karen Zraick, “FBI Searches Colorado Home of Man in Terror Inquiry That Reached Queens,”
New York Times,
September 16, 2009.
82
Karen Zraick, “A Man Under Watch, but Not Under Wraps, in a Terrorism Case,”
New York Times,
October 8, 2009; “Facts and Fictions About Alleged Zazi Plot,” NPR, September 28, 2009.
Karen Zraick, “A Man Under Watch, but Not Under Wraps, in a Terrorism Case,”
New York Times,
October 8, 2009; “Facts and Fictions About Alleged Zazi Plot,” NPR, September 28, 2009.
83
Zraick, “A Man Under Watch.”
Zraick, “A Man Under Watch.”
84
Ibid.
Ibid.
85
“Facts and Fictions About Alleged Zazi Plot.”
“Facts and Fictions About Alleged Zazi Plot.”
86
Zraick, “A Man Under Watch.”
Zraick, “A Man Under Watch.”
87
US Department of Justice, “Memorandum of Law in Support of the Government’s Motion for a Permanent Order of Detention.”
US Department of Justice, “Memorandum of Law in Support of the Government’s Motion for a Permanent Order of Detention.”
89
US Department of Justice, “Memorandum of Law in Support of the Government’s Motion for a Permanent Order of Detention.”
US Department of Justice, “Memorandum of Law in Support of the Government’s Motion for a Permanent Order of Detention.”
90
“The United States of America Versus Najibullah Zazi.”
“The United States of America Versus Najibullah Zazi.”
91
Kirk Mitchell et al., “Zazi, Father held in Terror Probe,”
Denver Post
, September 20, 2009.
Kirk Mitchell et al., “Zazi, Father held in Terror Probe,”
Denver Post
, September 20, 2009.
92
“Inside the Zazi Takedown.”
“Inside the Zazi Takedown.”
93
Department of Justice, Office of Public Affairs, “Najibullah Zazi Indicted for Conspiracy,” September 24, 2009.
Department of Justice, Office of Public Affairs, “Najibullah Zazi Indicted for Conspiracy,” September 24, 2009.
94
John Brennan, “State of the Union,” CNN, May 9, 2010,
http://transcripts.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/1005/09/sotu.01.html
.
John Brennan, “State of the Union,” CNN, May 9, 2010,
http://transcripts.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/1005/09/sotu.01.html
.
95
Michael Farrell, “Zazi Case: How Far should FBI Go in Tracking Muslims?”
Christian Science Monitor
, September 30, 2009.
Michael Farrell, “Zazi Case: How Far should FBI Go in Tracking Muslims?”
Christian Science Monitor
, September 30, 2009.
96
David Kravets, “Lawmakers Cave to FBI in Patriot Act Debate,”
Wired,
October 1, 2009.
David Kravets, “Lawmakers Cave to FBI in Patriot Act Debate,”
Wired,
October 1, 2009.
97
William Rashbaum, “After Months of Scrutiny in Zazi Terrorism Case, Two Arrests Came as a Surprise,”
New York Times,
January 8, 2010.
William Rashbaum, “After Months of Scrutiny in Zazi Terrorism Case, Two Arrests Came as a Surprise,”
New York Times,
January 8, 2010.
98
Department of Justice, Office of Public Affairs, “Najibullah Zazi Pleads Guilty to Conspiracy.”
Department of Justice, Office of Public Affairs, “Najibullah Zazi Pleads Guilty to Conspiracy.”
99
“The United States of America Versus Najibullah Zazi.”
“The United States of America Versus Najibullah Zazi.”
100
Sulzberger, “Imam and Informant Tells Why He Lied.”
Sulzberger, “Imam and Informant Tells Why He Lied.”
101
“Father of Would-Be Suicide Bomber Convicted of Obstructing Terrorism Investigation,” FBI press release, July 22, 2011.
“Father of Would-Be Suicide Bomber Convicted of Obstructing Terrorism Investigation,” FBI press release, July 22, 2011.
102
Carrie Johnson and Spencer Hsu, “Najibullah Zazi Pleads Guilty in New York Subway Bomb Plot,”
Washington Post
, February 23, 2010.
CHAPTER 10: AMERICA’S FUTURECarrie Johnson and Spencer Hsu, “Najibullah Zazi Pleads Guilty in New York Subway Bomb Plot,”
Washington Post
, February 23, 2010.
