Ross & Wilson Anatomy and Physiology in Health and Illness (232 page)

obstruction,
322–323
,
453

tumours,
320–321

volvulus,
322
See also
Large intestine
See also
Small intestine

Intracellular fluid (ICF),
26
,
26
f

Intracerebral haemorrhage,
172f
,
173

spontaneous,
175
,
175f

traumatic,
174

Intracranial haemorrhage,
172f

spontaneous,
175–176

traumatic,
174

Intracranial pressure (ICP), increased,
172–173

Intraocular pressure,
192
,
466

Intrauterine contraceptive device (IUD),
453–454

Intrinsic factor (IF),
271
,
291
,
292

Intussusception,
322
,
322f

Inversion,
402
t
,
403
f
,
409

Iodine,
213–214
,
273

deficiency,
214
,
223
,
273

Ionic bonds,
19–20

Iris,
191
,
191
f
,
192
f

colour,
191

nerve supply,
166
,
191

Iron,
58–59
,
272–273

absorption,
292

deficiency,
66
,
273

deficiency anaemia,
66–67

increased requirements,
66

malabsorption,
66–67

metabolism,
60

plasma,
21
t

requirements,
66

Ischaemia,
113
,
113f
,
114–115

causing acute tubular necrosis,
346b

cerebral,
173

induced by tumours,
50

Ischaemic heart disease,
120–121

Ischial tuberosities,
398
,
398
f
,
399
f

Ischiofemoral ligament,
407

Ischium,
398
,
398
f
,
399
f

Islets, pancreatic,
217–219
,
300

disorders,
227–229

Isometric contraction,
412–413

Isotonic contraction,
412–413

Isotonic solutions,
25–26
,
26
f

Isotopes,
19

J

Jaundice,
303
,
327–328

intra-hepatic,
327

in liver failure,
326

post-hepatic,
327–328

pre-hepatic,
327

Jaw

angle of,
390

bones,
284
f
,
390
See also
Mandible
See also
Maxilla

Jejunum,
293
,
293
f

Joints,
13
,
401–409

ball and socket,
403

cartilagenous,
401
,
401
f

condyloid,
404

disorders of,
422–424

fibrous,
401
,
401
f

gliding,
403

hinge,
403

inflammatory disease,
422–423

movements at,
402
,
402
t
,
403
f

nerve/blood supply,
402

pivot,
404

saddle,
404

sensory nerve pathways,
157

synovial,
401–404

traumatic injury,
423–424

Joules,
266
,
306

K

Kaposi's sarcoma,
364
,
377

Karyotype,
428
,
429
f

Keratin,
354

Keratitis,
204

Ketoacidosis,
228
,
310

diabetic,
228

Ketone bodies,
310

Ketonuria,
228
,
310
,
343t

Ketosis,
228
,
310

Kidney(s),
12
,
330–338

in acid–base balance,
22
,
338

associated organs,
330
f
,
331
,
331
f

calculi,
347

congenital abnormalities,
347–348

ectopic (misplaced),
347

effects of hypertension,
125

functions,
330
,
334–338

gross structure,
331
,
331
f

microscopic structure,
331–333

nerve supply,
333

polycystic disease,
348

tumours,
348

Kidney disease,
343–348

in diabetes mellitus,
229
,
345

hypertension and,
125–126
,
345
,
346
See also
Renal failure

Kilocalories (kcal),
266
,
306

Kilojoules (kJ),
266
,
306–307

Klinefelter's syndrome,
456

Knee cap,
399

Knee jerk,
158

Knee joint,
399
,
408
,
408
f

muscles/movements,
409

Krebs (citric acid) cycle,
306
,
307
f
,
308

Kupffer cells,
63
,
301
,
302
,
302
f

Kussmaul's respirations,
347

Kwashiorkor,
274
,
274f

L

Labia majora,
438
,
439
f

Labia minora,
438–439
,
439
f

Labour,
7
,
442

Labyrinth,
188

bony,
188
,
188
f

membranous,
188
,
188
f

Labyrinthitis,
202
,
203

Lacrimal apparatus,
199
,
199
f

Lacrimal bone,
388
f
,
390
,
390
f

Lacrimal canaliculi,
199
,
199
f

Lacrimal glands,
199
,
199
f

Lacrimal sac,
199
,
199
f

Lactase,
296
,
305
t

Lactation,
211
,
438

Lacteals,
129
,
294
,
294
f

Lactic acid,
308

Lactiferous ducts,
446

Lactobacillus acidophilus
,
439

Lambdoidal suture,
386
,
388
f
,
391
f

Lamellae,
382
,
382
f

interstitial,
382

Lamina propria,
281

Laminae,
392
,
392
f

Langerhans cells,
63
,
357

Large intestine,
297–299
,
297
f

blood supply,
298–299

diseases of,
316–323

functions,
299

structure,
298

tumours,
320–321

Laryngeal muscles,
167

Laryngeal prominence,
237
,
238

Laryngitis,
254

Laryngopharynx,
237
,
287

Laryngotracheobronchitis,
254

Larynx,
237–240
,
238
f

blood/nerve supply,
239

cartilages,
238