Ross & Wilson Anatomy and Physiology in Health and Illness (229 page)

colour,
356

Hair cells,
188
,
189
,
189
f
,
190

Hair follicles,
355
f
,
356

Hallux,
400–401

Hamate,
397
,
398
f

Hamstring muscles,
419
,
419
f

Hand

bones,
398
,
398
f

joints,
406–407

Haploid,
428

Harelip,
312

Hashimoto's disease,
375

Haversian systems,
381–382
,
382
f

Hay fever,
254–255

hCG
See
Human chorionic gonadotrophin

Head

arterial supply to,
95–96
,
95
f

enlargement, childhood hydrocephalus,
173

injuries,
173–174

lymph nodes,
130
,
130
f

venous return,
97–98
,
97
f

Healing,
359–361

bone,
384–385
,
386
f
See also
Wound healing

Hearing,
186–189

area (of cerebral cortex),
151–152

pharyngeal function,
237

physiology of,
189
,
189
f

Hearing loss,
202

conductive,
202
,
202b

sensorineural (perceptive),
202
,
202b

Heart,
9
,
74
,
78–87

apex,
78

blood flow through,
81–82
,
81
f

blood supply to,
82
,
82
f

conducting system of,
83
,
83
f

effects of hypertension,
125

electrical changes,
85

fibrous skeleton,
80

nerve supply,
83

organs associated with,
78–79
,
79
f

position,
78–79
,
79
f

structure,
79–81
,
81
f

Heart block,
123

complete,
123

Heart disease,
119–124

congenital,
123–124

ischaemic,
120–121

rheumatic,
121–122

valvular,
120

Heart failure,
119–120

acute,
119–120
,
121

chronic,
119

left-sided (left ventricular),
120
,
125–126

right-sided (congestive),
119–120

Heart murmurs,
120

Heart rate,
85
,
86–87
,
90
,
466

autonomic control,
170

factors affecting,
83
,
83
b
See also
Bradycardia
See also
Tachycardia

Heart sounds,
84–85
,
120

Heart valves,
80–81
,
81f

in cardiac cycle,
84

disorders of,
120

incompetence (regurgitation),
120

rheumatic disease,
121

stenosis,
120

Heat,
305

loss,
357–358

production,
303
,
357

Heel,
400

Helicobacter pylori
,
314
,
315
,
316

Helper T-cells,
370
,
371
f
,
376

Hemiazygos vein,
99
,
100
f
,
288

Heparin,
36
,
62–63
,
368
t

Hepatic artery,
100
,
101
f
,
301

Hepatic ducts,
295
,
300
f
,
301
,
303–304
,
304
f

Hepatic encephalopathy,
326

Hepatic veins,
102
,
301

Hepatitis

acute,
324–325

chronic,
325

viral,
324–325

Hepatitis A,
324–325

Hepatitis B,
325
,
452

Hepatitis C,
325

Hepatocytes,
301
,
302
f

Hepatopancreatic ampulla,
293
,
300
,
300
f

Hepatopancreatic sphincter (of Oddi),
293
,
300

Hepatotoxic substances,
325
,
325b

Hering–Breuer reflex,
253

Hernias, abdominal,
321–322
,
321f

strangulated,
321
,
321f

Herpes simplex virus (HSV)

acute gingivostomatitis,
311

encephalitis,
177–178

genital herpes,
362
,
452

oral (cold sores),
311
,
362

Herpes viruses,
362

Herpes zoster (shingles),
177–178
,
362

Herpes zoster virus,
177
,
362

Herpetic gingivostomatitis, acute,
311

Heterozygous,
433
,
434
f

Hiatus hernia,
321–322
,
321f

High altitude,
69

Higher mental functions,
152
f

Hinge joints,
403

Hip

adductor muscles,
419
,
419
f

bones,
398
,
398
f

joint,
398–399
,
407
,
407
f

movements,
407
,
408
t

muscles,
408
t
,
418–420

Histamine,
141
,
219

cells releasing,
36
,
62–63

in hypersensitivity,
374

in inflammation,
368
t

Histones,
428–429
,
430
f

HIV
See
Human immunodeficiency virus

Hodgkin's disease,
135

Homeostasis,
5–7
,
208

control systems,
6–7
,
6
f

examples of variables maintained by,
6
b

imbalance,
7

Homozygous,
433
,
434
f

Hordeolum,
203

Hormones,
10
,
208
,
208
b

action,
208

bone growth regulation,
383–384

inactivation,
303

inhibiting,
209

local,
219–221

receptors,
208

releasing,
209

target organs/tissues,
208

transport in blood,
56
,
57

trophic,
209

tumours secreting,
51
see also specific hormones

Human body
See
Body, human

Human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG),
109
,
445

Human Genome project,
428

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV),
178
,
376–377

Human papilloma virus (HPV),
362
,
453

Humerus,
397
,
397
f

head of,
396
,
397
,
397
f

Humoral (antibody-mediated) immunity,
370
,
371–372

Huntington's disease (chorea),
176

Hyaline (articular) cartilage,
38
,
38
f
,
381
,
401–402