1
Philip Smucker, “The Intrigue Behind the Drone Strike,”
Christian Science Monitor,
November 12, 2002.
Philip Smucker, “The Intrigue Behind the Drone Strike,”
Christian Science Monitor,
November 12, 2002.
2
Winston Nagan and Craig Hammer, “The Changing Character of Sovereignty in International Law and International Relations,”
www.law.ufl.edu/faculty/publications/pdf/sov.pdf
.
Winston Nagan and Craig Hammer, “The Changing Character of Sovereignty in International Law and International Relations,”
www.law.ufl.edu/faculty/publications/pdf/sov.pdf
.
3
Boczek Boleslaw,
International Law: A Dictionary
(Lanham, MD: Scarecrow, 2005).
Boczek Boleslaw,
International Law: A Dictionary
(Lanham, MD: Scarecrow, 2005).
4
UN Charter, Article 2, Section 4,
www.un.org/en/documents/charter/chapter1.shtml
.
UN Charter, Article 2, Section 4,
www.un.org/en/documents/charter/chapter1.shtml
.
6
UN Charter, Article 51,
www.un.org/en/documents/charter/chapter7.shtml
.
UN Charter, Article 51,
www.un.org/en/documents/charter/chapter7.shtml
.
7
Donald Rumsfeld, “Remarks at Stakeout Outside ABC TV,” October 28, 2001,
www.defense.gov/Transcripts/Transcript.aspx?TranscriptID=2225
.
Donald Rumsfeld, “Remarks at Stakeout Outside ABC TV,” October 28, 2001,
www.defense.gov/Transcripts/Transcript.aspx?TranscriptID=2225
.
8
George W. Bush, “Statement by the President in His Address to the Nation,” September 11, 2001,
http://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2001/09/print/20010911–16.html
.
George W. Bush, “Statement by the President in His Address to the Nation,” September 11, 2001,
http://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2001/09/print/20010911–16.html
.
9
Ibid.
Ibid.
10
Smucker, “Intrigue Behind the Drone Strike.”
Smucker, “Intrigue Behind the Drone Strike.”
11
Smucker, “Intrigue Behind the Drone Strike”; Seymour Hersh, “Manhunt: The Bush Administration’s New Strategy in the War Against Terrorism,”
New Yorker,
December 23, 2002.
Smucker, “Intrigue Behind the Drone Strike”; Seymour Hersh, “Manhunt: The Bush Administration’s New Strategy in the War Against Terrorism,”
New Yorker,
December 23, 2002.
12
Hersh, “Manhunt.”
Hersh, “Manhunt.”
13
James Risen and David Johnston, “Bush Has Widened Authority of C.I.A. to Kill Terrorists,”
New York Times,
December 15, 2002; Hersh, “Manhunt.”
James Risen and David Johnston, “Bush Has Widened Authority of C.I.A. to Kill Terrorists,”
New York Times,
December 15, 2002; Hersh, “Manhunt.”
14
Risen and Johnston, “Bush Has Widened Authority of C.I.A.”; Hersh, “Manhunt.”
Risen and Johnston, “Bush Has Widened Authority of C.I.A.”; Hersh, “Manhunt.”
15
Ibid.
Ibid.
16
Ahmed al Haj, “Blast Said to Kill Bin Laden Aide,” Associated Press, November 4, 2002.
Ahmed al Haj, “Blast Said to Kill Bin Laden Aide,” Associated Press, November 4, 2002.
17
Ibid.
Ibid.
18
Deputy Secretary Wolfowitz, interview by CNN International, November 5, 2002,
www.usatoday.com/news/world/2002–11–04-yemen-explosion_x.htm
.
Deputy Secretary Wolfowitz, interview by CNN International, November 5, 2002,
www.usatoday.com/news/world/2002–11–04-yemen-explosion_x.htm
.
19
Ahmed al Haj, “Yemen Acknowledges U.S. Role in Attack Against al-Qaida but Criticizes One-Sided Announcement,” Associated Press Worldstream, November 19, 2002.
Ahmed al Haj, “Yemen Acknowledges U.S. Role in Attack Against al-Qaida but Criticizes One-Sided Announcement,” Associated Press Worldstream, November 19, 2002.
20
“Yemeni Parties Condemn US Killing of Six Nationals on 3 November,”
Yemen Times
, November 18, 2002.
