Restless Empire (74 page)

Citizenship,
94

Civil law, development in China,
449–450

Cixi,
55
,
82
,
207

Boxers and,
126
,
127–128
,
129–130

reforms and,
106
,
135–136

Sino-Japanese war and,
100

Tongzhi Restoration and,
90

Clement XI,
11

Clinton, Bill,
391
,
393
,
395–396
,
434

Coca-Cola,
379

Cold War

impact on Sino-Indian relations,
434

Korea and,
201
,
410

Sino-American relations and,
375–377
,
378
,
395
,
464

Sino-Vietnamese relationship and end of,
408

College for Interpretation (Tongwenguan),
83

Comintern (Communist International), CCP and,
158
,
198–199
,
200
,
254
,
272
–
273
,
286–287

Commercial law in China,
67

Communism, inspiration for Chinese,
285
–
286
.
See also
Chinese Communist Party (CCP)

Compradors,
64
,
65

Concessions,
60–63
,
171
,
173–177

Confucian approach to world affairs,
84

Confucianism

Japanese,
120

Qing dynasty and,
5
,
7
,
54
,
103
,
123

Constitutional expeditions,
137

Consumer choice,
388

Credit-ticket system,
232

Cuba

Chinese immigrants in,
27
,
226
,
227–228

PRC and,
350
,
352–353

Cultural Revolution,
321–324
,
344
,
345–346
,
353–357
,
358–360
,
361–363

effect outside China,
358–359

in history texts,
416

Kim on,
350

Mao and,
333–334

returning Chinese and,
243–244

self-centeredness of China during,
333–334

Czechoslovakia,
357

Daewongun,
96
,
100

Dai Li,
196

Dai (Thai),
29

Dalai Lama,
148–149
,
253
,
342
,
451–452

Dane, Richard,
194

Daoguang,
22
,
23–24
,
39
,
40

Daoism,
192

Darwin, Charles,
86

de Gaulle, Charles,
261
,
280

Demchugdongrub (Prince),
283

Democracy

calls for in PRC,
381–382
,
449

Chinese concepts of,
108

Taiwan and,
390–391

Democratic Progressive Party,
392

Deng Xiaoping,
70
,
181
,
218
,
238
,
286

death of,
384

economic reform and,
372–373
,
377
,
378
,
384

forging closer links with Southeast Asia,
418–419

India and,
432

Le Duan and,
349

political reform and,
380
,
381
,
382
,
383–384

return to power,
371

reversing party policy and,
339

Rong Yiren and,
243

Russia and,
426–427

Singapore and,
241–242
,
419–420

on social inequality,
448

Soviets and,
338
,
344

Taiwan and,
389–390

US and,
374
,
375
,
376–377

Vietnam and,
407

Deng Yiming, Dominic,
326

Department stores,
182–183
,
243

Development Finance Corporation,
194–195

Dewey, John,
201

Dhanin Chearavanont,
218

Dianshizhai
(newspaper),
181

Dimitrov, Georgi,
273

Ding Ruchang,
102
,
103

Diplomacy

PRC and,
368
,
373–374
,
460

Qing China and,
11–12
,
34
,
82–84
,
174
,
193

A Doll’s House
(Ibsen),
208

Dostoyevsky, Fyodor,
201

Doyle, Arthur Conan,
202

Dress, changing style of,
178–179

Dulles, John Foster,
103
,
325

East Asia, Japan’s role in,
109

East China Sea, Sino-Japanese conflict over,
417–418

East India Company,
36
,
40
,
59

Economy

future development of,
444–447

Great Leap Forward and,
335–336

reform under Deng Xiaoping,
377–380
,
384–389

21st-century Chinese,
401–402
,
406

uneven growth in 19th-century Chinese,
25–26

Western-style sector of Chinese,
125

WTO membership and change in,
398–399

See also
Trade

Eden, Anthony,
325

Education

Chinese students abroad (
see
Chinese students abroad
)

