The Myth of Nazareth: The Invented Town of Jesus (74 page)

Qafza Cave:
excavations at —25

Qafza, Jebel:
hominid skulls discovered at —23

Quarries:
 —185

Queen Helen of Adiabene:
tomb of, rolling stone of —186

Qumran:
—306

R

Rabbi Judah the Prince:
at Sepphoris —148

Rabbinic studies:
at Jamnia —266

Rabbis:
receive temple contributions —266

Rahmani:
ossuaries in relation to —187

Raisins
:
Finegan’s mistranslation of French word —88

Redactor:
of Matthew,
Nazorean
as invention of —303

Reed, Jonathan:
—141,  190,
196,
198,
199,
200,
207; misdating of stone vessels by —199

Reina:
 —184,
200

Revue Biblique
(journal):
Bagatti’s omission of ‘Hellenistic age’ in communication to —123

Richmond, Ernest Tatham:
—105, 179,
180,
184,
201,
202; Bagatti’s false attribution of term ‘Herodian’ to him —180

Richmond Report, The
: —
105

Richmond Tomb:
—109;
See also
 
Tomb 72; oil lamps from —130

Ridge Route:
through Galilee —19

Ring of tombs:
—220,
221,
225,
228

Ritrovamenti nella Nazaret Evangelica
:
of Bagatti —74; quotation from —175

Robinson, E.:
 
—203

Rolling stones:
 —143,  160,
186,
187,
197; discussion of —186; of some Nazareth tombs —187

Roman-Byzantine Period:
Nazareth movable finds of —271

Roman Catholic Church:
traditions of —211

Roman Period:
Bagatti’s dating to —112; cooking pots of —123; Bagatti’s vague use of term —176; burial customs in Palestine —158; Nazareth basin tombs dating to —164

Roman Period, Middle:
Great Hiatus lasting from Late Iron Age until —36; Richmond lamps dated to —106

Romans:
take Jerusalem —266

Rosenthal, Renate:
—106, 167,
169,
171,
172,
177,
181,
185,
186;
Ancient Lamps in the Schloessinger Collection
of —106, 271; on chronology of Herodian lamps —171;

Rosenthal
and
Sivan:
independent datings of Nazareth lamps and pottery by —325

Russia
—29

S

Sadducees:
—154,  267

Saknin Valley:
—19

Samaria:
—47–49, 100, 266; given to Herod’s son Archelaus —155; given to Herod’s son Philip —155; foreigners settle in —  47

Samaritans:
—63, 99

Samaritan Temple:
—59

Sanballats:
—63

Sanhedrin:
—266; at
Sepphoris
—148

Sarcophagi:
 —188; discussion of —188

Sargon, King:
destruction caused by —31

Sargon
II:
—59,
61

Saul:
—46

Scarabs:
—41,
51

Scavo Presso la Chiesa di S. Giuseppe a Nazaret
:
of Bagatti —121

Schiffman
,
Lawrence:
on Jewish temple at
Elephantine
—63; on Hasmoneans —103

School:
of Franciscan Monastery —229

Schumacher:
alludes to coins under Dames de Nazareth convent —196

Schürer:
 —155

Scribes:
in New Testament —267

Scripture:
instead of evidence as guide for Christian archaeologists  —205

Scripture,
Jewish:
Nazareth unknown to —x; Nazareth not mentioned in —64

Scythopolis:
—100; Count Joseph and Epiphanius at —278

Sea Peoples:
—43

Seals:
—63,
83

Second Jewish Revolt: —
184, 199; cause of —268; underground complexes dated to —270;  stone vessel production in relation to —199

Secondary literature
: on Nazareth, dependency on defective primary literature —xiv; representative passeges from —196; characteristic passage from Lee Strobel —286

Seleucid Period:
in Palestine —98

Seleucids:
and the Maccabean revolt —101

Sepphoris:
—19,
137, 154–156,
161,
185,
188,
189,
200, 266; discussion of archaeology and history of —148; Hellenistic renaissance myth in relation to —136,
148; refounding of —104; Judas the Galilean raids armory of —154; kokhim of III CE at —161; torched by Varus —154; Jebel Nebi Sa‘in in relation to —19

Sepulchers:
Viaud on —244

Settlement:
in Nazareth basin —xiii; disruption of Canaanite —41; map showing location of in Nazareth basin —24; of Ephraim during Iron Age I, by Israelites —46; Alt on patterns of in Galilee —136; of
Nazareth, beginning in late I CE —270

Shaft tomb:
—38,
39,
50

Shaliach:
priestly envoy of Sanhedrin —280

Shalmaneser V:
—59,
61

Shards:
alleged
Hellenistic
—104; Bagatti misdating of from Ch. of  St. Joseph —125; Bagatti’s evidence —121; Bagatti’s “greatly mutilated” —122;  Joan Taylor dating of  —128; of oil lamps —113, 167

Shechem:
— 44, 83, 115, 266; dispute with Megiddo —44; nozzles from —115

Shelf grave:
description —270

Shezor Ridge:
—19

Shiloh:
—46

Shimron:
—118; lamp found at —118

Shishak (Pharoah):
invades Palestine —47

Shrine of the Annunciation:
See
 
Church of the Annunciation

Sicarii:
See also
  Zealots; as founded by Judas the Galilean —154

Silence:
arguments from, discussion of —288

Silet edh-Dhahr:
—111

Silo 22:
—80,
87

Silo 24:
shard of oil lamp found in —113

Silo 30:
— 237

Silo 30a:
— 237

Silo 32:
—237

Silo 36:
stone vase of —182

Silo 48:
description of —235

Silo 57:
—80,
87

Silos:
—28,
36,
47,
49,
50,
52, 66,
78,
81,
82,
87,
88,
90,
91,
92, 104,
130,  180,
195,
196,
197, 221,
232,
233,
235,
236,
237,
256; cisterns in relation to —50; for grain storage —28; Iron-Age material found in —47; No. 22 —49; No. 57 —49; under CA —49; discussion of —80; for agricultural not domestic use —66; in venerated area —81; at Nazareth —130; Iron Age —130

Simon bar-Kosiba (bar-Cochba):
not acknowledged as true messiah —268

Sin
(moon god):
—62

Sinai:
—29

Sisters of Nazareth
:
See also
 Dames de Nazareth; —257,
259,
260; tombs at convent of —164

Sivan, Renée:
—167,
169,
171,
172,
177,
181,
185,
186;
Ancient Lamps in the Schloessinger Collection
of —106

Skulls:
discovered at Jebel Qafza —23

Smith, R.:
 —157,
161,
167–169,
171,
172,
181,
186; dating of bow-spouted lamp —168; on end of kokh tomb use —161;
terminus ante quem
for bow-spouted lamp in relation to —169

So‘em inscription:
  —190

Solomon:
—47

Southern tradition:
—215;
History of Joseph the Carpenter
as part of —296

‘
Spin
’
:
—91

Stern
,
Ephraim:
on Palestine as battleground during 4th century BCE  —63

St. Gabriel, Church of:
—
214,
215,
216;
excavation focus in relation to —36; location of Greek Orthodox —21; waterworks at —133; Church of the Nutrition —214