“Yemeni Parties Condemn US Killing of Six Nationals on 3 November,”
Yemen Times
, November 18, 2002.
21
Matt Kelley, “Unmanned Craft a Terror War Tool,” Associated Press, November 5, 2002.
Matt Kelley, “Unmanned Craft a Terror War Tool,” Associated Press, November 5, 2002.
22
Hersh, “Manhunt.”
Hersh, “Manhunt.”
23
Sue Chan, “CIA’s License to Kill: CIA Agents Authorized to Kill Americans Working for Al-Qaeda,” CBS, December 4, 2002,
www.cbsnews.com/stories/2002/12/03/terror/main531596.shtml?tag=mncol;lst;1
.
Sue Chan, “CIA’s License to Kill: CIA Agents Authorized to Kill Americans Working for Al-Qaeda,” CBS, December 4, 2002,
www.cbsnews.com/stories/2002/12/03/terror/main531596.shtml?tag=mncol;lst;1
.
24
Ibid.
Ibid.
25
David Ensor, “U.S. Confirms Death of Man Linked to Alleged Buffalo Terror Cell,” CNN, November 12, 2002.
http://articles.cnn.com/2002–11–12/us/yemen.blast.us_1_ahmed-hijazi-kamal-derwish-men-of-yemeni-descent?_s=PM:US
.
David Ensor, “U.S. Confirms Death of Man Linked to Alleged Buffalo Terror Cell,” CNN, November 12, 2002.
http://articles.cnn.com/2002–11–12/us/yemen.blast.us_1_ahmed-hijazi-kamal-derwish-men-of-yemeni-descent?_s=PM:US
.
26
Patrick Tyler, “Yemen, an Uneasy Ally, Proves Adept at Playing Off Old Rivals,”
New York Times,
December 19, 2002.
Patrick Tyler, “Yemen, an Uneasy Ally, Proves Adept at Playing Off Old Rivals,”
New York Times,
December 19, 2002.
27
Jim Landers, “U.S. Officials Say Group Hasn’t Been Able to Gain Firm Foothold,”
Dallas Morning News,
May 6, 2004.
Jim Landers, “U.S. Officials Say Group Hasn’t Been Able to Gain Firm Foothold,”
Dallas Morning News,
May 6, 2004.
28
Jonathan Schanzer, “Aid to Yemen: Throwing Good Money After Bad?” House Committee on Foreign Affairs, Written Testimony, February 3, 2010.
Jonathan Schanzer, “Aid to Yemen: Throwing Good Money After Bad?” House Committee on Foreign Affairs, Written Testimony, February 3, 2010.
29
Anwar Faruqi, “Suspect Was on the Run for Months in Yemen,” Associated Press, November 6, 2002.
Anwar Faruqi, “Suspect Was on the Run for Months in Yemen,” Associated Press, November 6, 2002.
30
Anwar Faruqi, “Al Qaida Suspects Sought in Yemen,” Associated Press, February 4, 2002.
Anwar Faruqi, “Al Qaida Suspects Sought in Yemen,” Associated Press, February 4, 2002.
31
“U.S. Kills Al-Qaeda Suspects in Yemen,” Associated Press, November 5, 2002.
“U.S. Kills Al-Qaeda Suspects in Yemen,” Associated Press, November 5, 2002.
32
Tyler, “Yemen, an Uneasy Ally.”
Tyler, “Yemen, an Uneasy Ally.”
33
Kimberley Dozier, “U.S. Leading Assaults on al-Qaeda in Yemen: Cruise Missile Strikes, Military Units on Ground Exemplify American Actions in Country,” CBS, January 3, 2010,
www.cbsnews.com/stories/2010/01/02/eveningnews/main6048291.shtml?tag=contentMain;contentBody
.
Kimberley Dozier, “U.S. Leading Assaults on al-Qaeda in Yemen: Cruise Missile Strikes, Military Units on Ground Exemplify American Actions in Country,” CBS, January 3, 2010,
www.cbsnews.com/stories/2010/01/02/eveningnews/main6048291.shtml?tag=contentMain;contentBody
.
34
Dozier, “U.S. Leading Assaults”; Landers, “U.S. Officials Say Group Hasn’t Been Able to Gain Firm Foothold”; Tyler, “Yemen, an Uneasy Ally”; Faruqi, “Suspect Was on the Run.”