Christian missionaries and,
70
,
71
,
132
,
189–190
,
190–191

foreign influence on,
170
,
204–205

in Hong Kong,
59–60

in Qing China,
70–73

Soviet model,
308–311

Einstein, Albert,
205–206

Elements of International Law
(Wheaton),
81

Embassies, under siege during Cultural Revolution,
354–355

Engels, Friedrich,
201

Epstein, Israel,
355–356

Ethnic groups,
28–29
,
69–70

Ethnicity

Chinese nationalism and,
150–151

Chinese preoccupation with,
456

Ethnic nationalism,
120–121

Europe, Chinese immigration to,
229–231

European Union, China and,
466–467

Falun Gong,
451
,
452

Family, foreign influence and,
208–210

Fang Lizhi,
242

Federal republic,
140

Feng Guifen,
91

Ferry, Jules,
58

Fiji,
229

Film, foreign,
202

First Five Year Plan,
309
,
310
,
327

Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence,
320

Forbidden City,
12

Ford, Gerald,
370

Foreign advisers,
192–195

American,
197

German military,
195–197
,
199

Japanese,
193

military,
195–201

Soviet,
193
,
301
,
305–307
,
309–310
,
316–318
,
339

Foreign books/films, limiting access to,
299

Foreign companies,
183–187

Foreigners,
171–211

Boxers and,
127
,
128–130

CCP purge of,
298–300

in Chinese cities,
45–46

Chinese view of,
30–31
,
32

concessions,
60–63
,
171
,
173–177

Cultural Revolution and,
354
,
355–356

expulsion after 1949,
210

extraterritoriality and,
171–172

interpreting role of,
210–211

in late 19th century,
84–86

numbers of in China,
172

rights of in China,
56

in Shanghai,
181–183

Foreign influence, map of,
61

Foreign investment,
65–68
,
184–185
,
384–385
,
445–446

Foreign knowledge, Chinese access to,
75–76

Foreign missions,
84

Foreign powers, support for central power in China,
124–125
,
144

Foreign products, in China,
176–177

Foreign relations

Communists and,
329–332

history of,
6–12

Qianlong and,
22

Foreign-run capitalism in China,
26

Foreign texts translated into Chinese,
201
–
202

Foster, John W.,
103

Four Modernizations,
136

France,
50–51
,
56–58
,
238

Fryer, John,
75–76

Fujian province, emigration from,
215
,
217
,
218

Fukuzawa Yukichi,
109

Gandhi, Indira,
434

Gandhi, Rajiv,
434

Gao Gang,
311

Gardens of Perfect Brightness (Yuanminyuan),
12–13

burning of,
51

Garuda Shield,
425

General Foods,
379

General Plan for Beijing,
313
,
314

General Plan for Moscow,
312

Gerbillon, Jean-François,
11

German military advisers,
195–197
,
199

Germany

China and,
130–131
,
133–135

military alliance with Japan,
263

pact with Soviet Union,
262–263

Gezhi huibian (Chinese Scientific and Technical Magazine),
75–76

Ghana,
350
,
352

Gini coefficient,
389

Global China,
28

Global financial crisis,
447

GMD.
See
Guomindang (GMD)
Goddess of Democracy,
382

Gojong (King),
96
,
99

Gong Pinmei,
326

Gong (Prince),
82–83
,
90

Gongsuo,
215

Good-Neighborliness and Friendly Cooperation,
428

Goodnow, Frank,
143

Gorbachev, Mikhail,
377
,
426–427

Gordon, Charles,
48

Gore, Al,
400

Goto Shimpei,
186

Greater East Asian Co-Prosperity Sphere,
275

Great Firewall,
453

Great Leap Forward,
334
,
335–341

Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution.
See
Cultural Revolution

Gros, Jean-Baptiste,
56

Gruzenberg, Mikhail (Borodin),
159
,
161
,
199
,
200