 | mann,
Sex Determination and Sexual Dimorphism in Mammals
(London: Wykeham Publications, 1978); and from
Sexual Dimorphism in Homo Sapiens: A Question of Size
, ed. Roberta Hall (New York: Praeger, 1982).
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| 22. S. L. Klein and R. J. Nelson, "Adaptive Immune Responses are Linked to the Mating System of Arvocine Rodents,"
American Naturalist
, Vol. 151 (1998), pp. 5967.
|
| 23. Claude Bouchard, Jean-Pierre Deprés, Pascale Mauriège, Martine Marcotte, Monique Chagnon, France T. Dionne, and Alain Bélaanger, "The Genes in the Constellation of Determinants of Regional Fat Distribution,"
International Journal of Obesity
, Vol. 15 (1991), pp. 918.
|
| 24. David J. Evans, Raymond G. Hoffman, Ronald K. Kalkhoff, and Ahmed H. Kissebah, "Relationship of Androgenic Activity to Body Fat Topography, Fat Cell Morphology, and Metabolic Aberrations in Premenopausal Women,"
Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
, Vol. 57 (1983), pp. 304310.
|
| 25. Changes in testosterone levels due to environmental factors are reviewed in Benjamin C. Campbell and Paul W. Leslie, "The Reproductive Ecology of Human Males,"
Yearbook of Physical Anthropology
, Vol. 38 (1995), pp. 126.
|
| 26. Peter T. Ellison, S. F. Lipson, R. G. Bribiescas, G. R. Bentley, B. C. Campbell, C. Panter-Brick, "Inter-and Intra-population Variation in the Pattern of Male Testosterone by Age," paper presented at meeting of the American Association of Physical Anthropologists, Salt Lake City, April 1998. Figure 1.3 is used with the permission of Peter Ellison.
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| 27. Hannu Saloniemi, Kristiina Wähälä, Päivi Nykänen-Kurki, Karlo Kallela, and Ilkka Staastomoinen, "Phytoestrogen Content and Estrogenic Effect of Legume Fodder,"
Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine
, Vol. 208 (1995), pp. 1318. A good book on chemical competition between plants and animals is Gerald A. Rosenthal and Daniel H. Janzen, eds.,
Herbivores: Their Interaction with Secondary Plant Metabolites
(New York: Academic Press, 1979). A good book on reproductive biology is F. H. Bronson,
Mammalian Reproductive Biology
(Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1989)
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| 28. For the effects on quail and voles, see A. Starker Leopold, Michael Erwin, John Oh, and Bruce Browning, "Phytoestrogens: Adverse Effects on Reproduction in California Quail,"
Science
, 191 (1976), pp. 98100; and Patricia J. Berger, Norman C. Negus, Edward H. Sanders, and Pete D. Gardner, "6-Methoxybenzoxazolinone: A Plant Derivative that Stimulates Reproduction in
Microtus montanus," Science
, 214 (1981), p.67
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| 29. Patricia L. Whitten, Elizabeth Russell, and Frederick Naftolin, "Effects of a Normal, Human-Concentration, Phytoestrogen Diet on Rat Uterine Growth,"
Steroids
, Vol. 57 (1992), pp. 98106.
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| 30. Fritz H. Schräder, "Impact of Ethnic, Nutritional and Other Environmental Factors on Prostate Cancer," in Shalender Bhasin, Henry L. Gabelnick, Jeffrey M. Spieler, Ronald S. Swerdloff, and Christiana Wang,
Pharmacology, Biology, and Clinical Applications of Androgens: Current Status and Future
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