Dozier, “U.S. Leading Assaults”; Landers, “U.S. Officials Say Group Hasn’t Been Able to Gain Firm Foothold”; Tyler, “Yemen, an Uneasy Ally”; Faruqi, “Suspect Was on the Run.”
35
Ahmed al Haj, “President: Yemen to Fight Terrorism,” Associated Press, February 28, 2002.
Ahmed al Haj, “President: Yemen to Fight Terrorism,” Associated Press, February 28, 2002.
36
Ahmed al Haj, “Yemeni Tribes Warn U.S. Against Attack,” Associated Press, May 17, 2002.
Ahmed al Haj, “Yemeni Tribes Warn U.S. Against Attack,” Associated Press, May 17, 2002.
37
Anwar Faruqi, “Al Qaida Suspects Sought in Yemen,” Associated Press, February 4, 2002.
Anwar Faruqi, “Al Qaida Suspects Sought in Yemen,” Associated Press, February 4, 2002.
38
Faruqi, “Suspect Was on the Run.”
Faruqi, “Suspect Was on the Run.”
39
Hersh, “Manhunt.”
Hersh, “Manhunt.”
40
Tyler, “Yemen, an Uneasy Ally.”
Tyler, “Yemen, an Uneasy Ally.”
41
Schanzer, “Aid to Yemen.”
Schanzer, “Aid to Yemen.”
42
Andrew Buncombe and Raymond Whitaker, “Silent Killer Changes Rules of Engagement,”
Independent
, November 6, 2002.
Andrew Buncombe and Raymond Whitaker, “Silent Killer Changes Rules of Engagement,”
Independent
, November 6, 2002.
43
West Point Combating Terrorism Center, “Al Qa’ida’s Foreign Fighters in Iraq: A First Look at the Sinjar Records,” December 2007,
http://brianhowesfishman.files.wordpress.com/2009/12/sinjar-records_final.pdf
.
West Point Combating Terrorism Center, “Al Qa’ida’s Foreign Fighters in Iraq: A First Look at the Sinjar Records,” December 2007,
http://brianhowesfishman.files.wordpress.com/2009/12/sinjar-records_final.pdf
.
44
Ian Black, “Yemen Terrorism: Soft Approach to Jihadist Start to Backfire as Poverty Fuels Extremism,”
Guardian
, July 30, 2008.
Ian Black, “Yemen Terrorism: Soft Approach to Jihadist Start to Backfire as Poverty Fuels Extremism,”
Guardian
, July 30, 2008.
45
Shane Bauer, “U.S. Embassy Hit in Yemen, Raising Militancy Concerns,”
Christian Science Monitor,
September 18, 2008.
Shane Bauer, “U.S. Embassy Hit in Yemen, Raising Militancy Concerns,”
Christian Science Monitor,
September 18, 2008.
46
“Yemeni Troops Target al-Qaeda,”
english.aljazeera.net
, January 5, 2010,
http://english.aljazeera.net/news/middleeast/2010/01/201015132832598600.html
.
“Yemeni Troops Target al-Qaeda,”
english.aljazeera.net
, January 5, 2010,
http://english.aljazeera.net/news/middleeast/2010/01/201015132832598600.html
.
47
“Yemen in War with al-Qaeda, Urges Citizens to Help,” Reuters, January 14, 2010.
“Yemen in War with al-Qaeda, Urges Citizens to Help,” Reuters, January 14, 2010.
48
Christa Case Bryant, “Yemen Air Strike on Al-Qaeda: Was Cleric Linked to Fort Hood Shooting Killed?”
Christian Science Monitor
, December 24, 2009.
Christa Case Bryant, “Yemen Air Strike on Al-Qaeda: Was Cleric Linked to Fort Hood Shooting Killed?”
Christian Science Monitor
, December 24, 2009.
49
Adam Entous, “Gates Backs Big Boost in U.S. Military Aid to Yemen,” Reuters, February 22, 2010.
Adam Entous, “Gates Backs Big Boost in U.S. Military Aid to Yemen,” Reuters, February 22, 2010.
50
Hersh, “Manhunt.”
Hersh, “Manhunt.”
51
Jeffrey Gettleman and Eric Schmitt, “U.S. Kills Top Qaeda Militant in Southern Somalia,”
New York Times,
September 14, 2009.
Jeffrey Gettleman and Eric Schmitt, “U.S. Kills Top Qaeda Militant in Southern Somalia,”
New York Times,
September 14, 2009.
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