Ross & Wilson Anatomy and Physiology in Health and Illness (226 page)

energy production,
308

heart rate and,
87

muscle fatigue,
412

muscle recovery after,
412

respiration and,
253

sympathetic response,
169–170

Exocrine glands,
41
,
41
f

Exocytosis,
33

Exophthalmos,
223
,
223f

Expiration,
248
f
,
249

Expiratory reserve volume (ERV),
249
,
249
f

Extension,
395
,
402
t
,
403
f

Extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis muscles,
417
f
,
418

Extensor carpi ulnaris muscle,
417
f
,
418

Extensor digitorum muscle,
417
f
,
418

Extensor retinaculum,
406–407

External acoustic meatus (auditory canal),
186–187
,
186
f
,
388
,
388
f

External carotid artery,
95–96
,
95
f

External environment,
5

communication with,
7
,
10

protection against,
12–13

External genitalia, female,
438–439
,
439
f

External iliac artery,
92
f
,
94
f
,
103

External iliac vein,
93
f
,
104

External jugular vein,
93
f
,
97
,
97
f

External oblique muscle,
415
f
,
416
,
416
f

External pudendal arteries,
439

Extracellular fluid (ECF),
26
,
26
f

Extradural haemorrhage,
174

Extraocular muscles,
197

Extrapyramidal tracts,
148–149
,
158
t

Extrinsic allergic alveolitis,
259

Eye,
190–199

accessory organs of,
198–199
,
198
f

accommodation to light,
194
,
196
,
196
f

anterior chamber,
191
f
,
192

anterior segment,
192

autonomic control,
170–171

blood supply,
192

disorders of,
203–205

extraocular muscles of,
197

extrinsic muscles of,
191
,
197
,
198
f
,
198
t

inflammatory conditions,
203–204

interior of,
192

intrinsic (intraocular) muscles,
166
,
197

movements,
197

nerve supply to muscles,
166
,
197
,
198
t

physiology of sight,
194–197

posterior chamber,
191
f
,
192

refractive errors,
205–206
,
206f

sockets,
386
,
391

structure,
190–194
,
191
f

tumours,
205

Eyeball, convergence,
196

Eyebrows,
198
,
198
f

Eyelashes,
198

Eyelids,
198–199
,
198
f

F

Face

bones,
43
,
43
f
,
45
f
,
389–390
,
390
f
,
391

muscles,
413–414
,
414
f

Facet,
385
t

Facial artery,
95–96
,
95
f

Facial nerve (cranial nerve VII),
165
f
,
166
,
284

Bell's palsy,
181

Facial vein,
97
f

Facioscapulohumeral dystrophy,
425

Faeces,
12
,
278–279

constituents,
296
,
299

Faecoliths,
316–317

Fainting,
126

Fallopian tubes
See
Uterine tubes

Fallot's tetralogy,
124

Falx cerebelli,
146

Falx cerebri,
146
,
146
f
,
148

Farmer's lung,
259t

Farsightedness,
205
,
206f

Fascia

muscle,
37

pubocervical,
442

renal,
330–331

Fasciitis, necrotising,
362

Fat(s),
23
,
24
f
,
269–270

absorption,
129
,
305
t

cells,
36
,
37
f

digestion,
295
,
296
,
305
t

embolism,
385

foods high in,
267

functions,
269–270

metabolism,
302
,
310
,
310
f

pads,
408

satiety value,
270

saturated,
23–24
,
269

unsaturated,
23–24
,
269
See also
Adipose tissue

Fatigue, muscle,
412

Fatty acids,
269
,
296
,
310

absorption,
296

energy release,
310

essential,
269

Fatty streaks,
113–114

Feedback

negative
See
Negative feedback mechanisms

positive,
7
,
208
,
212
,
212
f

Female

bony pelvis,
398
,
399
f

hormones,
211

infertility,
453
,
454–455

lower urinary tract,
340
f
,
341

pelvic cavity,
48
f

pelvic floor,
416
f

puberty,
444

urethra,
341

Female reproductive system,
48
,
48
f
,
438–447
,
438
f

diseases of,
453–455

external genitalia,
438–439
,
439
f

functions,
438

internal genitalia,
439–446
,
440
f

Femoral artery,
92
f
,
103
,
104
f

Femoral hernia,
321

Femoral nerve,
162–163
,
162
f
,
163
f

Femoral vein,
93
f
,
104
,
105
,
105
f

Femur,
398–399
,
399
f

head of,
407

ligament of head of,
407
,
407
f

Fertilisation,
13
,
14
,
14
f
,
438
,
442
,
445

Fetal circulation,
108–110
,
109
f

changes at birth,
109
f
,
110

Fetus,
442

protection,
109

Fever (pyrexia),
358
,
369

Fibre, dietary,
266
,
273
,
299

Fibrillation,
122–123

Fibrin,
56
,
64
,
368

Fibrinogen,
64
,
368

Fibrinolysis,
64–65

Fibroadenoma, breast,
455

Fibroblasts,
30
f
,
36

in wound healing,
359
,
359
f
,
360